888 research outputs found
An Analysis of Scientific Requirements on Artificial Intelligence Governance
No full textThe emergence of AI technology has prompted the need for standardization and governance due to the potential societal risks associated with its use. However, there is currently no common concept for AI standardization, that considers a broad range of social and ethical subject areas. International cooperation is necessary to address the possible threats, and various nations and organizations have already made initial efforts in this direction. Our overall research question investigates, to what extent requirements based on scientific insights have been addressed in international standards and what new insights standardization efforts can offer to science. In this paper we report the findings of an extensive systematic literature review of 482 scientific articles, using a hybrid analysis process combining manual coding with generative AI supported triangulation steps. The resulting 17 requirements will be used as a basis for a thematic analysis of the most relevant AI standards currently being developed and deployed globally
The modernist angel: Art at the Limits of the Human in D. H. Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy
No full textPhDThe subject of this thesis is a figure that might provisionally be called the *modemist
angel'. Focusing on modernist literature, and more particularly on the work of D. H.
Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy, it aims to isolate from the many angels found in all periods
and all types of art a historically specific and intellectually coherent paradigm: an angel of
and for its modernist times. A figure of precisely this type could be said to exist in the
form of Walter Benjamin's 'angel of history'. Critics who address the question of the
modern angel in texts by Franz Kafka and Rainer Maria Rilke often do so in conjunction
with the problem posed by the angel of history. Beginning with a chapter on Benjamin,
this thesis nevertheless follows a different trajectory. Over five chapters, it explores a
modernist landscape formed not only by Lawrence, H. D. and Loy, but also by European
and American writers such as A. R. Orage, Allen Upward, Ezra Pound, Wallace Stevens,
Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche. Although the
angel that emerges from this investigation might, in some respects, be said to anticipate
Benjamin's later version, this figure is also very different, standing for a project that is
distinctively, and recognisably, modernist in nature. He/she (the sex of the modernist
angel is often open to question) represents an attempt to reconcile the divine
responsibilities of the artist with the material and gendered conditions of being,
specifically of being human, in the modem world. This thesis looks again at the clash of
intellectual paradigms in the early-twentieth century - notably, the confrontation of the
Romantic view of art as a superhuman or sacred undertaking with the psychoanalytical or
evolutionary idea that all human endeavour is underpinned by sub-human motives - and
suggests the angel as a new and instructive figure through which to think the perilous
limits between the human and the divine in modernist literature
My Darling, My Reason
No full textBook [27] p. : ill. (some col.), photos ; 18 x 25 cm.'Jan. 2, 2006'--Colophon. 'Roger D.N.' is presented as a co-author on the t.p. 'The letters came to [Morin] with no knowledge of the author or the relationship with his wife. This book has evolved over time from the original intention of a photo album to that of a book which presents the possible thoughts of Roger D.N., who wrote to his wife faithfully while a sailor during World War II'--Colophon. Contains stamps and photos mounted throughout. 'An edition of 48, numbered with the appropriate ration stamp'--Colophon. 'The type is newly cast 20th Century Light by M & H Foundry and Composition'--Colophon. 'The substrate is gelatin-sized Hahnemuhle watercolor paper. The photographs ... have never been published and are part of my large collection of such images of sailors. They are editioned using an archival inkjet process on Kodak Ultima paper.'--Colophon.Consists of photos on one page, with text on the facing pages. Text includes original letters of Roger D.N. to his wife, as well as Morin's 'interpretations,' which have Roger D.N. questioning his sexuality
Customer Perceptions of In-Store Identification
No full textCustomer identification is essential for all businesses; however, brick-and-mortar (B&M) retailers often face challenges capturing shopping behaviors in physical stores where customers are not accustomed to being identified, especially outside checkout. Nevertheless, B&M retailers are increasingly pressured to improve their identification and data collection methods to stay competitive with online retailers. Additionally, businesses are under pressure to incorporate digital elements into physical environments to keep them engaging and inspiring for the increasingly digitized customers. Hence, this study describes customer perceptions of in-store identification, focusing on B&M store entry and checkout-related identification. The data were collected from interviews with 18 customers of two Finnish B&M retailers. The findings show that while generally viewed positively, there is some reluctance towards identification initiatives. Customers cautiously accept entrance- and in-store identification, yet there are challenges in grasping the associated benefits. Additionally, concerns about privacy infringement and the extent of tracking were identified. While commonplace, checkout identification raises privacy concerns, highlighting the importance of nimble and discreet processes and preserving anonymity.peerReviewe
Higher Education Student's Self-Efficacy Beliefs During and Post Pandemic: an Explorative Learning Analytics Study
