3 research outputs found
A Novel Method for the Synthesis of Phosphindolizine.
No full textThe purpose of this experimental design is to devise a novel method for the synthesis of phosphindolizine. The proposed mechanism includes the synthesis of 3,4-dimethyl – 2Hphospole, and 3,4-dimethyl-1-phenyl-, 1-sulfide. These two products will be reacted together via a 2+4 Diels alder reaction to create a 7-phosphanorbornene, and the phosphorous groups in the compound will be protected by adding sulfur (S8). The bicyclic portion of this ring will then be removed via UV light in a retro-Diels Alder reaction. Following the removal of the sulfur protecting group, this represents the proposed mechanism for synthesizing phosphindolizine
Staged Strategies to Deal with Complex, Giant, Multi-Fossa Skull Base Tumors
No full textGiven the complex and multifaceted nature of resecting giant tumors in the anterior, middle, and, to a lesser extent, the posterior fossa, we present two example strategies for navigating the intricacies of such tumors. The foundational premise of these two approaches is based on a two-stage method that aims to improve the visualization and excision of the tumor. In the first case, we utilized a combined endoscopic endonasal approach and a staged modified pterional, pretemporal, with extradural clinoidectomy, and transcavernous approach to successfully remove a giant pituitary adenoma. In the second case, we performed a modified right-sided pterional approach with pretemporal access and extradural clinoidectomy. This was followed by a transcortical, transventricular approach to excise a giant anterior clinoid meningioma. These cases demonstrate the importance of performing staged operations to address the challenges posed by these giant tumors
Unusual presentation of glioblastoma in the brainstem: a case report of a diffuse pontine glioblastoma multiforme and surgical management
No full textDiffuse pontine glioblastoma multiforme is a rare subtype of glioblastoma associated with a poor prognosis. In this case report, we present a unique case of diffuse primary pontine glioblastoma multiforme in a patient without any supratentorial lesions. We review the symptoms, treatment options, and case management of patients with infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme and compare these with our patient. Our patient presented with symptoms including progressive diplopia, gait disturbance, and lower extremity weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diffuse lesion involving the pons and biopsy revealed only mildly-atypical glial infiltrates. Consequentially, diagnosis was driven by genetic analysis. Due to the location of the tumor, surgery was not considered a viable option. Instead, the patient received radiation therapy along with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy which has resulted in improvement of symptoms. This case highlights the challenges of managing diffuse primary pontine glioblastoma multiforme and the need for more effective treatment options for this rare subtype of glioblastoma. Despite aggressive treatment, the prognosis for patients with infratentorial glioblastoma multiforme remains poor, with a median survival time of less than a year. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of the biology and optimal management of this disease
