196 research outputs found
Fables de La Fontaine, Tome II
No full textTome I appeared in 1950. Printed on Vélin de Chiffon des Vosges. The pages are collected in a portfolio. As Metzner comments in Bodemann, the animals are humanized in clothing and posture. Humans are puppenähnlich. In the frontispiece of Acorn and Pumpkin, the philosopher gazes on the pumpkin with his finger reflectively upon his lips. The colors highlight the pumpkin and his red-and-white striped shirt. Is that the acorn off near his right foot? Metzner says that the illustrations are hand-colored. If so, the coloring agents generally add only one or two colors, often green and brown. Metzner counts twenty-two illustrations in all in the two volumes. Further illustrations here include these. The Hare and the Frogs (12) displays frogs wearing old-time bathing suits. The Stag and the Vine (47) is perhaps Barret's most successful use of color. CJ (62) chooses a surprising moment and approach. A monkey in business suit with wife and child presents a jewel to a bumpkin cock with a multicolored tail. The Worker and His Sons (95) makes him very decrepit and them somehow disengaged, while a female figure looks on from further away. Barret has fun with MM (110): she sits in a swirl of a skirt and contemplates the spilt milk on the path. With those high heels, striped socks, lovely skirt, and low-cut neckline, she would be thinking about looking good in a new dress! The Lion Grown Old (143) again follows an unusual approach: the old lion with shrivelled face chats with a monkey. My prize in this volume goes to The Fox and the Goat (158), which presents the fox as a cavalier with huge hat and sword, who looks down confidently, even arrogantly, on the goat in the well with his eyeglasses and wondering look. GGE (183) presents a wonderfully suspicious older man as he holds a knife dripping with blood and looks on the murdered hen. Well done again! AD (198) presents the characters rather than the exact fable situation. The dove is wonderfully done up with hat and parasol. The Thieves and the Ass (223) shows again fine use of color, though the situation may not be thought through well. One thief displays beautifully colored -- and even matched -- stockings and shirt. The ass resists the efforts of the clever third thief: should he in the fable? The Cobbler and the Banker (238) is another triumph: Gregoire is burying his money in the basement and looks suspiciously to see if anyone is watching. There is a reminder between the two title-pages that this edition includes five volumes and that only 2200 copies were printed.Language note: French#1576 of 2200Jean de La Fontain
Conflict and cooperation in managing international water resources
No full textWater is often not confined within territorial boundaries so conflicts may arise about shared water resources. When such boundaries lie within a federal state, conflicts may be peacefully and efficiently resolved under law, and if the state fail to reach an agreement, the federal government may impose one. Similar international conflicts are more difficult to resolve because no third party has the authority to enforce an agreement among national states, let alone impose one. Such international agreements must be self-enforcing. Efficient outcomes may emerge, but are not guaranteed. International law may emphasize the doctrine of"equitable utilization"of water resources, but there is no clear definition of what this implies. In the Colorado River case, the polluter (the United States) agreed to pay for all the costs of providing the downstream neighbor (Mexico) with clean water. In the Rhine River case, the downstream country (the Netherlands) agreed to pay part - but not all - of the costs of cleanup. In Colombia River Treaty case, both parties agreed to incur construction costs on their side of the border and share evenly the gross (not the net) benefit. This division may well have yielded a smaller net benefit to the United States than unilateral development would have, but the United States ratified the treaty. Negotiated outcomes need not to maximize net benefits for all countries. To some extent, inefficiencies can be traced to the desire to nationalize resources rather than to gain from cooperative development. The Indus Waters Treaty, for example, divided the Indus and its tributaries between India and Pakistan, rather than exploit joint use and development of the basin. Both efficiency and equity should be considered in agreements for managing international water resources. The 1959 Nile Waters Agreement between Egypt and Sudan did not reserve water for upstream riparians - notably, Ethiopia. A basinwide approach could make use of Nile waters more efficient and benefit all three riparians: Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan. Construction of dams in Ethiopia would give that country irrigation, would eliminate the annual Nile flood, and would increase the total water available to Ethiopia and Sudan. In negotiations over use of the Nile, the net benefits of basinwide management, and the ways these three riparians could share equitably in gains, should be demonstrated. In the 1980s, Egypt did not run short of water because Sudan did not take its full allocation and because Ethiopia did not withdraw any water from the basin. Increased water demand will inevitably create tension between the states.Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions,Town Water Supply and Sanitation,Water Law,Water Resources Law,Water and Industry
Robert Barret and the Making of an Early Modern Occasional Spy
No full textThis article examines letters written by the soldier-author Robert Barret in 1581 describing his travels in France and Italy, while a runaway apprentice during the 1570s, that led him to the English College in Rome. Barret's letters constitute a valuable, hitherto overlooked source of first-hand information about British and Irish Catholics in continental Europe, complementing better-known sources by Anthony Munday and Charles Sledd. Barret latterly recast his travels as an intelligence-gathering opportunity in which he collected detailed information both on Catholic exiles (including Thomas Stukeley, Bishop Thomas Goldwell, and Cardinal William Allen) and on putative plans to invade England. The letters provide an exemplary record of the – not uncommon – experiences of someone compelled by circumstances to adopt the role of an occasional spy. This article not only analyses the value of the letters’ contents but discusses broader questions concerning the pliable, shifting nature of early modern intelligence and intelligence-gatherers
