146 research outputs found
New Modes of Governance in Europe: Policy Making without Legislating? IHS Political Science Series: 2002, No. 81
No full textThe article analyzes new modes of governance in Europe. Firstly, different types of new governance, the open coordination method and voluntary accords, and their individual elements are identified. The theoretical discussion about them points out the reasons of their emergence, their mode of operation and the links to the ‘classical’ forms of decision-making. Secondly the simple question of the relative importance of new modes of governance in European policy-making is raised. Looking at the policy measures from the beginning of 2000 until July 2001, the analysis found that only a minority of measures can be considered new modes of governance, defined in the above terms. A third question raised concerns political institutional capacity. Finally the question or instrumental capacity or effectiveness is raised
Open access self-archiving: An author study
No full textThis, our second author international, cross-disciplinary study on open access had 1296 respondents. Its focus was on self-archiving. Almost half (49%) of the respondent population have self-archived at least one article during the last three years. Use of institutional repositories for this purpose has doubled and usage has increased by almost 60% for subject-based repositories. Self-archiving activity is greatest amongst those who publish the largest number of papers. There is still a substantial proportion of authors unaware of the possibility of providing open access to their work by self-archiving. Of the authors who have not yet self-archived any articles, 71% remain unaware of the option. With 49% of the author population having self-archived in some way, this means that 36% of the total author population (71% of the remaining 51%), has not yet been appraised of this way of providing open access. Authors have frequently expressed reluctance to self-archive because of the perceived time required and possible technical difficulties in carrying out this activity, yet findings here show that only 20% of authors found some degree of difficulty with the first act of depositing an article in a repository, and that this dropped to 9% for subsequent deposits. Another author worry is about infringing agreed copyright agreements with publishers, yet only 10% of authors currently know of the SHERPA/RoMEO list of publisher permissions policies with respect to self-archiving, where clear guidance as to what a publisher permits is provided. Where it is not known if permission is required, however, authors are not seeking it and are self-archiving without it. Communicating their results to peers remains the primary reason for scholars publishing their work; in other words,
researchers publish to have an impact on their field. The vast majority of authors (81%) would willingly comply with a mandate from their employer or research funder to deposit copies of their articles in an institutional or subject-based repository. A further 13% would comply reluctantly; 5% would not comply with such a mandate
Poetry and the public: Adrienne Rich and activist communities
No full textUsing the work of Adrienne Rich as a lens, this dissertation examines three important intersections of poetry and the public in the U.S. since World War II: the postwar lyric, 1960s avant-garde and political poetry, and the intertwining of poetry and politics in second wave feminism. Framed by an evolving theory and history of public spheres, it reads Rich's poems in terms of how they address and respond to specific audiences. It considers how her early work is nurtured by and increasingly struggles with an elite postwar intellectual milieu. It then shows how her poems respond to the sixties avant garde and political communities especially the Black Mountain poets, the Black Arts Movement, and the antiwar movement. Finally, it examine how Rich situated her seventies poems materially and discursively in the emerging feminist movement and created a poetry that, rather than reflecting politics, became a form of political action and a catalyst for many of the movement's political and theoretical accomplishments. Drawing on extensive archival research, the dissertation reads selected poems as performances that engage, project, and are pressured by particular publics while it argues that Rich's seventies poems become political in ways that confound standard ideas about the relationship between poetry and politics.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Sally R. Sevci
Images of Self: A Study of Feminine and Feminist Subjectivity in the Poetry of Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, Margaret Atwood and Adrienne Rich, 1950-1980
No full textPhDThe thesis explores the poetry (and some prose) of Plath, Sexton,
Atwood and Rich in terms of the changing constructions of self-image
predicated upon the female role between approx. 1950-1980.1 am
particularly concerned with the question of how the discourses of
femininity and feminism contribute to the scope of the images of the
self which are presented.
The period was chosen because it involved significant upheaval and
change in terms of women's role and gender identity. The four poets'
work spans this period of change and appears to some extent generally
characteristic of its social, political and cultural contexts in America,
Britain and Canada. (Other poets' work, for example Rukeyser, Lorde,
Levertov, is included too. ) The poets were not chosen to illustrate a
pre-feminist vs. feminist opposition since a major concern is to explore
what I see to be the symbiotic relation between femininity and feminism
(as also between orthodoxy and heresy). However the thesis is organised
chronologically because periodisation is important for a consideration
of the poetry's social setting.
