1,721,478 research outputs found
Combining interphase and metaphase analyses in the differential diagnosis among renal cell neoplasms with distal nephron differentiation
No full textnon disponibileCytogenetic analysis usually reveals low number of chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10 and 17 in
chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and a normal numerical complement of chromosomes in renal
oncocytoma. However, different chromosomal patterns have been rarely reported in both renal cell
neoplasms.
We investigated 23 renal cell neoplasms (11 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas, 12 renal
oncocytomas) by metaphase karyotyping and interphase FISH for chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10 and 17 and
flow cytometric analyses on tissue sections.
FISH showed losses of two or more chromosomes in 10 chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (91%) and
gains of multiple chromosomes in one (9%). Six (50%) renal oncocytomas were totally disomic, five
(42%) showed one chromosomal loss (chromosome 1 in 3 cases), one case (8%) two losses. Among 9
chromophobe renal cell carcinomas with available istograms 6 (67%) showed aneuploid stemlines
whereas the three remaining and 8/9 (89%) renal oncocytomas were diploid. Karyotypically, 3
chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (33%) were hypodiploid, 3 (33%) were polydiploid, one (11%)
was diploid and 4 (36%) failed to grow. Nine out of 12 (75%) renal oncocytomas were diploid, one
showed -Y (8%), one 47,XX,+7 (8%), one multiple different clones (9%). All chromophobe renal
carcinomas which failed to grow and 2/3 (75%) showing gains by metaphase analyses displayed
multiple chromosomal losses by FISH. Eight renal oncocytomas with normal DNA content and those
three with additional chromosomal abnormalities (91%) by karyotyping showed normal complement of
chromosomes by FISH.
Conclusion: 1) chromophobe renal carcinomas usually display multiple chromosomal losses by FISH
analysis in spite of a different spectrum found by karyotyping and flow cytometric analyses; 2)
chromophobe renal carcinomas that fail to grow in culture are characterized by chromosomal losses in
FISH; 3) renal oncocytomas usually show a normal numerical complement of chromosomes by both
interphase and metaphase analyses
Distance-based measures of incoherence for pairwise comparisons
No full textCoherence of preferences, and the measurement of its violation, has been a long standing issue in decision analysis. This paper focuses on preferences expressed by means of Pairwise Comparison Matrices. Whereas the consistency, that represents the full coherence, has been quantitatively measured by means of many indices proposed in literature, the same cannot be said for the other coherence conditions; as an example, thus far, the deviation of a set of preferences from transitivity condition has been represented by simple counts of how many times the transitivity condition is violated. As simple counts use only ordinal information discarding the information related with intensities of preferences, this manuscript introduces a cardinal approach where the deviation from the transitivity, and from further coherence levels, is seen as a matter of degree. This approach seems more suitable to cardinal preference relations where the decision makers’ preferences themselves are a matter of degree
A general unified framework for interval pairwise comparison matrices
No full textInterval Pairwise Comparison Matrices has been widely used to account for uncertain statements concerning the preferences of decision makers. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature, such as multiplicative and fuzzy interval matrices. In this paper, we propose a general unified approach to Interval Pairwise Comparison Matrices, based on Abelian linearly ordered groups. In this framework, we generalize some consistency conditions provided for multiplicative and/or fuzzy interval pairwise comparison matrices and provide inclusion relations between them. Then, we provide a concept of distance between intervals that, together with a notion of mean defined over real continuous Abelian linearly ordered groups, allows us to provide a consistency index and an indeterminacy index. In this way, by means of suitable isomorphisms between Abelian linearly ordered groups, we will be able to compare the inconsistency and the indeterminacy of different kinds of Interval Pairwise Comparison Matrices, e.g. multiplicative, additive, and fuzzy, on a unique Cartesian coordinate system
A multiplicative best–worst method for multi-criteria decision making
No full textThis communication examines the best–worst method for multi-criteria decision making from a more mathematical perspective. The central part of this manuscript is the introduction of a new metric into the framework of the best–worst method. This alternative metric does not change the original idea behind the best–worst method and yet it can be shown that it is not only mathematically more sound but also that it ultimately leads to an optimization problem which can be simply linearized and thus solved.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and Logistic
Rare case of intra-testicular adenomatoid tumour.
No full textAdenomatoid tumors are rare benign neoplasms considered of mesothelial origin. They are usually asymptomatic and slow growing masses. They account for 30% of paratesticular tumors and very rarely involve the testicular parenchyma. Only ten such cases have been reported in the literature so far. Ideal treatment should be excision of the tumor avoiding orchidectomy. Nevertheless, because of the rarity of the lesion and the difficulty of distinguishing it from malignancy, radical orchidectomy is often performed. We describe a case of a 31 years old caucasian man who presented with a moderately symptomatic left testicular mass, normal tumor markers and normal sex hormones levels. The ultrasound showed an hypoechoic intratesticular nodule of 0.8 cm in diameter. The patient underwent intraoperative frozen section of the nodule which could not exclude malignancy with certainty. A radical orchiectomy was therefore performed. Subsequent definitive histological and molecular report described an adenomatoid tumor involving the parenchyma of the testis
Predicting progression in T1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: back to histology
No full textNo abstract availabl
A Bi-objective Optimal PMU Placement Strategy Reconciling Costs and State Estimation Uncertainty
No full textThe problem of Optimal Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) Placement (OPP) in power systems is usually driven just by cost issues, whereas less attention is paid to measurement-related aspects. In particular, most OPP strategies rely on the minimization of a single objective function including system observability constraints, with no attention to state estimation performance. In fact, the observability constraints (either with or without redundancy due to contingencies) are not enough to ensure that the uncertainty associated with system state estimation is adequate for the intended purpose. For this reason, in this paper the OPP problem is addressed by minimizing two contrasting objective functions, i.e., the classic PMU deployment costs and the maximum system state estimation uncertainty. The aforementioned bi-objective OPP formulation is solved through a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results obtained applying the proposed approach to the IEEE 14-bus and 57-bus test systems show that several trade-off solutions can be found in different scenarios both with and without considering contingencies due to line or PMU faults. Among the Pareto-optimal solutions, the most interesting ones are probably those that ensure the highest normalized System Observability Redundancy Index (SORI) per PMU and those that minimize both estimation uncertainty and cost in all scenarios
Gains of chromosomes 7, 17, 12, 16 and 20 and loss of Y occur early in the evolution of papillary renal cell neoplasia: a fluorescent in situ hybridization study
No full textPazopanib as a possible option for the treatment of metastatic non-clear cell renal carcinoma patients: a systematic review
No full textEffective systemic treatment of non-clear cell renal carcinoma (nccRCC) is still an unmet clinical need, with few studies to support an evidence-based approach. To date, the only recommended standard first-line treatment is sunitinib. Pazopanib may also be used in nccRCC but its place in therapy is not clearly established. It has comparable efficacy and better tolerability than sunitinib in clear cell renal carcinoma. Our objective was to review the use of pazopanib in metastatic nccRCC
WHO 2022 Classification of Kidney Tumors: what is relevant? An update and future novelties for the pathologist
No full text: Classification systems reflect our technical abilities in the investigation of tumors and our current theories on tumor development. Herein, by providing a historical perspective on the evolution of classifying renal tumors, we assess the current WHO classification highlighting the novelties and the implications of these changes in daily clinical practice
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