177,538 research outputs found
Attualità in tema di tabagismo: composizione chimica del fumo, danni alla salute, impatto economico-sociale, strategie di intervento
No full textGli Autori partendo da un'analisi dell'impatto socio-economico del feno-meno tabagismo nella società attuale, esaminano i meccanismi fisio-patologici della dipendenza nicotinica associata a quella derivata dai principali additivi del fumo di tabacco e ne descrivono la loro diffusione nelle comuni preparazioni attualmente in commercio. Concludono prendendo in considerazione i principali danni alla salute causati dal tabagismo e le pili recenti metodologie proposte per la disassuefazione dal fumo
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Il ruolo del laboratorio tossicologico in tema di abuso di nuove droghe: problematiche emergenti
No full textProtocolli operativi per la diagnostica tossicologica nell’accertamento dell’idoneità alla guida
No full textThe dark matter distribution in disc galaxies
No full textWe use high-quality optical rotation curves of nine low-luminosity disc galaxies to obtain the velocity profiles of the surrounding dark matter haloes. We find that they increase linearly with radius at least out to the edge of the stellar disc, implying that, over the entire stellar region, the density of the dark halo is about constant. The properties of the mass structure of these haloes are similar to those found for a number of dwarf and low surface brightness galaxies, but provide a more substantial evidence of the discrepancy between the halo mass distribution predicted in the cold dark matter scenario and those actually detected around galaxies. We find that the density law proposed by Burkert reproduces the halo rotation curves, with halo central densities (rho (0) similar to 1-4 x 10(-24) g cm(-3)) and core radii (r(0) similar to 5-15 kpc) scaling as rho (0) proportional to r(0)(-2/3)
Long-Term Detection In Hair Of Zolpidem, Oxazepam And Flunitrazepam In A Case Of Drug-Facilitated Sexual Assault
No full textDrug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) cases are pretty common in forensic toxicology. In this case report, a 56-year-old female tourist claimed to have been sexually assaulted by five men after having had a drug-spiked alcoholic drink. Urine samples were collected at 38, 44, and 45 hours after the alleged rape. After 7 months, hair strands (28 cm in length) were also sampled to perform the segmental hair testing. Urine and decontaminated hair segments were tested for different groups of basic, acid, and neutral substances (GHB, Z-drugs, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, hypnotics, antipsychotics, drugs of abuse). GC/MS and LC-MS/MS methods were applied for the qualitative and quantitative analyses. Toxicological analyses performed on urine samples gave inconclusive findings. Zolpidem, flunitrazepam, and oxazepam were detected in the hair segments corresponding to the time frame of the alleged assault. Endogenous levels of GHB were detected along the hair shaft. No drugs were detected in the proximal and distal hair segments or in washing solutions. This DFSA case demonstrated that the segmental toxicological analysis of hair, even when performed 7 months after the sexual assault, can provide evidence consistent in a single exposure to psychoactive drugs, at the time of the offence
A five years study on drug-related deaths in Campania (Italy)
No full textOBJECTIVES: The study regards n. 267 drug related deaths submitted to toxicological analyses for forensic purpose, since 2008 to 2012, at the Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology of the Second University of Napoli (SUN), Italy. Among the cases studied (94% males and 6% females) the 13.1% regards foreign citizens. METHODS: For each case autopsy findings and all drugs detected were recorded. In addition other epidemiological data such as age, race, gender, place and circumstance of death were also supplied. A systematic toxicological analysis (STA) for illicit drug, other pharmaceuticals, new psychotropic substances and ethanol has been applied on the specimens collected at autopsy and all positive results were confirmed by a quantitative analysis (GC/MS or LC-MS/MS). RESULTS: Toxicological results shows that simultaneous use of multiple illicit drugs was responsible of the largest mortality rate (57.7%), in both males and females. In the poly-drug use the cocaine was the most detected substance. The association of heroin/cocaine was identified in the 22.5% of deaths. The finding of only one drug was correlated with an opiate drug for the 14.2% and with cocaine for the 4.5% of cases. The distribution by age and gender demonstrates an increase in deaths among males aged over 30 years and among women older than 35 years. The territorial distribution of the deaths in the different surrounding areas and in the residential quarters of the Naples city demonstrates that the 76% of deaths occurred in a place different from the usual residence. CONCLUSION: Results obtained demonstrate that prevails, at present, the need to specifically explore the changing patterns of poly-drug use among addicts, because studying the prevalence of mortality subsequent to the consumption of a single illicit drug may be insufficient to guide preventive policies in public health
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