123,421 research outputs found
Deux verts en politique : Entretiens avec A. Buchmann et Y. Cochet
No full textBuchmann Andrée, Cochet Yves, Legavre Jean-Baptiste. Deux verts en politique : Entretiens avec A. Buchmann et Y. Cochet. In: Politix, vol. 3, n°9, Premier trimestre 1990. En Vert et contre tout ? L'écologie en politique. pp. 7-14
J. Buchmann, L'Afrique Noire indépendante, t. VII
No full textJ. Buchmann, L'Afrique Noire indépendante, t. VII. In: Revue internationale de droit comparé. Vol. 16 N°1, Janvier-mars 1964. pp. 215-219
J. Buchmann, L'Afrique Noire indépendante, t. VII
No full textJ. Buchmann, L'Afrique Noire indépendante, t. VII. In: Revue internationale de droit comparé. Vol. 16 N°1, Janvier-mars 1964. pp. 215-219
Rechnungslegung in Fremdwährung, Probleme und Lösungsansätze aus buchhalterischer, handelsrechtlicher und steuerlicher Sicht
Full text linkDas neue Rechnungslegungsrecht erlaubt, die Jahresrechnung in der für die Geschäftstätigkeit wesentlichen Währung zu erstellen. Diese willkommene Modernisierung bringt in der Praxis eine Reihe von kniffligen Umsetzungsfragen mit sich. Die Anzahl der davon betroffenen Unternehmen dürfte klein sein – der Einfluss für diese Unternehmen jedoch fundamental. Der Beitrag bringt Lösungsansätze für die Rechnungslegung wie auch aus handelsrechtlicher und steuerlicher Sicht
Influence of stand structure on carbon-13 of vegetation, soils, and canopy air within deciduous and evergreen forests in Utah, US.
No full textCarbon dioxide concentrations within forest canopies-variation with time, stand structure, and vegetation type.
No full textTowards Overset LES for Aeroacoustic Source Prediction
No full textIn this contribution an application of a computational aeroacoustics code (CAA) as a hybrid Zonal DNS tool is presented. The here used hybrid approach is based on a novel implementation of the Non-Linear Perturbation Equations (NLPE) extended with viscous terms, denoted as overset since a perturbation analysis is performed on top of a background flow. It is found that Direct Noise Computation results of a cylinder in uniform flow show the dipolar sound radiation characteristic as well as the expected decay of sound pressure level with distance. The extension to LES is illustrated with isotropic decaying turbulence, where the expected -5/3 slope of the reference DNS data is recovered with the LES employing the classical Smagorinsky model
Computation of independent units in number fields by Dirichlet’s method
No full textUsing the basis reduction algorithm of A. K. Lenstra, H. W. Lenstra, Jr. and L. Lovász [8] and an idea of Buchmann [4], we describe a method for computing maximal systems of independent units in arbitrary number fields. The tables in the supplements section display such systems for the fields
Q
(
D
n
)
{\mathbf {Q}}(\sqrt [n]{D})
where
6
≤
n
≤
11
6 \leq n \leq 11
.</p
Antibacterial Immune Responses
No full textTeleost immune responses towards bacterial infections follow initially a general pattern of reactions, including pathogen recognition, signal transduction, initiation of inflammatory reactions, production and release of innate effector molecules and subsequent establishment of adaptive responses with the involvement of T and B cells. Detailed descriptions of these factors and their regulation, biological function and genetic background are treated in various chapters of this book. However, a wide range of variations exist over this theme. The highly varying surface structure of the different bacterial types, encountered by fish, affects the outcome of the reactions—at both the early and late phases of infection. The fish host surface plays a role for pathogen attraction, adhesion and possible invasion of the host. Gram-negative fish bacteria such as Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, Yersinia ruckeri, Edwardsiella ictaluri, E. tarda, Flavobacterium psychrophilum, F. columnaris and F. branchiophilum elicit a different response compared to Gram-positive bacteria such as Renibacterium salmoninarum, Lactococcus garvieae, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. iniae, Mycobacterium marinum and M. fortuitum. The surface structures account for many of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) interacting with the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the host. In addition, the immune evasion strategies applied by the major bacterial groups explain the subsequent differences in host reaction patterns. The first infection phase involves PRRs such as TLRs and a fast expression of genes encoding AMPs together with SAA and other acute-phase reactants (precerebellin, hepcidin, lysozyme). The high upregulation of inflammatory cytokine genes (e.g. IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α) is associated with a fast recruitment of leucocytes to the focus of infection. Different types of granulocytes, including neutrophils, possessing well-documented killing capabilities, are believed to explain a part of the initial elimination of pathogens. An array of acute-phase reactants (hepcidin, precerebellin, complement factors, CRP, MBL) represent some of the innate effector molecules. Production of antimicrobial peptides and reactive O and N species by leucocytes present in the affected tissue play a major role in the immediate killing of the invaders. Antigen-presenting cells (resident or systemic) at peripheral or central immune locations with aggregations of lymphocyte centres engulf and degrade the bacterial pathogen and present antigens with their MHC molecules to T cells carrying TCR whereafter B cells are stimulated to produce specific antibodies. Important factors influencing the response are the ontogenetic changes seen during the process from hatched yolk-sac larva via fry to the fingerling stage where the adaptive elements become increasingly dominating. Granuloma formation occurs when bacterial killing mechanisms are insufficient and sequestration of the pathogens may limit spread of the bacteria, which emphasizes the limitations of the piscine immune system. It has the capacity to recognize pathogens, activate both innate and adaptive components and eventually eliminate the invader. This is the basis for the successful application of a range of antibacterial vaccines in fish farming. Thus, the adaptive immune response of fish involves immunological memory securing reaction for an extended period, but the immune evasion strategies of the different bacterial types determine the type of reaction, the fate of the bacteria and the extent of protection
Partitioning the net CO2 flux of a deciduous forest into respiration and assimilation using stable carbon isotopes
No full textPartitioning net ecosystem CO2 fluxes measured by the eddy covariance technique into their components assimilation and respiration is crucial for predicting future responses and feedbacks of ecosystems to a changing climate. On the basis of an isotopic approach with C-13, we partitioned the daytime net CO2 fluxes of a deciduous forest in central Germany into assimilation and respiration fluxes over a period of 3 weeks. This is the first attempt so far to quantify component fluxes with stable isotopes over the period of 3 weeks, enabling us to investigate the impact of environmental factors on the partitioned fluxes. Large variability in environmental conditions during the 3-week measurement campaign led to strong changes in isotopic disequilibrium between assimilation and respiration, ranging from 1 to 5%. Although this approach is still associated with large uncertainty, we found reasonable patterns in ecosystem respiration and assimilation, and a significant correlation of daytime respiration with soil temperature (R-2 = 0.48). The ratio of respiration to assimilation was highly variable on a day-to-day basis, ranging from 10% to more than 25%. This ratio was mainly controlled by soil temperature (R-2 = 0.61), indicating a strong sensitivity of ecosystem carbon dynamics to temperature changes and higher carbon uptake efficiency during cooler days. [References: 62
- …
