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Shem Ṭov Ben Isaac, Glossary of Botanical Terms, Nos. 1-18
No full textThis article provides a critical edition and translation of the first eighteen items of the letter Aleph in the first list of the medico-botanical glossary compiled by Shem Ṭov ben Isaac of Tortosa in the second half of the 13th century. It is part of his translation into Hebrew of Book 29 of the medical compendium entitled Kitāb al-taṣrīf, whose original author is the Arabic physician al-Zahrāwī (10th century). The glossary is actually an autonomous one, composed by Shem Ṭov ben Isaac himself, containing two alphabetical lists of synonyms. The lemmata of the first list are Hebrew or Aramaic plant names gleaned from the Bible or rabbinic literature, in which each entry gives the Arabic, Latin, and Occitan synonyms. The second list is organized according to Old Occitan names of drugs and offers their Arabic, biblical/rabbinic, and sometimes also the Latin equivalents. For an Arabic equivalent to a rabbinic term Shem Ṭov ben Isaac consulted (as he tells us) medieval commentators, while for an equivalent to a biblical term he consulted Saʿadya Gaon (882-942) and R. Jonah ibn Janāḥ. The edition of the complete glossary is part of an interdisciplinary project at the Martin Buber Institute for Jewish Studies of the University of Cologne and at the Department of Romance Philology of the Free University of Berlin, the goal of which is the edition and the analysis of unedited texts of medico-botanical literature written in Middle Hebrew
The Literature of Hebrew Medical Synonyms: Romance and Latin Terms and their Identification
No full textThis paper surveys several medico-botanical synonym lists that have not been described adequately in the bibliographical literature so far. We pay special attention to their vernacular component, addressing the problem of identifying the languages involved, which—aside from Latin—are different varieties of Romance. In much of the existing literature and many catalogues, the specific Romance language is usually either not identified or misidentified. Notably, the vernacular is often said to be Spanish or Italian, ignoring other languages like Occitan and Catalan. We show that the latter two languages are particularly frequent in this genre of multilingual medico-botanical synonym lists
Arabic-Romance Medico-Botanical Glossaries in Hebrew Manuscripts from the Iberian Peninsula and Italy
No full textSome late medieval bilingual and multilingual medico-botanical glossaries in Hebrew characters, preserved in the Vatican Library (in particular MSS ebr 356, 361, 365, and 417) are discussed. These lists contain Arabic and (sometimes) Hebrew medico-botanical terms, alongside numerous representatives of the various Romance dialects spoken in the regions where Jewish scholars and physicians lived and worked (the Iberian Peninsula, southern France, and parts of Italy). The main goal is to identify the Romance varieties used in these lists, because they can help indicate the lists' origin and transmission paths
Macer Floridus: A Middle Hebrew Fragment with Romance Elements
No full textIn this article we present an unedited fragmentary Hebrew version of the Medieval Latin herbal "De virtutibus herbarum." In section 1 we introduce the original Latin text and the Hebrew translation, taking into account the most important textual and linguistic characteristics of the latter. In section 2 we offer a critical edition of the Hebrew text, using a synoptic format in order to facilitate comparison with the Latin text. This section also includes an English translation. Since the Hebrew version was most probably made in southern France, it contains a considerable amount of Romance and Latin elements, which are listed and discussed in section 3. In section 4 we briefly summarize the findings of this article and make some comments on the philological and historical value of the text
The Black Death in Hebrew Literature: Abraham Ben Solomon Hen's Tractatulus de pestilentia
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Bos, Gerrit (2019) A Concise Dictionary of Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages. Leiden-Boston: Brill, pp. 299.
Full text linkBos, Gerrit (2019) A Concise Dictionary of Novel Medical and General Hebrew Terminology from the Middle Ages. Leiden-Boston: Brill, pp. 299. ISBN 978-90-04-39865-8. ISBN-e 978-90-04-39866-
Edition, Translation and Commentary, with Special Reference to the Ibero-Romance Terminology
No full textMedical Glossaries in the Hebrew Tradition: Shem Tov Ben Isaac, <i>Sefer Almansur</i>
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