90 research outputs found
Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity in selected health areas in a rural health district in Cameroon: a cross-sectional analysis
No full textBackground: overweight and obesity are major public health problems worldwide, with projections suggesting a proportional increase in the number of affected individuals in developing countries by the year 2030. Evidence-based preventive strategies are needed to reduce the burden of overweight and obesity in developing countries. We assessed the prevalence of, and factors associated with overweight and obesity in selected health areas in West Cameroon.Methods: data were collected from a community-based cross-sectional study, involving the consecutive recruitment of participants aged 18 years or older. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the WHO classification. The statistical software R (version 3.5.1, The R Foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria) was used for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent factors associated with overweight and obesity, and obesity.Results: records of 485 participants were included for analysis. The age and sex-standardized prevalence of overweight, obesity, and overweight and obesity were 31.1% (95% CI, 27.0–35.2), 18.9% (95% CI, 14.9–22.9), and 50.1% (95% CI, 45.7–54.6), respectively. In multivariable analysis, being female (adjusted OR [aOR] = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.69–4.63), married (aOR = 3.90, 95% CI = 2.23–6.95), and having secondary or tertiary education (aOR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.77–6.17) were associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity, while current smokers had lower odds of overweight and obesity (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.16–0.82) when compared to their respective counterpart. Compared to their respective reference categories, being female being (aOR = 3.74, 95% CI = 2.01–7.30), married (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.37–5.05) and having secondary or tertiary education (aOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.00–4.23) were associated with higher odds of obesity after adjustments for confounding.Conclusion: we observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study. The odds of overweight and obesity was higher in females, married participants, and those with higher levels of education. Community-based interventions to control overweight and obesity should consider targeting these groups
Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Practices towards Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prevention and Management in Patients Living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualitative Systematic Review
No full textBackground: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are projected to bypass HIV as the most common cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by the year 2030. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more likely to develop and suffer from complications of CVD compared to their HIV negative counterparts. CVD prevention is therefore critical in this group to maintain positive health outcomes and improve health indices in the entire region. To achieve this, it is important to assess patients’ understanding of CVD risks and explore their perceptions and practices, to design targeted interventions. This review was therefore performed to synthesise the best available qualitative evidence of the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and practices of CVD risk prevention and management from the perspective of PLHIV.
Methods: Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PUBMED) were searched for references up to August 2021. Six records from Malawi, Kenya, and South Africa were retrieved and synthesised through a thematic analysis approach. PLHIV in most of the studies had poor knowledge and perceptions about CVD risks.
Results: Analysed data were categorised under two broad themes, namely, knowledge and perceptions, and attitudes and practices. Psychological factors such as stress and denial of HIV status and behavioural factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and taking antiretrovirals (ARVs) were often cited as the cause of CVDs. Patients were aware of the dangers of CVDs such as sudden death, vision loss, and heart attacks but had varied attitudes and practices towards its prevention. Financial hardship, unavailability of medication, and hearsay were the main factors that prevented adoption and adherence to both lifestyle measures and medical treatment. Conversely, social, community, family, and peer support, as well as the fear of developing life-threatening complications, motivated some PLHIV to adopt health-seeking behaviours and medical management.
Conclusions: These findings highlight the need for improved patient education and multi-morbid health promotion. It also stresses the need for health policy reforms, and an integrated approach to HIV and CVD treatment and care in SSA
The modernist angel: Art at the Limits of the Human in D. H. Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy
No full textPhDThe subject of this thesis is a figure that might provisionally be called the *modemist
angel'. Focusing on modernist literature, and more particularly on the work of D. H.
Lawrence, H. D. and Mina Loy, it aims to isolate from the many angels found in all periods
and all types of art a historically specific and intellectually coherent paradigm: an angel of
and for its modernist times. A figure of precisely this type could be said to exist in the
form of Walter Benjamin's 'angel of history'. Critics who address the question of the
modern angel in texts by Franz Kafka and Rainer Maria Rilke often do so in conjunction
with the problem posed by the angel of history. Beginning with a chapter on Benjamin,
this thesis nevertheless follows a different trajectory. Over five chapters, it explores a
modernist landscape formed not only by Lawrence, H. D. and Loy, but also by European
and American writers such as A. R. Orage, Allen Upward, Ezra Pound, Wallace Stevens,
Havelock Ellis, Edward Carpenter, Sigmund Freud and Friedrich Nietzsche. Although the
angel that emerges from this investigation might, in some respects, be said to anticipate
Benjamin's later version, this figure is also very different, standing for a project that is
distinctively, and recognisably, modernist in nature. He/she (the sex of the modernist
angel is often open to question) represents an attempt to reconcile the divine
responsibilities of the artist with the material and gendered conditions of being,
specifically of being human, in the modem world. This thesis looks again at the clash of
intellectual paradigms in the early-twentieth century - notably, the confrontation of the
Romantic view of art as a superhuman or sacred undertaking with the psychoanalytical or
evolutionary idea that all human endeavour is underpinned by sub-human motives - and
suggests the angel as a new and instructive figure through which to think the perilous
limits between the human and the divine in modernist literature
To each according to deeds : divine judgement according to deeds in second temple Judaism and in Paul's letters.
