198,858 research outputs found
Reemployment Incentives for Unemployment Insurance Beneficiaries: Results from the Washington Reemployment Bonus Experiment
No full textUnemployment insurance is intended to reduce hardship by providing labor force members with partial wage replacement during periods of involuntary unemployment. However, in performing this income maintenance function, unemployment insurance may prolong spells of unemployment. Evidence from a field experiment conducted in Illinois in 1984 suggested that offering unemployment insurance claimants a modest cash bonus for rapid reemployment would increase the speed of return to work and reduce program costs. In 1988 a similar experiment, examining several different bonus offers, was conducted in Washington State. Evidence from the Washington experiment indicates that bonus offers do change job seeking behavior, but that only relatively generous bonus offers about six times the weekly benefit amount should be expected to significantly change the behavior of persons eligible for unemployment benefits.unemployment, insurance, bonus, experiment, Washington, O'Leary
On the Evaluation of the Asymptotic Fairness of Bonus-Malus Systems
No full textIn this paper we try to evaluate the asymptotic fairness of bonus-malus systems, assuming the simplest case when there is no hunger for bonus.The asymptotic fairness has to be understood as the bonus-malus systemability in assessing the individual risks in the long run (see Lemaire[1995] p.xvi). Firstly we de…ne the asymptotic fairness of a bonus-malussystem following an expression that can be found in Lemaire [1985] p.168. Secondly, we de…ne a measure of the global asymptotic fairness considering the structure function of the risk group. Finally we try to calculate, for each set of transition rules and a given structure function,the scale of premiums that brings the global asymptotic fairness closest to the ideal situation where each insured pays in the long run a premium corresponding to its own claim frequency. This is possible thanks to the application of a multiobjective optimization technique named Goal Programing. We give an example illustrating the fact that the ideal case could be fairly well approached.
Unemployment Insurance and Unemployment: Implications of the Reemployment Bonus Experiments
No full textWe translate the results of the three reemployment bonus experiments that were conducted during the 1980s into (a) impacts of a 10-percentage point increase in the Unemployment Insurance (UI) replacement rate on the expected duration of unemployment; and (b) impacts of adding 1 week to the potential duration of UI benefits on the expected duration of unemployment. Our approach is to use an equilibrium search and matching model, calibrated using data from the bonus experiments and secondary sources. The results suggest that a 10-percentage point increase in the UI replacement rate increases the expected duration of unemployment by .3 to 1.1 week (a range consistent with, but only somewhat narrower than, the existing range of estimates), and that adding 1 week to the potential duration of UI benefits increases the expected duration of unemployment by .05 to .2 week (which is toward the low end of existing estimates).unemployment, insurance, bonus, experiments, Davidson, Woodbury
carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules: first release of instructor training bonus modules
No full text<p>This is a release ahead of the lesson transition to use The Workbench</p>
What's Changed
<ul>
<li>Seed files for online workshops modules by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/1">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/1</a></li>
<li>removing some colloquial language [WIP] by @ErinBecker in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/6">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/6</a></li>
<li>minor changes to cloud instructions by @ErinBecker in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/2">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/2</a></li>
<li>minor-wording-suggestions by @ErinBecker in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/3">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/3</a></li>
<li>Editing for accessibility by @serahkiburu in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/7">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/7</a></li>
<li>Karenword trimming by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/8">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/8</a></li>
<li>Update 01-online-workshops-module-1.md by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/10">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/10</a></li>
<li>second half updates by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/11">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/11</a></li>
<li>Added "Session" to some of the activity labels by @MikeTrizna in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/12">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/12</a></li>
<li>Update 01-online-workshops-module-1.md by @mikemhenry in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/13">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/13</a></li>
<li>Small edits to zoom and activity 1 by @sstevens2 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/15">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/15</a></li>
<li>Edits to bulleted list by @sstevens2 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/17">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/17</a></li>
<li>Update bonus_module_calendar.md by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/22">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/22</a></li>
<li>Removing template episode by @sstevens2 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/21">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/21</a></li>
<li>Update bonus_module_calendar.md by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/23">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/23</a></li>
<li>Adding link for scaffolds repo by @sstevens2 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/26">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/26</a></li>
<li>Removed duplicate word by @dvanic in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/33">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/33</a></li>
<li>Added 2021 Q2 events by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/34">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/34</a></li>
<li>Placed binders and instances into a callout by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/32">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/32</a></li>
<li>Add wrap-up text by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/37">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/37</a></li>
<li>Remove some expository text for time by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/39">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/39</a></li>
<li>Removing some expository text for time by @klbarnes20 in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/38">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/38</a></li>
<li>Add Zoom versioning caveats by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/36">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/36</a></li>
<li>Update Zoom info by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/41">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/41</a></li>
<li>Make Activity 1 more prescriptive by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/40">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/40</a></li>
<li>Add parenthetical to screen sharing by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/42">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/42</a></li>
<li>fix image link by @zkamvar in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/46">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/46</a></li>
<li>Correct times for May 14 in bonus_module_calendar.md by @alex-ball in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/48">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/48</a></li>
<li>Updated hyperlink to Etherpad Template by @elletjies in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/50">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/50</a></li>
