163,545 research outputs found
Bowes House, proprietor James Bowes
No full textBack L - R Peter Grant, Angus McDonald, Peter Linquist, Robert Davis, Charles Martin, Paul Anderson, George Fairburn, John Nesbitt, James Bowes, Hugh Nixon, Fred Wilson, Alex Ross, Joseph Telmire, James Anderson, William Robinson, Thomas Ardell, John Smith, George Clark. Front L - R Grant Throburn, J. Van Doran, Thomas Mulvey, William Saunders
Lead production on the northeast periphery: A study of the Bowes family estate, c.1550-1771
Get PDFThis is a study of a family estate’s relationship with a high value mineral product. It aims to fill a knowledge gap in the extractive industry’s history in the Northeast by examining the lead production process on Bowes’ lands. The behaviour of the landowner as mineral lord and the extent of any individual’s role is the over-arching theme. It involves the study of the gentry as entrepreneur, and the key role of the estate steward. The economic relationship between the region and the nation is also illuminated through the Bowes family’s activities in both the North-East and London. The main focus is on the Bowes estate between 1720 and 1760 as this was the period when George Bowes was actively involved in developing the lead mining industry on his estates in North-East England.
The chapters that follow examine the Bowes family’s relationship with lead between 1550 and 1771. Chapter 2 attempts to establish the roots of this relationship in the sixteenth century; Chapter 3 focuses on the swing to inactivity in the lead business during the first half of the seventeenth century, followed by less passive involvement from the late 1670s into the early eighteenth century. The period of George Bowes patriarchy then becomes the focus of the thesis: Chapter 4 discusses the organisation and management of lead production on the Bowes estate in the mid-eighteenth century; Chapter 5 the development of lead mining; Chapter 6 smelting and related activities; Chapter 7 the lead market and carriage; chapter 8 the role of George Bowes; and Chapter 9 the transitional period between 1760 and 1771 prior to the arrival of the London Lead Company
Group at U.P. Depot "Major Bowes", Nov. 1935
No full textChevrolet Motors, Group at U.P. Depot ""Major Bowes"", 11/28/35
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Accounting and estate management in North-East England c.1700-1770 with particular reference to the Bowes estates
Get PDFThrough the accounts, the thesis examines estate accounting and management practice in the north-east of England, with special reference to the Bowes, in order to ascertain whether estates were managed efficiently as productive investments, and whether accounting aided managerial activity at this early stage of industrial development. George Bowes was the estate proprietor for most of the period in question. His active involvement in the day-to day operations of his estates, coupled with the geographical spread of his activities and his distance from events, necessitated a centralised organisational structure, that was capable of delegating responsibility to stewards in key areas, whilst, at the same time, retaining control at the centre. This was achieved through a unified reporting network, which ensured that management and accounting practices were highly integrated over different activities. Generally, the accounts were based on the bilateral recording of cash receipts and payments, with adjustments for opening and closing debtors, creditors and stocks as appropriate. Charge and discharge accounts did not predominate. Most of the accounts were prepared by the stewards. The majority of the estate accounts were designed to keep track of rights and obligations. There was a close linkage between the form of the accounts and the mode of organisational control, and the accounting procedures were flexible enough to respond to organisational changes. Written agreements underpinned the contractual obligations of third parties, and accounts were used to monitor compliance. Internal audit checks increased their effectiveness as a control mechanism. The survival of cost analysis, profit statements and planning data indicates that profit maximisation was also an important issue - the estates were not treated simply as units of consumption - and that the accounts played an important facilitating role. Colliery viewers were instrumental here. There are indications that a knowledge-power mechanism also existed within the estates, casting doubt on both the mutual- exclusivity of particular explanations of accounting activities, and on the notion that a relevant distinction exists between 'modern' and 'pre-modern' business organisation
Organic carbon release by Dunaliella salina (Chlorophyta) under different growth conditions of CO2, nitrogen, and salinity
No full textTwo strains of Dunaliella salina (Dunal) Teod., UTEX 1644 and UTEX 200, were cultured under different growth regimes, including 10 mM NO3− or NH4+, 1.5 or 3.0 M NaCl, and low (0.035%) or high (5%) CO2 in air. The release of 14C-labeled dissolved organic carbon (DOC), expressed as a rate and as a percentage of photosynthetic 14CO2 assimilation, was subsequently determined. The percentage of DOC released was inversely related to cell density in the assay medium, but photosynthesis on a per-cell basis was not. Release of DOC was low, in the range of 1–5% of photosynthesis, but during acclimation to growth on NH4+, it rose to 11%. The presence of NH4+ rather than NO3− in the growth medium increased the rate of release by both strains, but the percentage release was stimulated only in UTEX 200 cells, because their photosynthetic rate was depressed by NH4+. For UTEX 1644, high, as compared to low, CO2-grown cells, had somewhat higher rates and percentages of DOC release, but release from UTEX 200 cells was unaffected by the growth-CO2. The rate of DOC release by high CO2-grown cells was not enhanced at a low concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon, indicating that the released material did not originate from the photorespiratory pathway. The effects of NaCl on DOC release varied with strain and growth conditions. For UTEX 200, the cells in NO3−, but not NH4+, exhibited a doubling or more in percentage of release with a doubling in NaCl concentration, irrespective of growth-CO2. With UTEX 1644 the low CO2-grown cells showed the greatest enhancement in 3.0 M NaCl. Organic matter accumulated on the external surface of the cell membrane and constituted a well-defined cell-coat, which was more dense in NH4+ than in NO3−-grown cells. Microtubules, which may play a role in maintaining cell shape, were observed just below the plasma membrane.
From a practical viewpoint, the presence of organic material in the hypersaline ponds of salt-works is detrimental to salt production. When D. salina cells become abundant in such ponds, the attendant, continuous release of DOC may make a significant contribution to the problem
Fault-insertion and fault-fixing: analysing developer activity over time
No full textDevelopers inevitably make human errors while coding. These errors can lead to faults in code, some of which may result in system failures. It is important to reduce the faults inserted by developers as well as fix any that slip through. To investigate the fault insertion and fault fixing activities of developers. We identify developers who insert and fix faults, ask whether code topic 'experts' insert fewer faults, and experts fix more faults and whether patterns of insertion and fixing change over time. We perform a time-based analysis of developer activity on six Apache projects using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Network Analysis and Topic Modelling. We show that: the majority of the projects we analysed have developers who dominate in the insertion and fixing of faults; Faults are less likely to be inserted by developers with code topic expertise; Different projects have different patterns of fault inserting and fixing over time. We recommend that projects identify the code topic expertise of developers and use expertise information to inform the assignment of project work. We propose a preliminary analytics dashboard of data to enable projects to track fault insertion and fixing over time. This dashboard should help projects to identify any anomalous insertion and fixing activity
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