No full textPaul's use of the motif of `judgment according to deeds' corresponds terminologically, rhetorically, and theologically with its use in second temple Judaism. In order to demonstrate this thesis, the author examines the tradition- history of the motif in the Jewish Scriptures, the OT Pseudepigrapha, and the Qum- ran literature. By the beginning of the common era `judgment according to deeds' is a widespread, fundamental theological axiom, applicable to a variety of rhetorical purposes. The motif has an important soteriological function within what is now commonly termed Jewish `covenantal nomism' (not legalism). This judgment does not entail a one-for-one recompense of good or evil deeds, but views works wholistically (i. e., as a whole either good or bad), and thus as revealing one's `way' of life or `heart. ' One's deeds do not earn or merit God's grace and salvation; nevertheless, one's recompense-the blessings or the curses of the covenant-will be congruent with ("according to") this pattern of behavior, since one's works reveal what is hidden in the heart, either loyalty or disloyalty to God and his covenant. Salvation by covenant mercy and judgment according to works are complementary. In both its form and function Paul's use of the motif places him firmly within this same tradition-history. In addition, he maintains the wholistic perspective of deeds common to the Jewish tradition. Although the term `covenantal nomism' is not appropriate for Paul's thought (Christ replaces the Torah as the defining locus of electing grace), the fundamental structure of grace and works, election and obedience, salvation and judgment, remains remarkably similar. In Paul also one is justified by grace and judged according to works, issuing in eternal life or wrath. The juxtaposition of justification and judgment causes Paul no theological tension, because he inherited a way of speaking and thinking about judgment according to deeds which similarly related them without paradox
Moses in Jewish Bible
No full textU članku je riječ o povijesno-teološkoj analizi glavnih
tekstova o liku i ulozi Mojsija u židovskoj Bibliji. Autor u svojoj
analizi nastoji istodobno utvrditi povijesne činjenice koje su
vezane za ovu važnu osobu Staroga zavjeta i iznijeti na vidjelo
teološke motive koji su imali dubokog odražaja na oblikovanje
slike u Mojsiju i na njegovu ulogu u povijesti židovskoga naroda.
U tim tekstovima Mojsije izranja kao glavni posrednik i svjedok
sadržaja vjere i normi ponašanja za biblijske vjernike. Autor drži
da je ta slika o Mojsiju i njegovoj ulozi konačno oblikovana nakon
povratka iz Babilonskoga sužanjstva (5. stoljeće prije Krista, za
vrijeme Ezre i Nehemije), i otada je postala sastavni dio židovske
Biblije.The article deals with a historical-theological analysis of
the main texts about the character and role of Moses in the
Jewish Bible. In the analysis the author is trying to identify
the historical facts related to this important Old Testament
person and to bring to light the theological motives which deeply
influenced the formation of the image of Moses and his role in
the history of Jewish people. In these texts Moses emerges as
the main mediator and witness of the content of faith and norms
of behaviour for the biblical believers. The author holds that
the picture of Moses and his role was finally formed after the
Babylonian captivity (5th century BC, at the time of Ezra and
Nehemiah), and since then it has become an integral part of the
Jewish Bible
Sub-acute intestinal obstruction – a rare complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in an adult: a case report
No full textAbstract Background Malaria remains a major public health problem in most tropical countries. It occasionally presents with both typical and atypical signs and symptoms. Gastrointestinal manifestations are common in malaria endemic areas but intestinal obstruction as a complication is extremely rare. Case presentation We present the case of a 42-year-old black African man who presented with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction and was diagnosed as having Plasmodium falciparum malaria. He was successfully treated with both parenteral and orally administered antimalarial medication and the intestinal obstruction subsequently resolved. Conclusion With intestinal obstruction being an important cause of morbidity and mortality, we report this case to highlight this rare complication of malaria and therefore increase physicians’ awareness and prompt diagnosis and management
Exemption and Just Autonomy of Consecrated Life
