334 research outputs found
Darius I and the Daric
No full textThe author describes the place of the daric in the development of the coinage of Sardes, and links its weight with that of the Babylonian shekel of Darius I. He explores the question of exchange between the earlier electrum and the gold and silver issues struck at Sardes under the Persians, suggesting that there was a significant fall in the value of silver over the second half of the 6th. Century BC.L'auteur étudie la place du darique dans le développement du monnayage à Sardes, et lie son poids avec celui du shekel babylonien de Darius Ier. Il examine le problème de l'échange entre les monnaies en électrum de la période précédente et l'argent monnayé à Sardes à l'époque perse. Il suggère une baisse significative de la valeur de l'argent dans la deuxième moitié du VIe siècle av. J.-C.Price Martin J. Darius I and the Daric. In: Revue des Études Anciennes. Tome 91, 1989, n°1-2. L'or perse et l'histoire grecque, sous la direction de Raymond Descat. pp. 9-13
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
Darius Versus Xerxem: The images of Darius I And Xerxes In Old-Persian texts and in the works of Aeschylus and Herodotus
No full text© The Author(s) 2017. This article considers the development of the images of Persian Kings Darius I and Xerxes in Persia and Ancient Greece. The authors deal with self-representation of these monarchs in their inscriptions as well as perception of them in the ancient tradition represented by Aeschylus and Herodotus. They come to the conclusion that though Darius and Xerxes represented themselves as equals, they were perceived in ancient tradition as contrasting persons. It was most evident in Aeschylus' Persians who idealized Darius and represented Xerxes as the person mainly responsible for all misdeeds and failures of the Persians in their campaign against the Greeks. Herodotus contrasted Xerxes with Darius only on a few specific occasions, so the opposition between two Persian kings in his work is less evident than in Aeschylus' play. At the same time Herodotus' image of Xerxes is much more prejudiced and negative than that of Darius. However, there is a similarity in the representation of both Persian kings by Aeschylus and Herodotus: Darius is depicted as an administrator more than a warrior, Xerxes was a warrior par excellence
The role of advanced planning systems in facilitating regional business cooperation.
No full textIn this article I analyse the problem, of how to use advanced planning systems (APS) to facilitate the cooperation of businesses in a region. The object of the research is the use of APS in regional business cooperation, the goal of the article is to determine the role APS play in the facilitation of regional cooperation. Main tasks of the article are: 1) to research theoretical premises for regional cooperation; 2) to uncover the specifics of advanced planning systems; 3) to create a model that would illustrate the role of APS in facilitating regional business cooperation. Analysis of scientific literature on APS and regional cooperation was used as the main method of research, modelling was used for the model formation. After research I concluded, that cooperation by forming horizontal networks is one of the main aspects of doing successful business in a globalised world. Cooperation between organizations is one of stimulating factors of their development; this could lead to the improvement of overall economic and social situation in the region. Two of the most important factors that facilitate the international cooperation between organizations are the spread of information communication technologies and the establishment of English language as a universal mean of communication in the business world. Political factors are also important in cross border cooperation; they can facilitate, as well as hinder the cooperation. Advanced planning systems are one of the forms in which information communication technologies influence regional cooperation. Development of APS is closely linked to the development of these technologies. APS allow integrating the planning of the entire supply chain or even a network of organisations by determining the alternatives, goals, constraints and by applying the optimisation methods to form a hierarchical planning system. When manufacturing takes place in several plants it is crucial to coordinate the production process between them, APS is the tool to ensure effective coordination of such kind and could be considered as one of the premises for implementing Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) model in network organisations. The model that is formulated in this article shows the role of APS in the facilitation of regional cooperation. Horizontal lines in the model represent national borders, so the arrows that cross those lines represent cross border business cooperation. It could mean cooperation between separate divisions of the same organisation (as is shown by the oval encircling three of the APS modules), but it can also mean the cooperation between independent organisations that form a network of organizations, that is being coordinated by the help of APS modules in each of them. The cooperation takes place at both ends of the supply chain, it is convergent in nature when we look at buying, and divergent when we look at selling. APS are also used in each of the nodes comprising the organisational network to plan, coordinate and optimise the manufacturing process in each link of the supply chain
Causes of recurrence in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (vol 22, pg 975, 2018)
No full textIn the original publication, affiliation 3 was incorrectly published for the author 'Darius Ashrafi'. The correct affiliation should read as 'Department of Surgery, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
Creating and developing innovation at companies.
