51 research outputs found
Immunization with anticardiolipin cofactor (beta-2-glycoprotein I) induces experimental antiphospholipid syndrome in naive mice.
No full textBeta-2-GPI is a 50 kDa glycoprotein which is known to be a serum co-factor, with a role in determining the binding of pathogenic anticardiolipin antibodies to phospholipids. Immunization of naive mice with beta-2-GPI resulted in elevated levels of antibodies directed against negatively charged phospholipids (cardiolipin, phosphotidylserine, phosphatidylinositol). The presence of increased titres of antiphospholipid antibodies in the sera of the mice was later followed by prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombocytopenia, and when the mice were mated, by a high percentage of fetal resorptions in the uterus. These data point to the ability of beta-2-GPI to induce pathogenic anti-cardiolipin antibodies following active immunization
Repenser le Dégel
No full textL’histoire du dégel en URSS en 1953-1964 demeure très mal connue, car c’est seulement depuis peu que les archives de l’État soviétique et du Parti communiste ont commencé à s’ouvrir pour cette période et que l’attention des historiens était jusqu'à présent focalisée sur la période de Lénine et Staline. La déstalinisation qui fut proclamée au cours du XXe congrès du Parti en 1956 garde encore bien des mystères : quelles étaient les évolutions profondes à l’œuvre dans le pays, quelles furent les motivations conjoncturelles qui ont poussé les dirigeants soviétiques à prendre le risque de déstabiliser le système dont ils héritaient ? Mais l’histoire de cette période ne se réduit pas à cette partie la plus visible de l'histoire. Transformations sociales dans le contexte d’un attrait croissant pour le consumérisme et d’un relatif mieux-être, relations complexes entre l’histoire changeante, voire accidentée, des relations extérieures et la situation interne du pays, notamment au sein du parti communiste, transformations insidieuses, puis de plus en plus flagrantes dans les relations entre le centre et les périphéries, notamment non russes, renégociations du statut de la culture et des intellectuels, irruption des modes occidentales dans tous les domaines – autant de domaines nouveaux dans lesquels ce recueil, un des premiers dans le monde en l’espèce, ouvre des pistes prometteuses, toutes fondées sur des documentations inédites. « Père et fils, Leningrad, années 1960 ». Photo-étude de Boris Vasil’evič Utkin (1917-1999), ancien correspondant de LenTASS. CGA KFFD SPb/Archives centrales d'État des documents cinématographiques, photographiques, phonographiques de Saint-Pétersbourg
Anti-endothelial cell antibodies in patients with coronary atherosclerosis
No full textAnti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) have been shown to possess endothelial cell activation properties and to harbor pathogenic potential in experimental animal models of autoimmune systemic disorders. Atherosclerosis is a form of an inflammatory condition in which the immune system has been shown to be involved. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of AECA in patients with coronary atherosclerosis. A total of 134 patients admitted for chest pain of suspected anginal origin were evaluated for coronary artery atherosclerosis by angiography. Sera were drawn prior to the procedure for the determination of AECA employing cyto-ELISA. AECA positive sera were further evaluated for its ability to promote in vitro E-selectin expression by HUVEC using a cell-based ELISA. Patients with no coronary artery involvement had levels of AECA that did not differ from those obtained for patients with confirmed coronary atherosclerosis (one, two or three vessel disease). Furthermore, AECA positive sera from patients, with or without coronary atherosclerosis displayed similar capacity of inducing E-selectin expression by endothelial cells. AECA may not stand as an optimal mean of discriminating atherosclerotic from non-atherosclerotic patients. The ability of AECA to activate endothelial cells is also not unique to patients with atherosclerosis and is evident also in age-matched control subjects
Denis Kozlov; Elenory Gilburd (Hg.), The Thaw. Soviet Society and Culture During the 1950s and 1960s, University of Toronto 2013 [Rezension]
No full text
Profiles of criteria and non-criteria anti-phospholipid autoantibodies are associated with clinical phenotypes of the antiphospholipid syndrome
No full textSpecific anti-phospholipids antibodies (aPLs) are used as classification criteria of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). These aPLs, although essential for diagnosis, do not predict disease phenotypes, which may require specific therapies. Non-criteria aPLs are rarely evaluated and their role is yet to be defined. In the current study, we aimed to examine the association between criteria and non-criteria aPLs and APS phenotypes
Cellular and humoral immune responses to heat shock protein 65 are both involved in promoting fatty-streak formation in LDL-receptor deficient mice
No full textAbstractOBJECTIVESThis study was designed to determine the role of cellular and humoral immune responses to heat shock protein 65 (HSP65) in murine atherosclerosis.BACKGROUNDInflammatory processes appear to influence the progression of atherosclerosis. Immunization with HSP65 was previously shown to induce arteriosclerosis in rabbits and to enhance fatty-streak formation in mice. However, it has not been demonstrated directly whether HSP65-reactive antibodies and lymphocytes are separately capable of influencing lesion formation.METHODSLow density lipoprotein-receptor deficient (LDL-RD) mice were immunized with HSP65 or control bovine serum albumin (BSA). Lymph-node cells, splenocytes and immunoglobulin G (IgG) were obtained from the immunized mice and transferred separately to six groups of syngenic LDL-RD mice.RESULTSAdoptive transfer of HSP65-reactive lymph node cells increased fatty-streak formation in comparison with mice treated with BSA-primed cells. Similarly, transfer of splenocytes reactive with HSP65 led to enhanced fatty-streak generation compared with mice injected with BSA-sensitized splenocytes. Repeated intraperitoneal administration of IgG from serum of HSP65-immunized mice (every 10 days) enhanced fatty-streak formation in mice in comparison with their anti-BSA-IgG injected littermates.CONCLUSIONSAntibodies and lymphocytes reactive to HSP65 promote fatty-streak formation in mice, providing direct evidence for the proatherogenic properties of cellular and humoral immunity to HSP65
Oral tolerance with heat shock protein 65 attenuates mycobacterium tuberculosis-inducedand high-fat-diet-driven atherosclerotic lesions
No full textAbstractObjectivesThe goal of this study was to explore the efficacy of oral tolerance with heat shock protein (HSP) 65 in two apparently non-overlapping models of murine atherosclerosis.BackgroundAtherosclerosis is considered to be a chronic inflammatory process. Autoimmune mechanisms have been shown to influence atherogenesis in experimental animal models. Heat shock protein 65 is a candidate antigen thought to drive a proatherogenic immune-mediated response. Mucosal tolerance is a therapeutic means of accomplishing immune unresponsiveness toward a given antigen by feeding it before active induction of the disorder.MethodsLow-density lipoprotein receptor deficient mice were fed with different doses of HSP65 every other day for 10 days. Feeding with either bovine serum albumin (BSA) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) served as control. One day after the last feeding, mice were challenged either by immunization with heat killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis or by a high fat diet.ResultsLymphocyte reactivity from mice fed with HSP65 and immunized either against HSP65 or M. tuberculosis was significantly reduced in comparison with BSA-fed mice. Moreover, co-incubation of splenocytes—from mice with tolerance induced with HSP65 but not BSA—with HSP65-reactive lymphocytes resulted in the suppression of HSP65 reactivity by the latter cells. Interleukin-4 production by HSP65-fed and immunized mice was increased upon priming with respective protein. Early atherosclerosis was attenuated in HSP65-fed mice, compared with either BSA- or PBS-fed mice, regardless of the method employed to induce fatty streaks (M. tuberculosis immunization or high-fat diet).ConclusionsOral tolerance induced with HSP65 could prove to be a novel means of suppressing atherogenesis
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