No full textAutor je u ovom članku obradio dva kanona iz Zakonika kanonskoga prava iz 1983. godine: kan. 586., § 1 - 2, i 591.1 U članku je istaknuto, kako je zakonodavac u obradi kanona 591. kada je riječ o izuzetosti (egzempcija) imao izvore iz crkvenoga zakonodavstva prije u Zakoniku iz 1917., dokumente II. vati- kanskoga sabora kao i one poslije sabora. Izuzeće je stari institut koji se do Zakonika iz 1983. smatrao općom povlasticom regularnih redovnika. Nakon II. vatikanskoga sabora izuzeće je mogućnost koju papa ima na temelju svoje primatske vlasti nad općom Crkvom. Što se tiče pravedne samostalnosti ustanova posvećenoga života ona je posebni zahtjev Crkve našega vremena radi toga da se bolje sačuva vlastita karizma pojedinih ustanova, a institut izuzetosti ide za tim da se pomogne dobru ustanove i potrebama apostolata. Papa može ustanove posvećenoga života izuzeti ispod vlasti mjesnih ordinarija i podložiti ih sebi samom ili drugoj crkvenoj vlasti. U djelovanju ustanova posvećenoga života u mjesnim crkvama treba imati na umu kan. 578. Posebno je za institut izuzeća, uz Zakonik iz 1917. zakonodavac imao kao izvor također dokumente II. vatikanskoga sabora Lumen Gentium 45 i Christus Dominus, 35, 3 te Mutuae Relationes – uređivanje odnosa između biskupa i redovnika 14. 5. 1978. Autor je naglasio kako kan. 586., § 1 - 2. nema izvore u Zakoniku iz 1917. Ustanove posvećenoga života trebaju biskupe poštovati te ih slušati prema crkvenim zakonima, a papa moraju slušati ne samo što su katolici, nego i zato što poslušnost prema papi zahtijeva i zavjet poslušnosti. Ustanove posvećenoga života dio su Božjega naroda – Crkve i kao takvi moraju osjećati s Crkvom koja je majka i učiteljica.In this article the author has elaborated two canons of Code of Canon Law of 1983: canon 586, § 1-2, and canon 591. The article points out that the legislator, in processing canon 591 dealing with exemption, possessed the source materials of ecclesiastical legislation, Code of 1917, documents of II Vatican Council and documents after the Council. It is about the old institute of exemption confirmed by the legislator in the light of II Vatican Council in Code of 1983. Pope, by reason of his primacy over the universal Church, can exempt institutes of consecrated life from the governance of local ordinaries and subject them either to himself alone or to another ecclesiastical authority, for the good of institutes and the need of the apostolate. Another institute the author is writing about is the institute of a just autonomy of life – iusta autonomia vitae – (586, § 1). This institute is a novelty compared to the old legislation; its source materials are only the documents of II Vatican Council and documents after the Council. A just autonomy of life is acknowledged for individual institutes by which they possess their own governance and especially their own discipline in order to preserve their own patrimony intact: the nature, purpose, spirit and character of an institute as well as its sound traditions (canon 578). The institutes of exemption and of just autonomy of life are the demands of the Church of our time, which accepts the institutes of consecrated life as a divine gift to the Church. Members of institutes of consecrated life should obey the Pope in accordance with the vow of obedience, and respect the local ordinaries inasmuch as they represent apostles and they are bound to follow them with Christian obedience (canon 212, § 1) and also obey them in accordance with general and special church norms observing the exemption and just autonomy of life
Some differences in the Codes of the Latin Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches
No full textU članku autor podsjeća na potrebu uspoređivanja dvaju zakonika Katoličke Crkve: Zakonik kanonskoga prava za latinsku Crkvu (ZKP) i Zakonik kanona istočnih crkava (ZKIC); radi lakšega razumijevanja, donio je neke različite nazive u ZKIC u odnosu na latinsku Crkvu, te je naglasio načelo jednakosti i poštovanja obostrane discipline i obreda. U tim su zakonicima doneseni pojedini zakoni ili kanoni (mensura iuris) kao provedba prava (ius), tj. onoga što pripada svakome bilo fizičkim bilo pravnim osobama. Crkveni zakonodavac, sv. otac papa Ivan Pavao II. donio je konkretne propise radi ostvarivanja prava fizičkih i pravnih osoba, te pojedinih struktura unutar jedne Katoličke Crkve. Cilj je ovoga rada upoznavanje različitosti dvaju zakonika. U tom je smislu donio popis istočnih katoličkih crkava. Sve su crkve sui iuris i njihovi su obredi jednakopravni. Katolička Crkva diše plućima Istoka i Zapada. Poznavanje obaju zakonika pridonosi bratskoj ljubavi članova različitih crkava.In the article the author compares two Codes of the Catholic Church: Code of Canon Law for the Latin Church (CIC) and Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEC); for the purpose of better understanding, he has brought some different names in CCEC in relation to the Latin Church, and he has stressed the principle of equality and respect of mutual discipline and rite. The Church legislator, St. Father John Paul II, brought in specific regulations for the exercise of the rights of natural and legal persons, as well as for particular structures within the one Catholic Church. The aim of this work is to get to know the differences of two Codes. In this work the author points out different codification, terminology, structure and diversity of rite, as well as the list of Eastern Catholic Churches. All the Churches are sui iuris and their rites are equal. The Catholic Church draws breaths of the East and West. Understanding of both Codes contributes to brotherly love among the members of different Churches