In wanting to connect the poetry with cultural and political
circumstances as much as possible I have taken Edward Said's assertion
of a text's position of 'being in the world', its potential as a cultural
product to help reshape reality, and its value as a 'powerful weapon of
both materialism and consciousness'. This is the starting point for the
study which is circular and cumulative in shape, fundamentally thematic,
though each chapter is a chronological exploration of the work of one
specific poet, beginning with Plath and completing with Rich. A
conclusion attempts to pull the strands of each together and consider
the implications raised.
The thesis has four general concerns which run through its particular
focus on each poet. The first involves the relations between cultural
practice and ideology; the second involves the ideology of gender
(through exploration of femininity and feminism); the third involves
authorial ideology (through the construction of self-image in relation to
femininity and feminism) while the fourth involves these concerns in
terms of the overall arena of women's struggle for meaning and selfdetermination
in cultural practice.
More specific elements of the study include collating and comparing
self-images and attempting to make connections or chart changes where
images such as witch, queen, handmaid, shamaness, goddess, earth mother,
whore, madwoman, etc., re-occur. Usage of myth (particularly Persephone).
the Gothic, 'and articulation of lesbian desire are also explored. The
emergence of a female 'hero' self-image, in opposition to 'victim', seems
to be a corollary of the impact
,
of feminism in Rich's poetry
particularly, but this tendency can be traced back through Plath. I
explore the celebration of nature and the power of essentialism in the
construction of heroic female images, particularly in the figure of the
mother flowing with milk at the centre of 'ecriture feminine'.
The concluding chapter suggests that femininity did not constitute
such a repressive constraint on self-image and writing practice for
women as perhaps might be supposed; and that feminism, while opening up
many empowering changes for women, has raised further disturbing and
unresolved questions about identity, and even helped, in some of its
aspects, to create a new 'orthodoxy' in which various aspects of
experience cannot easily be articulated. My example is Rich's later work
where it seems to admit itself limited by its own initially liberating
strategies and looks further on towards new 'heresies.
Black feminist aesthetics and cosmopolitanism, 1920s-present: Narratives of postcolonial Bildungsroman
No full textBlack American cosmopolitan artists, writers, and performers enjoy a strong, yet underappreciated, history dating back to the nineteenth century. This case study seeks to shed light on the recent history of twentieth-century black feminist narratives of artists and performers, living out a cosmopolitan existence in a transnational and postcolonial context, in France, Italy, England, and Mexico. Although living outside of the U.S. in pursuit of racial equality and economic opportunity, each woman uses artistic expression to critically engage the notion of American citizenship, negatively impacted by Jim Crow segregation laws and institutional racism more generally. By employing an intersectional analysis of black women’s narratives, I provide insight into black women’s diverse, yet also similar, set of experiences, all the while highlighting common themes related to liminal U.S. citizenship, including trauma and resilience.
From the narratives that comprise this case study, I craft a unique approach to transformative learning that incorporates the humanist literary genre of the Bildungsroman, or novel of self-formation. However, given the focus on traditionally marginalized black female subjects, I broaden a historically narrow usage of the genre to include feminist and postcolonial frameworks. From this revised understanding of the genre, then, I examine themes of black feminist self-becoming, or growth rooted in black women’s self-healing, expression, and resilience informed by the works of bell hooks, Audre Lorde, and others.
Significantly, this case study of black feminist postcolonial narratives makes theoretical contributions to the fields of black feminist studies and transformative learning. The intended outcome of this research for black feminist studies is to materialize an intersectional analysis of self-becoming, cosmopolitanism, American citizenship, creative and expressive output, and self-determination. The intended outcome of this research for transformative learning, which historically privileges Western epistemological perspectives on ethics and self-development, is to broaden current perspectives on the processes of transformation, rooted in black feminist narratives of being and becoming.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Adrienne Pickett, accepted the attached license on 2020-05-01 at 15:11.The student, Adrienne Pickett, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-05-01 at 15:18.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-05-06 at 08:01.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14683 on 2020-08-25 at 17:38:02Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-27T00:46:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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On the contribution of demographic change to aggregate poverty measures for the developing world
No full textRecent literature and new data help determine plausible bounds to some key demographic differences between the poor and non-poor in the developing world. The author estimates that selective mortality-whereby poorer people tend to have higher death rates-accounts for 10-30 percent of the developing world's trend rate of"$1 a day"poverty reduction in the 1990s. However, in a neighborhood of plausible estimates, differential fertility-whereby poorer people tend also to have higher birth rates-has had a more than offsetting poverty-increasing effect. The net impact of differential natural population growth represents 10-50 percent of the trend rate of poverty reduction.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Services&Transfers to Poor,Safety Nets and Transfers,Rural Poverty Reduction,Health Indicators
The cave: A search for the mother’s story in narrative literature
No full textThe mother’s voice is underrepresented in literature. The mother has been a silent figure, always present, often near, featuring in the story of another, but rarely the focus of the story. She has been spoken for, about and around, but rarely empowered to speak for herself.
