153 research outputs found
On the Gender of Books: Author Gender Mixing in Book Communities
Get PDFUsing a book co-buying network from amazon.com of over 1 million books, we find empirically that readers who have purchased male first authors before are substantially less likely than expected to buy books by female first authors, when aggregated across the entire book market. Conversely, past buyers of female authors are slightly more likely than expected to buy other female authors. This same-gender assortativity is found to be local: certain writing genres are ``coloured'' preferentially by one gender. This can be attributed both to writer availability (i.e., a gender's preferential attachment to writing for one genre), and to the buyers' preferential attachment to the output of writers of one gender. We obtain these insights by classifying the gender of the first author for most of the books, then running statistical tests which compare the gender makeup of books co-bought with either male or female books. Structural book communities, as generated from readers' co-buying choices, are computed, visualised in terms of gender makeup, and their writing genres are summarised to match the genre with a gender makeup
Interactive Evolutionary Optimization of Visual Explainable AI through Gestalt Principles with Human Feedback
No full textThe tradeoffs between data delivery ratio and energy costs in wireless sensor networks
No full textWireless sensor network (WSN) routing protocols, e.g., the Collection Tree Protocol (CTP), are designed to adapt in an ad-hoc fashion to the quality of the environment. WSNs thus have high internal dynamics and complex global behavior. Classical techniques for performance evaluation (such as testing or verification) fail to uncover the cases of extreme behavior which are most interesting to designers. We contribute a practical framework for performance evaluation of WSN protocols. The framework is based on multi-objective optimization, coupled with protocol simulation and evaluation of performance factors. For evaluation, we consider the two crucial functional and non-functional performance factors of a WSN, respectively: the ratio of data delivery from the network (DDR), and the total energy expenditure of the network (COST). We are able to discover network topological configurations over which CTP has unexpectedly low DDR and/or high COST performance, and expose full Pareto fronts which show what the possible performance tradeoffs for CTP are in terms of these two performance factors. Eventually, Pareto fronts allow us to bound the state space of the WSN, a fact which provides essential knowledge to WSN protocol designer
Gender homophily in online book networks
Get PDFWe measure the gender homophily (and other network statistics) on large-scale online book markets: amazon.com and amazon.co.uk, using datasets describing millions of books sold to readers. Large book networks are created by sales (two books are connected if many readers have bought both books) and can recommend new books to buy. The networks are analysed by the gender of their first author: is book consumption assortative by gender? Book networks are indeed gender-assortative: readers globally prefer to read from one author gender (the global assortativity coefficients by gender is around 0.4). Although 33% of first authors among all books are female, female books are not proportionally sold together with male books: an average of 20% (and median of 11%) of books co-bought with male books are female books. Instead, female books make up on average more than half of the books co-bought with other female books. The gender makeup of literary genres and structural book communities show that the gender homophily originates in a gender skew not only in certain literary genres (a fact known from prior studies), but even more strongly in certain book communities, with these book communities spanning multiple literary genres
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MARAMURES COUNTY
Get PDFInitiating and developing a business involves a considerable risk and a sustained effort in order to defeat the inertia against what is new. The person initiating a business, assuming the responsibility and risk of its development and benefiting from theentrepreneurship, female entrepreneurship, profit, businesses
Nichts für Schnellbetrachter: Doina Ioanids "Poesie der leichten Töne"
No full textThe article presents Doina Ioanid and her prose poems. In her poems, Ioanid records in detailed manner everyday life episodes in order to capture the fragile, authentic, genuine aspects and thus the poetry of simple life. The author use the apparent trivial aspects of life for selfreflections and for her escapes into fantasy. Her poems is the result of a cautious language precision and frugality, which make of DoinaIoanid one of the most representative and gifted Romanian poets of the young generation
ACTIVITIES OF THE SONG AND DANCE ENSEMBLE DOINA IN 1942-1944
Get PDFThe State Academic Chapel ”Doina” is the oldest and most significant performing choir in the Republic of Moldova. An
important stage of development occurred during the Second World War: in 1942, the chapel was reorganized into the Doina
Song and Dance Ensemble, which brought together musicians, singers and dancers from the Moldovan State Philharmonic.