<li>Updated spelling of smoothly by @elletjies in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/49">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/49</a></li>
<li>Update to final version of styles lesson template by @tobyhodges in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/53">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/53</a></li>
<li>add .zenodo.json file for lesson release by @tobyhodges in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/54">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/54</a></li>
<li>Add nicknames to Activity 1 by @karenword in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/45">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/45</a></li>
<li>added alt text by @brynnelliott in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/52">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/52</a></li>
</ul>
New Contributors
<ul>
<li>@karenword made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/1">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/1</a></li>
<li>@ErinBecker made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/6">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/6</a></li>
<li>@serahkiburu made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/7">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/7</a></li>
<li>@klbarnes20 made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/10">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/10</a></li>
<li>@MikeTrizna made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/12">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/12</a></li>
<li>@mikemhenry made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/13">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/13</a></li>
<li>@sstevens2 made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/15">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/15</a></li>
<li>@dvanic made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/33">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/33</a></li>
<li>@zkamvar made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/46">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/46</a></li>
<li>@alex-ball made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/48">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/48</a></li>
<li>@elletjies made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/50">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/50</a></li>
<li>@tobyhodges made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/53">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/53</a></li>
<li>@brynnelliott made their first contribution in <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/52">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/pull/52</a></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Full Changelog</strong>: <a href="https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/compare/v9.5.3...2023.04">https://github.com/carpentries/instructor-training-bonus-modules/compare/v9.5.3...2023.04</a></p>
Bonus, effort, costs, market size and teams' performance
No full textThis paper examines the effects of a win bonus, effort, costs and team size, on the demand for talented players, the win percentage and the profits of small and big teams. Teams play a Cournot game, under the following objective functions: (i) teams maximize profits, (ii) teams maximize win percentage, (iii) the small team maximizes profit and the big win percentage, and (iv) vice versa. The effects are based on a priori selected parameter values and bounds, as well as from optimal solutions of non-linear programs, by maximizing anyone of the four win percentage formulae, derived from the respective Cournot reaction functions.Teams; talents; effort; win bonus; win percentage; competitive balance; profits
A re-appraisal of the fertility response to the Australian baby bonus
No full textThe Australian baby bonus offering parents 39000 per extra child.Fertility Rate, Time Series, baby bonus
Do Households Smooth Expenditure over Anticipated Income Changes? Evidence from Bonus Payments to Public Employees in Japan
No full textThis paper provides new evidence of consumers’ reaction to an anticipated sizable change in income. Until FY2002, Japanese public employees received predictable large bonus payments three times a fiscal year (in June, December, and March), but the March bonus was abolished in FY2003. We compare the seasonal patterns of public employees’ expenditure before and after the reform of the bonus payment schedule. Contrary to the prediction of the life cycle/permanent income hypothesis (LC/PIH), we find evidence that monthly patterns of household expenditure were significantly affected by the anticipated large change in income pattern. However, at closer inspection, this excess sensitivity of expenditure is observed only for expenditure subcategories of some durability, i.e., durables and semi-durables. Thus, while the LC/PIH does not appear to hold for expenditure (which we observe here), it may still hold for consumption.Life cycle/permanent income hypothesis, excess sensitivity, bonus payments, Family Income and Expenditure Survey, Japan
On the valuation and incentive effects of executive cash bonus contracts
No full textExecutive compensation packages are often valued in an inconsistent manner: while employee stock options (ESOs) are typically valued ex-ante, cash bonuses are valued ex-post. This renders the existing valuation models of employee compensation packages theoretically unsatisfactory and, potentially, empirically distortive. In this paper, we propose an option-based framework for ex-ante valuation of cash bonus contracts. After obtaining closed-form expressions for ex-ante values of several frequently used types of bonus contracts, we utilize them to explore the e¤ects that the shape of a bonus contract has on the executive’s attitude toward risk-taking. We, also, study pay-performance sensitivity of such contracts. We show that the terms of a bonus contract can dramatically impact both risk-taking behavior as well as pay-performance incentives. Several testable predictions are made, and venues of future research outlined.Executive compensation, cash bonus, incentives, risk-taking behavior
The Pennsylvania Reemployment Bonus Experiments: How a survival model helps in the analysis of the data
No full textSurvival models for life-time data and other time-to-event data are widely used in many fields, including medicine, the environmental sciences, engineering etc. They have also found recognition in the analysis of economic duration data. This paper provides a reanalysis of the Pennsylvania Reemployment Bonus Experiments, which were conducted in 1988-89 to examine the effect of different types of reemployment bonus offers on the unemployment spell. A Cox-proportional-hazards survival-model is fitted to the data and the results are compared to the results of a linear regression approach and to the results of a quantile regression approach. The Cox-proportional-hazards model provides for a remarkable goodness of fit and yields less effective treatment responses, therefore lower expectations concerning the overall implications of the Pennsylvania experiment. An influence analysis is proposed for obtaining qualitative information on the influence of the covariates at different quantiles. The results of the quantile regression and of the influence analysis show that both the linear regression and the Cox-model still impose stringent restrictions on the way covariates influence the duration distribution, however, due to its flexibility, the Cox-proportional hazards model is more appropriate for analysing the data.
Asymmetric information, self-selection and pricing of insurance contracts: the simple no-claims case
No full textThis article presents an optional bonus-malus contract based on a priori risk classification of the underlying insurance contract. By inducing self-selection, the purchase of the bonus-malus contract can be used as a screening device. This gives an even better pricing performance than both an experience rating scheme and a classical no-claims bonus system. An application to the Danish automobile insurance market is considered
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