In this thesis I argue that the mother’s story, in narrative fiction and memoir, should be available, and culturally valued. Since the diversity of women’s experiences of mothering cannot be explained by any single theory or ideology, narrative may articulate the complexities and ambiguities experienced in motherhood in ways that scholarly discourses do not always allow.
This thesis includes a creative component—a collection of related fictional stories narrated by one mother, and entitled “The Cave”. Adopting the concept of the cave, as a metaphor for the transformative potential of mothering, the fiction draws on the mundane, everyday experiences of a life that is centred on caring for children. The exegesis that follows is based on three approaches to mothering narratives: their research, reading and writing. It explores the emergence of the mother’s story within theoretical discourses around motherhood, and its more recent appearances in fiction and non-fiction narratives. It suggests reasons for the absence of the mother’s subjective voice, argues that women have been disadvantaged by this silence, and seeks new possibilities for representing the complexity of mothering experiences
Institution of a mindfulness program to improve nurse anesthesia students' self-efficacy, coping skills, and stress management
No full textPurpose of Project: Research shows that student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNA) are exposed to harmful levels of stress during nurse anesthesia programs. Stress has negative physical and psychological effects that impacts a SRNAs self-efficacy and coping skills in the didactic and clinical settings. Literature shows that the implementation of mindfulness techniques in other student populations has been successful in resisting stress’ negative effects. This prospective, qualitative, pilot study was done to ascertain if the application of a mindfulness program will have a beneficial effect on SRNA self-efficacy, coping skills, and stress.
Methodology: Second year SRNAs’ (n = 22) baseline levels of self-efficacy, mindfulness, and stress were measured using adapted versions of the General Self- Efficacy Scale (GSE), Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The mindfulness program was implemented. It comprised of a lecture about mindfulness and was followed by practicing its’ various techniques. Post- and post post-intervention surveys were completed by participants immediately after the program and 2 months afterwards.
Results: Bivariate analysis was done using the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare pre- with post- and pre- with post post-intervention surveys. Post- and post post- GSE, CAMS-R scores increased, while PSS decreased. Results showed pre- with post- and pre- with post post- intervention scores for CAMS-R and PSS to be statistically significant (p 0.05) as not statistically significant.
Implications for Practice: Results support that the implementation of a mindfulness program has beneficial effects for SRNAs especially with the improvement of mindfulness and stress.DNPIncludes bibliographical reference
Institution of a mindfulness program to improve nurse anesthesia students' self-efficacy, coping skills, and stress management
No full textPurpose: Research shows that student registered nurse anesthetists (SRNA) are exposed to harmful levels of stress during nurse anesthesia programs. Stress has negative physical and psychological effects that impact an SRNAs self-efficacy and coping skills in the didactic and clinical settings. Literature shows that the implementation of mindfulness techniques in other student populations has been successful in resisting stress’ negative effects. This prospective, qualitative, pilot study was done to ascertain if the application of a mindfulness program will have a beneficial effect on SRNA self-efficacy, coping skills, and stress. Second-year SRNAs’ (n = 22) baseline levels of self-efficacy, mindfulness, and stress were measured using adapted versions of the General Self- Efficacy Scale (GSE), Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS).
Methodology: The mindfulness program was implemented. It comprised of a lecture about mindfulness and was followed by practicing its’ various techniques. Post- and post-post-intervention surveys were completed by participants immediately after the program and 2 months afterward. Bivariate analysis was done using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre- with post- and pre- with post-post-intervention surveys. Post- and post post- GSE, CAMS-R scores increased, while PSS decreased.
Results: Results showed pre- with post- and pre- with post post- intervention scores for CAMS-R and PSS to be statistically significant (p 0.05) as not statistically significant.
Implications for Practice: Results support that the implementation of a mindfulness program has beneficial effects for SRNAs especially with the improvement of mindfulness and stress.DNPIncludes bibliographical reference
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