1,410 research outputs found
Adolescence invites rebellion: Investigating the aesthetics of American culture in Dutch theatre for adolescents
No full textAnswering how the aesthetics of American pop culture seem to have had such an impact on Dutch theatre for adolescents, this study reviews several perspectives on the history of adolescence and the Americanization of Europe which combined to play a crucial role in forming that aesthetic. A general political history begins this thesis by first answering why theatre for youth is popularly practiced in the Netherlands and not in the U.S. This section demonstrates how political structures and economics condition the possibility of national growth in theatre practice through highlighting the relationship of Dutch social arts funding to the growth of certain kinds of theatre that have proven difficult for the commercial U.S. market to develop. Several histories of youth culture are then reviewed looking at the particular social practices in America that seem to have had a universal and simultaneous development in the Netherlands and Europe. Looking at how youth culture has developed transnationally leads up to an examination of the transnational impact on the local development of theatre art in the Netherlands, and furthermore explains how specifically American mass-cultural products have been able to play such a significant role in Dutch theatre arts
Client learning across major infrastructure projects
No full textAccepted Author ManuscriptPublic Commissionin
Bank Competition, Asset Allocations and Risk of Failure: An Empirical Investigation
No full textThis study is an empirical investigation of theoretical predictions concerning the impact of bank competition on bank risk and asset allocations. Recent work (Boyd, De Nicolò and Jalal, 2009, BDNJ henceforth) predicts that as competition in banking increases, the loan-to-asset ratio will rise (under reasonable assumptions), but the probability of bank failure can either increase or decrease. However, the probability of bank failure will fall if and only if borrowers’ response to take on less risk as loan rates decline is sufficiently strong. We test these predictions using two samples with radically different attributes. With both, we find that banks’ probability of failure is negatively and significantly related to measures of competition. We also find that as competition intensifies, borrower risk decreases and the loan-to-asset ratio increases. These results are consistent with the predictions of the BDNJ model.
Mutations in the Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida type III secretion system affect Atlantic salmon leucocyte activation and downstream immune responses
No full textDeletion mutants of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida were used to determine the effect of the type three secretion system (TTSS) on Atlantic salmon anterior head kidney leucocytes (AHKL). One strain had a deletion in the outer membrane pore gene, ascC; and the other in three effector genes: aopO, aopH and aexT (we call this strain Δaop3). Host cell invasion success and 24h survival were depressed in ΔascC, as was 24h survival of Δaop3, when compared to the wild type strain. Challenge of AHKLs with A449 or TTSS mutants stimulated expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-1 and TNFα at two bacterial concentrations (A600 0.1, 0.01). Expression of IL-12 was not stimulated in ΔascC challenged cells, whereas A449 and Δaop3 challenge resulted in an up-regulation of IL-12 in AHKLs, 2- and 4-fold higher than PBS, respectively. Only the wild type strain elicited a significant increase in IL-10 expression (5.5× at A600 0.1). Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and arginase (I+II) genes were also significantly up-regulated upon exposure to all strains. However, iNOS:arginase ratio was elevated in the effector mutant challenge. These results suggest that A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida may enhance survival within the host cell through polarization of macrophages/leucocytes to an alternative, rather than classical, activation state. Furthermore, the short-term survival and lack of T-cell signalling cytokine stimulation in ΔascC, may help explain its inefficiency at providing protection to subsequent wild type challenge.ID: S1050464809002988; M3: Article; Accession Number: S1050464809002988; Author: Mark D. Fast (a, ∗); Author: Brenda Tse (b); Author: Jessica M. Boyd (c); Author: Stewart C. Johnson (d); Affiliation: School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, USA; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada; Keyword: Aeromonas salmonicida; Keyword: Type three secretion system; Keyword: Atlantic salmon; Keyword: SHK-1; Keyword: Gene expression; Keyword: Inflammation; Keyword: Activation; Keyword: Interleukin-1β; Keyword: (IL-1β); Keyword: Interleukin-10; Keyword: Interleukin-12; Number of Pages: 8; Language: English;Source type: Electronic(1
Computing compatible tours for the traveling salesman problem
No full textWe consider the following natural heuristic for the Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem: solve the subtour relaxation, yielding a solution x*, and then find the best tour x-bar that is 'compatible' with x*, where compatible means that every subtour elimination constraint that is satisfied at equality at x* is also satisfied at equality at x-bar. We prove that finding the best compatible tour is NP-hard and show that the tour can have a cost approaching 5/3 that of the optimal tour. We then describe a branch-and-cut algorithm for computing the best compatible tour, and present extensive computational results for TSPLIB instances. It turns out that, in practice, the tour is usually of very good quality. Moreover, the computational effort for computing the compatible tour is considerably smaller than that of solving the full problem with the best available software, i.e., Concorde
Branch and Bound Methods
No full textBranch and bound algorithms are methods for global optimization in nonconvex prob-lems [LW66, Moo91]. They are nonheuristic, in the sense that they maintain a provable upper and lower bound on the (globally) optimal objective value; they terminate with a certificate proving that the suboptimal point found is -suboptimal. Branch and bound al-gorithms can be (and often are) slow, however. In the worst case they require effort that grows exponentially with problem size, but in some cases we are lucky, and the methods converge with much less effort. In these notes we describe two typical and simple examples of branch and bound methods, and show some typical results, for a minimum cardinality problem. 1 Unconstrained nonconvex minimization The material in this section is taken from [BBB91]. The branch and bound algorithm we describe here finds the global minimum of a function f: Rm → R over an m-dimensional rectangle Qinit, to within some prescribed accuracy . We let f? denote the optimal value, i.e., f? = infx∈Qinit f(x). For a rectangle Q ⊆ Qinit we define Φmin(Q) = in
Southwestern Congress of Optometry: Dr. Edmund F. Richardson, Dr. A. M. Skeffington, and Dr. Darell Boyd Harmon
No full textImage shows three men who were scheduled to address the 11th annual Southwestern Congress of Optometry in Fort Worth. Left to right, are Dr. Edmund F. Richardson, former president of California Optometric Association; Dr. A. M. Skeffington, author in the optometrist profession; and Dr. Darrell Boyd Harmon, former director of the school health division of the Texas State Department of Health. Published in the morning edition, February 11, 1951.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1950s/9600/thumbnail.jp
Exploiting planarity in separation routines for the symmetric traveling salesman problem
No full textAt present, the most successful approach for solving large-scale instances of the Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem to optimality is branch-and-cut. The success of branch-and-cut is due in large part to the availability of effective separation procedures; that is, routines for identifying violated linear constraints.For two particular classes of constraints, known as comb and domino-parity constraints, it has been shown that separation becomes easier when the underlying graph is planar. We continue this line of research by showing how to exploit planarity in the separation of three other classes of constraints: subtour elimination, 2-matching and simple domino-parity constraints
Shrimp culture in inland low salinity waters
No full textInland aquaculture of shrimp in low salinity waters is widespread in many regions worldwide. Owing to its ability to grow and survive in low salinity environments the Pacific white shrimp, (Litopenaeusvannamei Boone) has become the candidate of choice for low salinity culture. Remediation techniques have been developed to improve the osmoregulatory capacity of shrimp reared in low salinity waters. These techniques have evaluated water modification strategies that improve low salinity waters used for production by adding potassium and magnesium fertilizers and dietary approaches that involve modification of the feeds offered to shrimp with supplements that might improve osmoregulatory capacity. 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