No full textSantrauka užsienio kalba (Summary) Author of paper: Dainius Berčiūnas Full title of the paper: Creating and developing innovation at companies Paper advisor: assist. Darius Ruželė The author aims to deepen the knowledge and understanding of innovation concept as well as development stages by analyzing existing academic literature in the first part of this project work. The second part of work includes the investigation and analysis done by the author in order to investigate author’s new innovation idea – company’s brand promotion using personal cars driven by students. It was important to find out willingness of the companies and students to implement the idea of promoting brand of a company on the cars of students. Another focus of analysis is to indicate the demand in the local market of the idea itself. In order to achieve the goal of this project work it was divided into few smaller sections. First of all, it is focused to revise and explain the concept, main existing theories and the importance of innovation. Secondly, by analyzing academic literature it is being introduced the creation process and the development stages of innovation. Furthermore, after performing academic literature review, it was significant to continue with actual investigation of the new innovation idea possible implementation demand. Finally, the last part of this paper consists of the analysis description as well as emphasis of main conclusion and recommendation. To briefly summarize this paper, it can be mentioned that it is important to analyze existing practices and theory on innovation in order to implement and develop them inside the companies. If talking about the success of main author’s idea, after performed analysis can be stated that this new innovation idea is worth to be implemented in the companies, which aim to increase their brand awareness with spending relatively low part of income for advertising
Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio problemos darnaus vystymosi kontekste
No full textKraštovaizdis nuolat kinta, nes jam nuolatos daro poveikį žmonių ūkinė veikla. Galima teigti, kad Lietuvoje natūralių, žmogaus veiklos nepaliestų kraštovaizdžio vietų beveik nėra. Akivaizdu, kad intensyvi ūkinė veikla ir toliau kels pavojų gamtiniams kraštovaizdžio elementams, saugomoms ir rekreacinėms teritorijoms. Išeitis – orientavimasis į darnų vystymąsi, kuris gali būti apibūdintas kaip aplinkosauginių, ekonominių ir socialinių visuomenės tikslų, priemonių bei veiksmų dermė, sudaranti galimybes pasiekti visuotinę gerovę dabartinei ir būsimoms kartoms, neperžengiant leistinų poveikio aplinkai ribų. Šio straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio problemas darnaus vystymosi kontekste. Tyrimo objektas - Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio problemos. Straipsnyje keliami uždaviniai: atskleisti kraštovaizdžio reikšmę darnaus vystymosi kontekste; išanalizuoti pagrindines Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio problemas darnaus vystymosi kontekste; aptarti kraštovaizdžio problemų sprendimo galimybes darnaus vystymosi kontekste. Bet kurios šalies kraštovaizdis yra joje vykstančių socialinių-ekonominių ir ekologinių procesų teritorinės raiškos atspindys. Jo geografinė struktūra ir architektūrinė išraiška, jo funkcinė bei ekologinė kokybė yra neatsiejamos nuo visos šalies raidos, pirmiausia nuo valstybėje priimtų ar įsigalėjusių politinių ir teisinių žemėnaudos bei aplinkosaugos nuostatų. Todėl valstybės ir visuomenės priedermė yra plėtoti kraštovaizdžio apsaugos, naudojimo, formavimo ir planavimo būdų įvairovę siekiant, kad visi kraštovaizdžiai būtų formuojami laikantis darnaus vystymosi principų ir taptų kokybišku žmogaus bei gamtinės aplinkos sambūvio rezultatu, kuris tenkintų gyvenamosios, darbo bei poilsio aplinkos kokybės reikalavimus. Galima skirti šias Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio problemas: žemės sklypų; miškų; saugomų teritorijų ir gamtinių karkasų; Kuršių nerijos; pajūrio juostos smėlynų. Įgyvendinant darnaus vystymosi principus, šiuo metu labai svarbu koordinuoti strateginius valstybės kraštovaizdžio apsaugos tikslus, savivaldybių poreikius ir privačią iniciatyvą, laikantis pagarbos privačiai nuosavybei ir siekiant, kad kraštovaizdžio išsaugojimas būtų uždavinys, nulemtas abipusio visuomenės supratimo ir pagarbos. Neabejotina, kad savaiminė Lietuvos kraštovaizdžio renatūralizacija, biologinės įvairovės didėjimas, kryptingas valstybiniuose strateginiuose dokumentuose numatytų programų įgyvendinimas ir vietinių bendruomenių dalyvavimas sprendžiant kraštovaizdžio problemas, leistų bent iš dalies atkurti nuskurdintą Lietuvos kraštovaizdį ir padidinti jo stabilumą. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Darnus vystymasi; Darnus vystymasis; Kraštovaizdis; Miškai; Saugomos teritorijos; Forests; Forests, Protected areas; Landscape; Protected areas; Sustainable developmentThe landscape of any country is the reflection of territorial expression of its socio-economical and ecological processes. Several problems regarding Lithuania's landscape could be distinguished: problems of land parcels; problems of forests; problems of protected territories and natural frameworks; problems of Curonian spit; problems of coastal sands. Self contained renaturalization of Lithuanian landscape, implementation of programs from the strategic documents of the government and active participation of local communities, could lead to at least partial restoration of the impoverished Lithuanian landscape and increase of its stability
Pažangių planavimo sistemų vaidmuo gerinant regioninį Verslo bendradarbiavimą
No full textStraipsnyje nagrinėjamas regioninis verslo organizacijų bendradarbiavimas, aptariamos teorinės tokio bendradarbiavimo prielaidos. Analizuojama pažangių planavimo sistemų (APS) specifika, aptariamos šių sistemų rūšys, vystymasis ir funkcionalumas. Analizuojamos APS teikiamos galimybės, leidžiančios pagerinti regioninį verslo organizacijų bendradarbiavimą, pateikiamas APS vaidmenį šiame procese iliustruojantis modelis, kuris atskleidžia APS reikšmę bendradarbiaujant tiek skirtingiems tos pačios organizacijos padaliniams, tiek skirtingoms organizacijoms tinkle.PAGRINDiniai žodžiai: regionai, pažangios planavimo sistemos, bendradarbiavimas.JEL KLASIFIKACIJA: R, F230DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15181/rfds.v13i2.820
