196,106 research outputs found
TLQP-21, a VGF-derived peptide, stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion in the rat
No full textThe aims of this paper were to study: (1) the effects of TLQP-21 (non-acronic name), the C-terminal region of the VGF (non-acronic name), polypeptide (from residue 557 to 576 of VGF), on in vitro amylase release from rat isolated pancreatic lobules and acinar cells; (2) the mechanism through which TLQP-21 regulates exocrine pancreatic secretion, by using the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine (10 -6 M) and the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10 -6 M). On pancreatic lobules of rats, concentrations of TLQP-21 from 10 -7 to 10 -5 M significantly (p < 0.05) induced a 2-3-fold increase of baseline pancreatic amylase release, measured at the end of 60 min incubation period. Co-incubation with atropine 10 -6 M did not antagonise the enzyme outflow induced by the peptide. On the contrary, co-incubation of TLQP-21 (10 -7 and 10 -6 M) with indomethacin, at concentration of 10 -6 M, which alone did not modify enzyme secretion, completely suppressed the increase of amylase evoked by TLQP-21 on pancreatic lobules. On rat pancreatic acinar cells, TLQP-21, at all the concentrations tested, was unable to affect exocrine pancreatic secretion, indicating an indirect mechanism of action on acinar cells. These results put in evidence, for the first time, that TLQP-21, a VGF-derived peptide, modulates exocrine pancreatic secretion in rats through a stimulatory mechanism involving prostaglandin release. In conclusion, TLQP-21 could be included among the neurohumoral signals regulating pancreatic exocrine secretion, and increases the knowledge concerning the systems controlling this function. © 2012 Elsevier Inc
Central and peripheral role of the nociceptin/orphaninFQ system on normal and disturbed colonic motor function and faecal pellet output in the rat
No full textIF 3.33
Management of postoperative peritonitis due to gastric and duodenal fistulas
No full textBackground. A leak from the anastomosis or gastroduodenal suture or the duodenal fistula after endoscopic sphincterotomy are a very serious complication of supramesocolonic surgery and at this regard multifocal or disseminated peritonitis is a much more serious situation than a possible gastroduodenocutaneous fistula. Methods. The treatment of 21 cases of postoperative supramesocolonic peritonitis is discussed. It is proposed a procedure of diluition, neutralization and aspiration of digestive secretions with an intraluminal three routes drainage associated to a system of perivisceral drainage. A Witzel jejunostomy is performed in order to provide continous high energy enteral support. Results. Mortality rate has been 28.6% (6 patients: 1 case of pulmonary embolism, 1 case of massive haemorrhage and 4 cases of MOF). The external fistula created by this technique healed spontaneously in an average time of 32 days (range 16-46); in two cases a late surgical procedure was required. The late complications involve only the abdominal wall (13 patients out of 21). Conclusions. This procedure prevents the recurrence of intrabdominal sepsis and local complications due to enzymatic action of digestive secretions
The effect of orphanin FQ on some in vivo and in vitro gastrointestinal functions.
No full textPharmacol. Res. (43, p. 115
Steering digitalization and management control maturity in small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
No full textGastrointestinal effects of intracerebroventricularly injected nociceptin/orphaninFQ in rats
No full textNociceptin/orphanin FQ/(N/OFQ), a novel heptadecapeptide recently isolated from porcine and rat brain, is the endogenous ligand of
the N/OFQ peptide receptor (NOP, previously known as ORL-1). In this study we examined the effects of intracerebroventricularly (icv) injected
N/OFQ on gastric emptying, gastrointestinal transit, colonic propulsion and gastric acid secretion in rats. N/OFQ (0.01–10 nmol/rat)
significantly delayed gastric emptying of a phenol red meal, inhibited transit of a non-absorbable charcoal marker through the small
intestine and increased the mean colonic bead expulsion time. These N/OFQ-motor effects were abolished by the NOP receptor selective
antagonist [NPhe1]N/OFQ(1–13)-NH2 (50 nmol/rat), but were unaltered by the classical opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone
(9.2mol/kg). Icv injected N/OFQ (10 nmol/rat) decreased gastric acid secretion in 2-h pylorus ligated rats in a naloxone sensitive manner.
