1,720,993 research outputs found
Problematiche di Distributed Knowledge Management nel mondo B2B
Full text linkIn questo documento, partendo dall'approccio teorico al problema dell'eterogeneità semantica sviluppato nell'ambito del progetto Edamok, si cercherà di spiegare come tale approccio possa essere declinato in una reale soluzione al problema della comunicazione nel campo del commercio elettronico, in particolare nel mondo del Business-to-Business. I primi paragrafi saranno dedicati alla descrizione del mondo B2B nei suoi diversi aspetti mentre di seguito, illustreremo il problema della comunicazione e dell'interazione tra soggetti compratori e venditori e le soluzioni fino ad ora proposte. Infine, spiegheremo, anche attraverso la presentazione della attuale fase di sperimentazione del progetto, come l'approccio di Distributed Knowledge Management adottato da Edamok possa risultare efficace anche nel mondo dell'E-Commerce
Enabling Distributed Knowledge Management: Managerial and Technological Implications
Full text linkIn this paper we show that the typical architecture of current KM systems re.ects an objectivistic epistemology and a traditional managerial control paradigm. We argue that such an objectivistic epistemology is inconsistent with many theories on the nature of knowledge, in which subjectivity and sociality are taken as essential features of knowledge creation and sharing. We show that adopting such a new epistemological view has dramatic consequences at an architectural, managerial and technological level
Enabling Distributed Knowledge Mangement: Managerial and Technological Implications
No full textIn this paper we show that the typical architecture of current KM systems reflects an objectivistic epistemology and a traditional managerial control paradigm. We argue that such an objectivistic epistemology is inconsistent with many theories on the nature of knowledge, in which subjectivity and sociality are taken as essential features of knowledge creation and sharing. We show that adopting such a new epistemological viewhas dramatic consequences at an architectural, managerial and technological leve
Una visione distribuita del sapere organizzativo: il ruolo dell`Intelligenza Artificiale
No full textL`idea di fondo che ispira il Knowledge Management come nuova disciplina manageriale è che ogni organizzazione, al suo interno, produce un sapere originale e distintivo che, se opportunamente valorizzato, può contribuire alla competitività dell`impresa. L`importanza di riusare il sapere prodotto dall`organizzazione è tanto più vera quanto più l`ambiente in cui opera l`impresa è turbolento, mutevole e dinamico. L`ondata di Business Process Re-Engineering e la continua richiesta di dinamismo e agilità alle aziende hanno spinto verso la necessità di evitare la perdita della conoscenza all`esternalizzazione dell`attività e di saper attrarre persone fortemente competenti ma anche capaci di apprendere costantemente. Da qui nasce da un lato l`idea di separare la conoscenza dalle persone, dall`altro di fornire occasioni di apprendimento sempre più frequenti al fine di attrarre i talenti della Knowledge Econom
Distributed Knowledge Management: a System Approach
No full textIn this paper, we argue that the EKP`s (Enterprise Knowldge Portal: large, homogeneous, knowledge repositories) approach reflects an objectivistic epistemology and acentralised paradigm of managerial control. Indeed, it presuppones that all contextual, subjective and social aspects of knowledge can be eliminated in favour of an objective and general codification and that general knowledge can be shared and refised indipendently from the individual and community in which it was created. We show that this approach is incompatible with the nature of knowledge and that this way of managing knowledge explains, at least partially, why most KM systems are deserted by users. We propose a system approach in which there is no attempt to reduce corporate knowledge to a single, objective representation. In the last part of paper, we also sketch a high level architecture which can support this distributed approach to KM from a technological point of vie
Context-Aware Distributed Applications
No full textTraditionally, context-aware applications are defined as applications that react appropriately to information sensed in the environment, as opposed to applications that elaborate only information explicitly provided by users. Context is (implicitly or explicitly) thought of as a collection of features of the (physical or virtual) environment which can affect the behavior of an application. Though this notion of context is relatively unproblematic in systems with central control, it raises a number of challenging issues when applied to distributed systems, namely systems in which control is distributed over a group of heterogeneous, autonomous, interacting entities (typically, agents). Indeed, in distributed applications, we cannot assume that autonomous
entities share a context, even though each of them uses contextual information for its operations. In this paper, we discuss in detail this claim and present a notion of context which seems to be adequate for distributed applications. For the sake of illustration, we show how this notion of context can be used in a multi-agent system for
semantic-based information and knowledge management in distributed environments, such as the Internet or a big corporate Intrane
Knowledge Nodes: the Building Block of a Distributed Approach to KM
No full textIn this paper, we criticise the objectivistic approach that underlies most current sys-tems for Knowledge Management. We show that such an approach is incompatible with the very nature of what is to be managed (i.e., knowledge), and we argue that this may partially explain why most knowledge management systems are deserted by users. We propose a different ap-proach - called distributed knowledge management - in which subjective and social (in a word, contextual) aspects of knowledge are seriously taken into account. Finally, we present a general technological architecture in which these ideas are implemented by introducing the concept of knowledge nod
The Role of Classification(s) in Distributed Knowledge Management
No full textMost knowledge management (KM) projects aim at creating a knowledge base system in which all corporate knowledge is organized according to a single, sup-posedly shared and objective classification. The underlying assumption is that knowl-edge can be made objective refining it of all its subjective, contextual, and social aspects. However, a lot of work in disciplines like artificial intelligence, cognitive science, philosophy, linguistics, show that such an objectivistic epistemology is incompatible with the very nature of knowledge, and it is, therefore, one reason why KM systems are often deserted by users. Another approach, called Distributed Knowledge Management (DKM), is proposed in which subjective and social aspect are seriously token into account. Using this approach, we discuss a high level technological architecture, in which we introduce the idea of local classification, namely a classification created and maintained by a single organizational unit (e.g., a community or a division), which we call knowledge nodes (KNs). A system for DKM becomes a tool that supports two qualitatively different processes: the autonomous management of local classifications within each knowledge node (principle of autonomy), and the coordination of the different KNs via a process of an agent-mediated meaning negotiation/coordination across different classifications (principle of coordination
sunk costs and the "Economics" of sense making in ambiguous situations
No full textTwo important areas of decision making research, the so called sunk cost theory and the sense making theory, have both focused their attention on similar cognitive attitudes while providing opposite evaluations. In fact, they both look at retrospective reasoning as a means to provide justification to current courses of actions, and look at escalating behaviours as a way to commit to such interpretations. On the contrary, when evaluating such behaviours, the former provides a negative account (stating that such cognitive attitudes are irrational), while the latter a positive one (stating that such attitudes are perfectly plausible). Moreover, they both find a quite interesting linkage in the notion of ambiguity, being such quality both the premise to sense making, and the foundation of one major critics, the decision dilemma theory, to the presumed irrationality of such behaviours. In this paper, starting from the concept of ambiguity, we present how such perspectives could!complement each other and, moreover, entail the possibility to heavily reposition sunk cost research as a protagonist in the field of epistemology as the economic foundation of a constructivist approach to interpretative processe
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