No full textThe COVID-19 era massively accelerated digitalization of higher education and afterwards higher education institutions have partially reverted to their pre-pandemic modes of operation. In this study, we applied learning analytics to gain understanding of higher education students' experiences. We analyzed data on their self-efficacy beliefs and teamwork experiences. Data from 654 students were collected from two temporally distinct, identical courses, first at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in fall 2020 and then after lockdowns ended in 2023. Our findings reveal a significant increase in self-efficacy post-pandemic, indicating that pandemic period may have influenced higher education students' self-efficacy beliefs. A moderately positive relationship between the students' self-efficacy and their self-assessed team contributions was found. These insights deepen understanding of higher education students' study experiences and support the development of evidence-based educational practices applying learning analytics. The results highlight the need for higher education institutions to consider the development of students' self-efficacy when designing collaborative learning processes, as supporting self-efficacy improves the study experience and presumably has an impact on teamwork.peerReviewe
Inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase isoforms by pyridoxal phosphate
No full textMammalian isoforms of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC-1 and ACC-2) play important roles in synthesis, elongation, and oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, and the possible significance of ACC in the development of obesity has led to interest in the development of inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) is a linear and reversible inhibitor of ACC-1 and ACC-2. ACC from rat liver and white adipose tissue (largely ACC-1) exhibited an IC50 of ∼200 μM, whereas ACC-2 from heart or skeletal muscle exhibited an IC50 exceeding 500 μM. ACC from rat liver was equally sensitive to PLP following extensive purification by avidin affinity chromatography. When added before citrate, PLP inhibited ACC with a Ki of ∼100 μM, reducing maximal activity >90% and increasing the Ka for citrate ∼5-fold but having little effect on substrate Km values. Pre-treatment with citrate increased the apparent Ki for ACC inhibition by PLP by ∼4-fold. Inhibition of ACC was reversed by removal of PLP, either by washing or by reaction with hydroxylamine or amino-oxyacetate. ACC was irreversibly inhibited and radiolabeled, to a stoichiometry of ∼0.4 mol[H]/mol subunit, in the presence of PLP plus [³H]borohydride. Studies with structurally related compounds demonstrated that the reactive aldehyde and negatively charged substituents of PLP contribute importantly to ACC inhibition. The studies reported here suggest a rationale to develop ACC inhibitors that are not structurally related to the substrates or products of the reaction and an approach to probe the citrate-binding site of the enzyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]Peer reviewedfinal article publishe
Analysis of FBG reflection spectra under uniform and non-uniform transverse loads
Get PDFLoads applied transversely on the external surface of waveguides change their circular cross-sectional geometry generating
birefringence. Due to this effect the reflected spectrum of a Fibre Bragg grating (FBG) undergoes a splitting of the single
peak of the Bragg wavelength. In this work, we employed the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM) for x- and y-polarized
wave-modes to model the uniform FBG reflection spectra for uniform and non-uniform transverse loads. We also
performed experimental measurements for two different transverse load scenarios. The load profiles chosen for these
experiments were applied on the FBG sensor through a block of steel and a roll bearing pin. Then, the modelled and
experimental results were compared resulting in good agreement of 85% (on average). Finally, during the roll bearing pin
loading test, different responses were observed depending how the FBGs were surface mounted. To investigate this, the
glue layer influence on the reflected spectrum was further studied experimentally
The Democratic State
Get PDFRoger Benjamin was president of the Council for Aid to Education (CAE) from 2005 to 2019 and was formerly provost of the University of Minnesota and the University of Pittsburgh. He has authored, coauthored, or co-edited nine books, including The Democratic Purposes of Education and The New Limits of Education Policy: Avoiding a Tragedy of the Commons.
Stephen L. Elkin is professor emeritus of government and politics at the University of Maryland and founding editor of the journal The Good Society. He is the author or editor of seven books, including Reconstructing the Commercial Republic: Constitutional Design after Madison.This Kansas Open Books title is funded by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program.Edited by Roger Benjamin and Stephen L. Elkin. Contributors include Peter H. Aranson, Roger Benjamin, David Braybrooke, Stephen L. Elkin, Norman Furniss, and Peter C. Ordeshook.One outcome of the declining economic growth and rising political conflict of the 1980s has been a renewed interest in political theory and increased questioning about the durability of the capitalist state. More and more political scientists are critically assessing the prevailing pluralist vision of the relationships between the state and the economy. Is the capitalist state able to adjust to crises and contradictions? What is the role of the state in changing—deteriorating—economic circumstances? How should we understand competing interpretations on the relative autonomy of the state, the nature of property rights, the legitimation crisis?
This collection of five original essays by seven of the best-known political-economy theorists addresses the interconnections between the economy and the polity and embodies the leading theoretical approaches to the political economy of the state
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