55,520 research outputs found
Ki-67 is a PP1-interacting protein that organises the mitotic chromosome periphery
No full textCopyright @ 2014 Booth et al. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.When the nucleolus disassembles during open mitosis, many nucleolar proteins and RNAs associate with chromosomes, establishing a perichromosomal compartment coating the chromosome periphery. At present nothing is known about the function of this poorly characterised compartment. In this study, we report that the nucleolar protein Ki-67 is required for the assembly of the perichromosomal compartment in human cells. Ki-67 is a cell-cycle regulated protein phosphatase 1-binding protein that is involved in phospho-regulation of the nucleolar protein B23/nucleophosmin. Following siRNA depletion of Ki-67, NIFK, B23, nucleolin, and four novel chromosome periphery proteins all fail to associate with the periphery of human chromosomes. Correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM) images suggest a near-complete loss of the entire perichromosomal compartment. Mitotic chromosome condensation and intrinsic structure appear normal in the absence of the perichromosomal compartment but significant differences in nucleolar reassembly and nuclear organisation are observed in post-mitotic cells
C-testable modified-booth multipliers
No full textIn this paper the testability of modified-Booth array multipliers for standard cells based design environments is examined for first time. In such cases the structure of the cells may be unknown, thus Cell Fault Model (CFM) is adopted. Two C-testable designs are proposed. A design for an N-x x N-y. bits modified-Booth multiplier, which uses ripple carry addition at the last stage of the multiplication, is first proposed. The design requires the addition of only one extra primary input and 38 test vectors with respect to CFM. A second C-testable design is given using carry lookahead addition at the last stage which is the case of practical implementations of modified-Booth multipliers. Such a C-testable design using carry lookahead addition is for first time proposed in the open literature. This second design requires the addition of 4 extra primary inputs. One-level and two-levels carry lookahead adders, are considered. The C-testable design requires 61 test vectors for the former and 73 test vectors for the latter, respectively. The hardware and delay overheads imposed by both C-testable designs are very small and decrease when the size of the multiplier increases
Booth A., Crouter A. C, Landale N. — Immigration and the Family, Research and Policy on U.S. Immigrants.
No full textRallu Jean-Louis. Booth A., Crouter A. C, Landale N. — Immigration and the Family, Research and Policy on U.S. Immigrants.. In: Population, 53ᵉ année, n°4, 1998. pp. 881-882
Booth A., Crouter A. C, Landale N. — Immigration and the Family, Research and Policy on U.S. Immigrants.
No full textRallu Jean-Louis. Booth A., Crouter A. C, Landale N. — Immigration and the Family, Research and Policy on U.S. Immigrants.. In: Population, 53ᵉ année, n°4, 1998. pp. 881-882
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Neodeightonia C. Booth 1970
No full textNeodeightonia C. Booth, in Punithalingam, Mycol. Pap. 119: 17 (1970) [1969] Index Fungorum number: IF 3450; Facesoffungi number: FoF 07627 Neodeightonia was introduced by Booth (Punithalingam 1969), with N. subglobosa as the type species. However, Arx & Müller (1975) synonymized Neodeightonia under Botryosphaeria. Later, Phillips et al. (2008) distinguished this genus from Botryosphaeria based on morphological and phylogenetic data and accepted Neodeightonia as a separate genus in Botryosphaeriaceae. This genus is characterized by hyaline, aseptate ascospores with polar apiculi, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. In the asexual morph, initially hyaline conidia become brown and 1-septate at maturity with smooth to finely roughened walls or with fine striations and this is unique to the genus Neodeightonia (Phillips et al. 2008, 2013, Konta et al. 2016, Liu et al. 2012). Eleven Neodeightonia species are listed in Index Fungorum (2022).Published as part of Rathnayaka, Achala R., Chethana, K. W. Thilini, Phillips, Alan J. L. & Jones, E. B. Gareth, 2022, Two new species of Botryosphaeriaceae (Botryosphaeriales) and new host / geographical records, pp. 8-38 in Phytotaxa 564 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/707777
Rules, discretion and local responsibility : development control case studies in the urban community of Lyon.