Fables de La Fontaine, Tome I
No full textPrinted on Vélin de Chiffon des Vosges. The pages are collected in a portfolio. As Metzner comments in Bodemann, the animals are humanized in clothing and posture. Humans are puppenähnlich. In the frontispiece of OF, the proud about-to-explode female frog is pregnant. That is what she is so proud of! Metzner says that the illustrations are hand-colored. If so, the coloring agents generally add only one or two colors, often green and brown. Metzner counts twenty-two illustrations in all in the two volumes. Further illustrations here include OR (12); BC (31) with a tight-rope walker; FC (42), where the fox wears an eye-patch; LM (83), which uses more red with its yellows; FS (94), which wins my prize; The Wolf and the Fox in Court Before the Monkey (127) with a pin-striped wolf that is extraordinary; TMCM (138), which features a country-rat with an eye-piece who manages to steal a chicken as he flees; MSA (171), with the miller riding in front of three beautiful young women; Death and the Woodman (182), which has the woodman lying on his wood on the ground; WL (217), another favorite, which has the wolf perched on a branch coming out of the water as he prepares to beat the lamb with a long stick; and The Cat, the Weasel and the Little Rabbit (224), which puts the scene in the cat's bedroom. FS has a supercilious female stork looking down on the sheepish fox as he leaves the table with its tall vase. The Justification is at the beginning of this volume, giving the number of this copy along with the details concerning the levels of the edition of 2200 copies.Language note: French#1576 of 2200Jean de La Fontain
Contes de La Fontaine, Tome II
No full textTome I and Tome II of fables appeared in 1950 and 1951, respectively, and Tome I of Contes in 1951. I am including these three volumes of Contes because they are part of the same set of five volumes. Printed on Vélin de Chiffon des Vosges. Metzner says that the illustrations are hand-colored. The pages are collected in a portfolio. I do not know La Fontaine's Contes. What impresses me most about this particular presentation of them is the erotic character of Barret's illustrations. The illustrations can be found as frontispiece and facing 20, 47, 62, 95, 110, 135, 146, 171, 178, 202, 215. Of these twelve, only two do not feature a woman at least partially naked. Barret's style remains humorous, here perhaps more satirical than in the playful fable illustrations. There is a reminder between the two title-pages that this edition includes five volumes and that only 2200 copies were printed.Language note: French#1576 of 2200Jean de La Fontain
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Deformation imaging
No full textRecent developments in the field of clinical echocardiography allow the ultrasonographer to objectively quantify both regional and global myocardial function. Regional deformation (Strain) and deformation rate (Strain Rate) are novel indices of ventricular function that can be estimated non-invasively by ultrasonographic interrogation of the heart. Deformation Imaging (DI)represents a family of echocardiographic techniques that can be employed to detect, quantify and display the characteristics of physical deformation of the myocardium. The objective of the studies described in this thesis was to investigate Doppler-derived deformation imaging in dogs.This Master's Degree thesis is structured in two separate studies. The initial study compared Doppler-derived DI measures of ventricular function with more traditional invasive indices of cardiovascular function in healthy adult anesthetized dogs over a range of hemodynamic conditions created by serial pharmacologic manipulations. Five adult healthy dogs underwent simultaneous cardiac catheterization and transthoracic echocardiography under general anesthesia. The following invasive indices were monitored during the study: cardiac output (CO), femoral arterial (FA) and left ventricular(LV) pressures, +dP dt[subscript]max, -dP dt[subscript]max, right atrial (RA) and pulmonary arterial(PA) pressures, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Sequential manipulations of systolic function, after load and preload were performed,respectively, by means of dobutamine, nitroprusside, and hetastarch infusions.Significant changes were induced in the following invasive hemodynamic parameters: cardiac output (p 30 kg, and group 4: Doberman pinscher dogs). The aim of the study was to collect information on the feasibility, repeatability and reproducibility of Doppler-derived DI performed in a clinical setting. Of the initial 56 dogs from which echocardiographic data were collected, 7 dogs (12.5%) were excluded because of poor image quality, and data from 49 (87.5%) dogs were included in the final analysis. Of a total of 1470 ROIs analyzed, 4.65% yielded good quality curves, 88.3% were characterized by a significant amount of noise but retained a discernible pattern, and 7.14% were considered non-interpretable.Some pair-wise comparisons of the SSR values obtained from the 6 ROIs reached statistically significant difference. DI values in the Doberman pinscher group did not differ significantly compared to values obtained from a BW matched group. DI values in group 1 dogs, but not the traditional indices FS and EF, were significantly higher compared to groups 2 and 3. Results from a Bland-Altman analysis revealed overall poor clinical repeatability and reproducibility, as a result of the wide variability of the data.Based on the results of study 1 we conclude that Doppler-derived SSR represents a useful load-independent index of global systolic function, as demonstrated in anesthetized dogs. However study 2 suggests that, in a population of non-sedated dogs, with a relatively wide range of breeds and BW, Doppler-derived DI measurements are characterized by less than optimalintra-operator and inter-operator variability which may limit its value as a tool to evaluate myocardial function in a clinical setting. Comparison to other newly developed non-invasive techniques to estimate regional myocardial deformation is needed to determine the eventual clinical utility of the method
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