Possibilities of combined use of advanced planning systems and lean manufacturing
No full textTaupi gamyba (angl. lean) ir pažangios planavimo sistemos (PPS) taikomos siekiant padidinti gamybos efektyvumą ir suteikti organizacijai konkurencinį pranašumą. Tačiau dažnu atveju šių sistemų diegimas būna nesėkmingas, arba teigiami rezultatai yra laikini, to galima būtų išvengti taupią gamybą ir PPS naudojant kompleksiškai. Šio straipsnio tikslas – įvertinti taupios gamybos ir pažangių planavimo sistemų kompleksinio naudojimo galimybes. Taikant mokslinės literatūros analizės ir apibendrinimo metodus, ekspertų apklausą straipsnyje įvertintas PPS ir taupios gamybos vystymasis, išanalizuotos šių dviejų sistemų sąsajos. Daroma išvada, kad tiek PPS, tiek taupia gamyba siekiama iš esmės tų pačių tikslų, todėl šios sistemos viena kitą papildo, o jų kompleksinis taikymas duoda didesnį efektą nei kiekvienos iš sistemų taikymas atskirai. Todėl, nusprendus taikyti taupią gamybą, vertėtų pasidomėti PPS teikiamais privalumais ir atvirkščiai – PPS diegimas gali palengvėti, jei prieš tai gamybos procesai sutvarkyti vadovaujantis taupios gamybos principais. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidė, kad geriausio rezultato galima būtų tikėtis diegiant abi sistemas vienu metu.In this article we analyse the problem, of how lean manufacturing and advanced planning systems (APS) could be used together. The object of the research is the use of APS with lean manufacturing, the goal of the article is to determine the possibilities of combined use of APS and lean manufacturing. Main tasks of the article are: 1. to research the evolution of APS and lean manufacturing; 2. to uncover the relations between lean and APS; 3. to examine the impact of lean manufacturing on the success of APS implementation. Analysis of scientific literature on APS and lean manufacturing was used as one of the methods of research; the other was expert survey method. Both APS and lean manufacturing could be linked to the need of companies gain global competitive advantage and to solve the problems that could not be solved by the use of ERP systems. Lean has its roots in TPS, later it developed both as a set of specific tools and techniques (5s, JIT, 7 wastes, SMED, PDCA, kaizen, kanban etc.) and as a philosophy of lean manufacturing, that is based on principles of determining value, mapping value stream, creating flow, establishing pull and seeking perfection. It would not be advisable to narrow lean only to the use of its tools; the tools should be applied according to the principles of lean. The evolution of APS is linked to the development of FCS, with the development of IT and technical capabilities advanced planning systems could emerge. With the help of APS one can manage uncertainty, reduce costs, and shorten lead times by using optimization. APS can also provide the right and timely information that is needed for the operation of lean manufacturing. Even though lean and APS developed independently from one another we can see them getting closer – APS is becoming linked to lean and could be implemented together with it. Both lean and APS are used as a mean for the same goal, that is why these systems complement each other, the use of them together provides better effect than the use of them separately. They are also linked by similar philosophy, use of similar principles; the tools of lean used in combination with APS get additional qualities and are able to solve problems that they previously couldn’t. APS and lean connect through bottleneck management, kaizen, kanban, heijunka, setup minimisation, load levelling, JIT, minimisation of work in progress and excess inventory. APS provides the speed and agility where manual practices of lean manufacturing are to slow to react, provide accurate information for decision makers about current situation on the shop floor. The results of expert survey showed, that lean has average but positive impact on the success of APS implementation. It is not necessary to implement lean before implementing APS, although it is possible and even provides certain benefits, but the best way, according to experts, is to implement lean and APS simultaneously if possible. APS allows using lean manufacturing without over simplification; planning algorithms, visualization of production, effective control and other advantages of APS expand possibilities of lean manufacturing. Simultaneous implementation of lean and APS increases the probability, that both of the systems are implemented successfully, and the result is better and more sustainable than it would be using only one. Because of that, one aspiring to start using lean manufacturing should acquaint himself with the possibilities provided by APS and vice versa, after deciding to implement APS, one should also look at the principles and tools of lean
Conections betwean coordination sytem and sustainable development in network organisation.
No full textIn this article we provide a three dimensional model of sustainable development, that shows the convection of sustainable development to economical, social and ecological efficiency, where efficiency is understood as an amount of total value created per harm done to social and ecological environment. We determine that currently most of the value and harm is generated in the organisational networks, so sustainable development is directly dependent on the efficiency of those networks. We show the importance of coordination system in ensuring the efficiency of network organisations, by analysing the CPFR model of coordination system and the means that are required to successfully implement this model. In the end of the article we provide the model that shows the connections between coordination system in network organisations and sustainable development
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