[NPhe1]N/OFQ(1–13)-NH2 (100 nmol/rat) icv administered alone stimulated gastric acid secretion. These results indicate that N/OFQ activates
via NOP receptor stimulation a central inhibitory pathway modulating gastrointestinal propulsive activity and gastric acid secretion
in rats
Stimulatory effect of PG-KII, an NK3 tachykinin receptor agonist, on isolated pancreatic acini: species-related differences
No full textMore information is needed on the physiological role of the tachykinins (TKs), especially neurokinin(3)-receptor (NK3) agonists, in the pancreas. In this paper we investigated and compared the effect of PG-KII (10(-9) to 10(-6) M), a natural NK3-receptor agonist, with that of the known secretagogues substance P (10(-9) to 10(-6) M), caerulein (10-(11) to 10(-8) M) and carbachol (10(-8) to 10(-5) M), on amylase secretion from dispersed pancreatic acini of the guinea pig and rat. PG-KII (10(-7) M) significantly increased basal amylase release from guinea pig pancreatic acini (from 5.4 +/- 0.9% to 11.3 +/- 0.5%, P < 0.05) but left basal release in the rat unchanged (6.5 &PLUSMN; 0.5%). The stimulant effect of PG-KII on guinea pig acini was significantly reduced by the NK3-receptor antagonist, SR 142801 (5 x 10(-7) M), and left unchanged by the NK1-receptor antagonist, SR 140333 (5 x 10(-7) M). Conversely, substance p (10(-7) M) significantly stimulated amylase secretion from rat and guinea pig acini (12.6 &PLUSMN; 0.6% and 12.1 &PLUSMN; 0.7%, P < 0.05). This stimulated effect of substance P was antagonized by the NK1-receptor antagonist (5 x 10(-7) M), but not by the NK3-receptor antagonist (5 x 10(-7) M). The PG-KII- and substance P-evoked maximal responses were lower than those evoked by caerulein (10(-9) M) (guinea pig, 19.1 +/- 1.3%; rat, 18.2 +/- 0.9%, P < 0.01) and carbachol (10(-5) M) (guinea pig, 23.3 &PLUSMN; 1.2%; rat, 24.0 &PLUSMN; 1.1%, P < 0.01). The inhibitors of phospholipase CU-73122 (10(-5) M), phospholipase A(2) quinacrine (10(-5) M), and protein tyrosine kinase genistein (10(-4) M), partly but significantly inhibited PG-KII, as well as carbachol-stimulated amylase release. Coincubation of PG-KII 10(-7) M with submaximal doses of caerulein (10(-11) to 10(-10) M) and carbachol (10(-7) to 10(-6) M) had an additive effect on amylase release. Pre-incubation with PG-KII (10(-7) M) for 30 min significantly reduced the subsequent amylase response to PG-KII, whereas pre-incubation with caerulein 10(-10) M or carbachol 10(-6) M did not. These findings suggest that PG-KII directly contributes to pancreatic exocrine secretion by interacting with acinar NK3 receptors of the guinea pig but not of the rat. PG-KII signal transduction involves the intracellular phospholipase C, phospholipase A2 and protein tyrosine kinase pathways. The NK3 receptor system cooperates with the other known secretagogues in regulating guinea pig exocrine pancreatic secretion and undergoes rapid homologous desensitization. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Integrated management of cogeneration plants and district heating networks
No full textL'articolo tratta dell'utilizzo integrato dei modelli numerici del CHP e della rete e dell'utilizzo delle relative dinamiche per l'ottimizzazione energetica della conduzione del sistema
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