The author considers issues related to the life of the choir collective during the evacuation period and the implementation
of concert activities in military field conditions. The geography of the ensemble’s tours is studied, the selection of the repertoire
and the interaction of the administration with composers, poets, and heads of other organizations are analyzed. Particular
attention is paid to the organization of everyday life and the life of the artists of the Doina Ensemble in wartime conditions.
The author uses all available archival materials from the funds of the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, memoirs
of the artists of the ensemble, reminiscences of eyewitnesses, biographies of the artistic directors of the ensemble
The impact of topology on energy consumption for collection tree protocols: An experimental assessment through evolutionary computation
No full textThe analysis of worst-case behavior in wireless sensor networks is an extremely difficult task, due to the complex interactions that characterize the dynamics of these systems. In this paper, we present a new methodology for analyzing the performance of routing protocols used in such networks. The approach exploits a stochastic optimization technique, specifically an evolutionary algorithm, to generate a large, yet tractable, set of critical network topologies; such topologies are then used to infer general considerations on the behaviors under analysis. As a case study, we focused on the energy consumption of two well-known ad hoc routing protocols for sensor networks: the multi-hop link quality indicator and the collection tree protocol. The evolutionary algorithm started from a set of randomly generated topologies and iteratively enhanced them, maximizing a measure of "how interesting" such topologies are with respect to the analysis. In the second step, starting from the gathered evidence, we were able to define concrete, protocol-independent topological metrics which correlate well with protocols' poor performances. Finally, we discovered a causal relation between the presence of cycles in a disconnected network, and abnormal network traffic. Such creative processes were made possible by the availability of a set of meaningful topology examples. Both the proposed methodology and the specific results presented here - that is, the new topological metrics and the causal explanation - can be fruitfully reused in different contexts, even beyond wireless sensor networks
The network signature of constellation line figures
Get PDFIn traditional astronomies across the world, groups of stars in the night sky
were linked into constellations -- symbolic representations rich in meaning and
with practical roles. In some sky cultures, constellations are represented as
line (or connect-the-dot) figures, which are spatial networks drawn over the
fixed background of stars. We analyse 1802 line figures from 56 sky cultures
spanning all continents, in terms of their network, spatial, and brightness
features, and ask what associations exist between these visual features and
culture type or sky region. First, an embedded map of constellations is learnt,
to show clusters of line figures. We then form the network of constellations
(as linked by their similarity), to study how similar cultures are by computing
their assortativity (or homophily) over the network. Finally, we measure the
diversity (or entropy) index for the set of constellations drawn per sky
region. Our results show distinct types of line figures, and that many folk
astronomies with oral traditions have widespread similarities in constellation
design, which do not align with cultural ancestry. In a minority of sky
regions, certain line designs appear universal, but this is not the norm: in
the majority of sky regions, the line geometries are diverse.Comment: Data repository: https://github.com/doinab/constellation-lines (in
progress
Towards accurate de novo assembly for genomes with repeats
Get PDFDe novo genome assemblers designed for short k-mer length or using short raw reads are unlikely to recover complex features of the underlying genome, such as repeats hundreds of bases long. We implement a stochastic machine-learning method which obtains accurate assemblies with repeats and self-validates assemblies via consensus. For this, a prior assembler is extended with the ability to (a) assemble variable-length raw reads, which may span and unambiguously recover interspersed repeats in the genome, and (b) recognize long, direct terminal repeats during the assembly, then report an unambiguous circular assembly. Consensus is obtained via stochastically independent runs of the assembler on the same read library. We experiment on viral and mitochondrial genomes of up to 41 kbp, with synthetic raw-read libraries, to be able to evaluate the assembly against a reference. We show the prerequisites for obtaining accurate assemblies. For genomes with interspersed repeats, using raw reads of average length comparable to the repeat length likely gives an accurate genome. Genomes with long direct terminal repeats can be assembled accurately also with reads shorter than the repeat length. In both cases, a simple majority forms consensus, since over 70 % of independent runs on this set of genomes yield a correct assembly
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