1,721,218 research outputs found
Immigrazione: visioni a confronto
Full text linkThe paper tries to synthesize the different interpretations of migration present on the
ongoing discussion. Considering only two factors, necessity and social
acceptability, four stereotyped visions (the society of the walls, the society of mercy,
the society of ghettos, and the society of reason) are identified. The first three share
the ideological assumption that migration flows are supply determined, that they are
pushed by poverty, lack of jobs, and desperation due to the lack of perspectives of a
better future. The fourth vision strongly supports the idea that migrations are
determined by the structural lack of labour that characterize many developed
regions, in the presence of an unlimited supply of labour in many developing and
underdeveloped countries. The implications and consequences of this approach is
that migrations flows are are unavoidable and useful to both groups of countries
that should reach political agreements to manage them in the advantage of both
L’apologo dei due cinema. Mercato del lavoro e migrazioni
Full text linkL’apologo del Cinema Italia (che raccontai per la prima volta circa 35 anni or sono e ho poi regolarmente utilizzato per spiegare ai miei studenti le dinamiche del mercato del lavoro) viene qui rivisitato per spiegare le cause dei flussi migratori internazionali, mostrare che il fenomeno è ineludibile, capire perché i flussi stiano progressivamente aumentando e continueranno a farlo nel corso del secolo. Dopo averci fatto capire che i flussi migratori sono spiegati dalla carenza strutturale di offerta di lavoro che caratterizza i paesi ricchi, in presenza di una offerta illimitata nei paesi più poveri, l’apologo mostra qual è l’unica soluzione soluzione razionale che contribuisce a risolvere gli opposti, ma ugualmente gravi, problemi dei paesi ricchi e dei paesi poveri: flussi migratori commisurati al fabbisogno quantitativo e qualitativo dei paesi economicamente sviluppati, ma organizzati congiuntamente dai paesi di destinazione e di partenza, dopo aver fornito ai futuri migranti le competenze richieste dal mercato del lavoro di arrivo
China’s New Demographic Challenge: From Unlimited Supply of Labour to Structural Lack of Labour Supply. Labour market and demographic scenarios: 2008-2048
Full text linkLabor market and demographic scenarios for ASEAN countries (2010-35) Education, skill development, manpower needs, migration flows and economic growth
Full text linkASEAN countries have been moving at different speeds along the path of the so called Demographic transition and are at present at different stages of this complex process. As a consequence, starting in the very near future, some ASEAN countries will be affected by an increasing structural lack of labor supply, while in other a structural excess of labor supply will persist for at least 30-40 years. This situation has already contributed to divide ASEAN countries into two groups: departure countries and arrival countries. Data show that both departures and arrivals have been steadily increasing as well as labor mobility within ASEAN. Building on this demographic background, the paper proposes alternative labor market and demographic scenarios for the period 2010-35. The scenarios outline manpower needs, migration flows and population growth on the basis of the trends in WAP and alternative hypothesis on employment growth. The main conclusion is that the higher the rate of economic growth that will be attained by Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and Brunei (already relevant arrival countries), the higher their need of foreign labor. In fact, in a very near future the local labor supply of these countries will not be even sufficient to replace the workers that will leave for good the labor force due to retirement or death. In substance, the paper supports the idea that growing workers mobility within ASEAN countries will represent an unavoidable precondition for economic growth and social development
Migration and development policies in a phase of labor shortage. The case of San Marino
Full text linkThe paper provides a stock-flow analysis of San Marino labor market in the framework of the demographic evolution of the country. The research covers the period 2003-2013 during which WAP was declining under the impact of the Demographic transition, while the economy of the country was first affected by a notable economic expansion and then by a deep crisis. After presenting jointly build labor market and demographic scenarios, the paper outlines some demographic and development policies that could be of interest in the incoming dialogue with EU
Il boom demografico prossimo venturo. Tendenze demografiche, mercato del lavoro ed immigrazione: scenari e politiche
Full text linkThe concepts of stock and flow. A revisit of Georgescu-Roegen definitions
Full text linkAfter recalling the classical definitions of stock and flow introduced by Fisher, the paper briefly summarizes Georgescu-Roegen’s analysis of the production process and his definitions of the concepts of stock and flow, and also of those of fund and services necessary in his approach. The paper does then propose new definitions of the same four concepts and explore their implications for a different and more realistic approach to labor market analysis
Some notes on population history, the demographic transition and the demographic future of the world
Full text linkA short summary of human population history, a critical analysis of available empirical evidence and an interpretation of data free of reverence toward the dominant theories bring to the conclusion that up to now the human population has experienced only two demographic regimes. The first was characterized by high rates of mortality and fertility. Its main characteristic was that man did not have the capability to control fertility and intervene on mortality so that periods of high demographic growth were followed by periods of pronounced demographic decline. In spite of this, at the end, the demographic history of men has been a success story. It is then argued that around 1850 an unprecedented demographic revolution was ignited by extraordinary advancements in medicine, chemistry and biology, as well as the development of new laboratory tools and techniques that opened the way to the introduction of powerful vaccines. This allowed defeating the most dangerous infectious diseases and waging a successful war against premature death. The final result was that the economically more advanced countries reached a new demographic regime, the modern regime, characterized by low fertility and low mortality rates. The fundamental characteristic of the modern regime is the capability of men to choose and determine his reproductive behavior and to control more and more the causes of death. According to present empirical evidence, the modern regime is not characterized by a demographic equilibrium, but by vastly spread situations of negative natural growth. Finally the paper argues that, in spite of the fact that deaths take place in the natural and chronological order, the modern regime is not necessarily more efficient than the natural regime. The main reason is that in this new demographic situation economic growth brings to demographic disequilibrium and the different historical moments in which the demographic “transition” has started in different countries is creating the preconditions for migration flows of unprecedented size. A paragraph of the paper is also devoted to a revisit and formalization of Carlo Cipolla hypothesis on energy and demographic growth and to the analysis of its validity both in the past and today
Développement démographique, développement économique et marché du travail dans les pays du bassin méditerranéen
No full textBruni M., di Francia Angelo. Développement démographique, développement économique et marché du travail dans les pays du bassin méditerranéen. In: Cahiers de la Méditerranée, n°40, 1, 1990. La transition démographique dans les pays méditerranéens. Tome II [Actes du colloque de Grasse, mai 1988] pp. 167-211
- …