No full textThe research presented in this thesis rests on the premise that the administrative and legal systems of France have a critical bearing on the way that decisions on applications for permissions to build are taken, and the nature of the
decisions themselves. In the knowledge that the French system of law offered a legalistic, regulatory franiework for planning policy and policy implementation, four
specific questions are posed: firstly about the relationship of plans to development control decisions; secondly about the effects of the system on applicants; thirdly about the possibilities for third parties to be involved in, and seek redress from, development control decisions and fourthly about the effects of the decentralisation of development control powers that has taken place since 1983. These questions are then located within a broader discussion of discretion, accountability and the management of uncertainty. The theoretical discussion of the first chapter paves the way for a more detailed presentation of the nature and origins of French local administration and French planning law and procedure which in turn lead to a case study of the 55 communes of the Urban Community of Lyon and eight studies of development control applications which are explored through an examination of the case file documents and interviews with participants. Two sets of conclusions are drawn from the study. The first set concerns the
effects of a legalised system on the making and implementation of planning policy. The first conclusion is that the legalistic approach of the French planning system
appears to create serious difficulties for finding an appropriate expression for policy. In part the problem is shown to be as much a question of ethos as of what is really
possible under the law, amid some examples of practice in Lyon show how flexibility is still possible even within a legalised system. The second conclusion is that once the
rules are departed from, the system offers no alternative means of testing policy in its specific application, although the use of non-statutory consultation meetings in Lyon has gone some way to meeting the problem. The third is that the pattern of zoning and regulations does not appear to help the maintenance of a planning strategy. The fourth is that a legalised system does not promote certainty for either administrators or applicants. The fifth is that a legalised system does not permit third parties to participate in the decision-making and ensures that objections are seen mainly as being about property values.
The second set of conclusions has to do with the question of the power to decide and the accountability of decision-makers. The first is that the legalised system, while offering potential for agency discretion, nevertheless appears to favour officer discretion which on the evidence of the case studies is rife. While offering mayors the possibility of tactical power, it appears to reduce the accountability for decisions taken. Moreover, the control of the legality of decisions is dependent equally upon the discretion of the prefect. The second is that the pattern of crossregulation within the French system of local government has ensured the continuity of dependencies between the principal actors in the planning system. The final
conclusion is that decentralisation has had relatively little effect on the balance of power. In the Lyon conurbation, COURLY would appear to be the principal
beneficiary of the new powers, which would suggest that more power will be concentrated in future at the local level, but that the power will not be any more susceptible to control by the electorate
Linear-testable and C-testable N(x)xN(y) modified booth multipliers
No full textThe testability of modified Booth multipliers is examined with respect to the cell fault model, an implementation-independent fault model. This is especially useful in design environments where the cell realisations are unknown. First, a linear-testable multiplier is proposed which can be tested with 2N(x) inverted righ perpendicular Ny/2 inverted left perpendicular + 40 test vectors and requires only one extra primary input. Zero delay overhead and negligible hardware overhead is imposed. Then, a C-testable multiplier is proposed which can be tested with 70 test vectors and requires only two extra primary inputs. Both the hardware and delay overheads are very small and decrease rapidly with increasing N-x or N-y. The linear-testable design is superior to the C-testable one, for small multipliers since it requires less test vectors in addition to the much smaller hardware overhead and zero delay overhead it imposes. For larger multipliers there is a trade-off between the number of test vectors, which is smaller for the C-testable design, and the overheads, which are smaller for the linear-testable design
Integrase variability and susceptibility to HIV integrase inhibitors: impact of subtypes, antiretroviral experience and duration of HIV infection
No full textBackground: Little is known about the extent and predictors of polymorphisms potentially influencing the susceptibility to HIV integrase inhibitors (INIs). Methods: Genetic sequences of HIV integrase were obtained from INI-naive patients at two European clinics. The 39 amino acid changes at 29 integrase positions so far associated with INI resistance were examined according to HIV clade, prior antiretroviral exposure and duration of HIV infection. Results: Integrase sequences were obtained from 418 patients, 294 (70.3%) infected with clade B and 124 (29.7%) infected with non-B variants (predominantly CRF02, A, C and D). Overall, 40% of patients were antiretroviral experienced and 32.8% were recent seroconverters. The most prevalent INI resistance-associated mutations were V72I (63.9%), V201I (54.8%), T206S (25.4%), I203M (9.8%) and K156N (7.4%). Major INI resistance mutations at positions 66, 92, 143, 148 and 155 were not detected. The mean number of polymorphic sites was greater in non-B than in B variants (2.17 versus 1.59; P,<.001), and in antiretroviral-experienced than in drug-naive patients (1.89 versus 1.68; P=0.034), whereas no significant differences were seen comparing recent seroconverters and chronically infected persons. Conclusions: Major INI resistance-associated mutations are very rare, if indeed ever present, in INI-naive patients. However, polymorphisms at positions which may influence the genetic barrier and/or drive the selection of specific INI resistance pathways are common, especially in HIV non-B subtype
Double stacked superconducting junctions for investigating the proximity effect in Nb/Al bilayers
No full textExperimental investigations on the proximity effect in Nb/Al bilayers by using Nb/AlOy/Nb/Al/AlxOy/Nb structures with different Al thickness are reported. Three-terminal stacked devices were fabricated by using a new process based on a whole-wafer deposition of the multilayer without any vacuum breaking in order to ensure a high control of the interfaces. The quasiparticle density of states at both sides of the bilayer and the effective interface coupling parameters were obtained by a deconvolution of the I-V data. They were compared with numerical calculations based on the microscopic model proposed by Golubov et al. [Phys. Rev. B 51 (1995) 1073] for the proximity effect in spatially inhomogeneous bilayers. The investigation has been also performed in the presence of steady-state injection at different quasiparticle energies. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
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