Matthew’s Emmanuel Messiah: a paradigm of presence for god's people
No full textThe motif of divine presence is a clear phenomenon within the Gospel of Matthew. The modern critical means for assessing the ancient biblical text have multiplied to the point, some claim, of disparity. This study employs both narrative and redaction criticism in an attempt to respond authentically to the structural, historical and theological dimensions of Matthew's Gospel. This study begins with the presumption of the wholeness and integrity of Matthew's narrative, and assumes the gospel story to have an inherently dramatic structure which invites readers to inhabit imaginatively its narrative world and respond to its call. But since we are concerned with the role of both reader and author, this study also assumes a text with an historical author and context. The introduction focuses on the meta-critical dilemma facing New Testament students - what is the text and how do we read it? - and seeks some balance in terms of Krieger's analogy of the text as both window and mirror. Proposed is a narrative reading of Matthew's presence motif alongside a redaction critical assessment of it. In Chapter 2 the elements of narrative theory are introduced and relevant terms defined: the structure of narrative, the function of the narrator, points of view. Chapter 3 becomes an exercise in narrative reading, with Matthew's presence motif providing the focus, and the implied reader’s interaction with the story being predominant in interpretation. Characters, rhetorical devices, and points of view are discussed, to understand the motif's development throughout the story's progress. The thrust of Chapter 4 is thereafter to examine divine presence as a dominant motif within Matthew's most important literary context: the Jewish scriptures. Here the primary paradigms of divine presence provided by the Patriarchs, the Sinai experience, and the Davidic-Zion traditions are assessed. Chapter 5 follows with a more detailed examination of the OT "I am with you/God is with us" formula and its µeo' vµwv/ηuwv language, so strongly connected to Matthew's presence motif. Chapters 6-8 build on these investigations with a closer analysis of the three critical "presence passages" of Mt 1:23. 18:20 and 28:20. The passages and their contexts are probed from a redaction critical perspective, guided by the narrative investigation of Chapter 3, and the background from Chapters 4 and 5.The three major "presence passages" examined in Chapters 6-8 are also complimented by a number of secondary issues: worship, wisdom, the Spirit and the poor in Matthew, and their relation to Jesus' divine presence. These are discussed in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 summarizes and looks briefly at some implications. Matthew' presence motif proves to be an important element of the Gospel’s rhetorical design, redactional strategy and Christology. The presence of Jesus, the Emmanuel Messiah, exhibited in his risen authority, becomes the focus of his people's hopes and experiences in the post-Easter world. What the presence of Yahweh was to his people. Jesus now provides in a new paradigm for his people - his followers, the little ones, the poor and the marginalized, from all nations
On Medical Ethics and Bioethics. Historical-theological reference
No full textAutor ukazuje na rađanje pastoralne medicine u katoličkoj
teologiji što je bilo izazvano razvojem medicinske znanosti, a što
je postupno prelazilo u bioetiku kakvu danas poznajemo i koju
priznaje i teologija. U mnogim katoličkim moralnim udžbenicima
druge polovice XX. stoljeća postoji traktat pod naslovom liječnička
etika, čemu je zamah najviše dao papa Pio XII. U tim traktatima
moralni teolozi primjenjuju religiozni moral na medicinu. U SAD-u
moralni teolozi i neki pisci koji su se zanimali za odnos znanosti
i religije, katolici i protestanti, značajno su pridonijeli ponovnom
rađanju medicinske etike, posebice u razdoblju od 1965. do 1975.
U završnom dijelu rada donosi se sažeti doprinos bioetičkim
pitanjima u enciklici Ivana Pavla II. Evangelium vitae (1995.)The author points at the rising of pastoral medicine in Catholic
theology which has been caused by the development of medical
sciences. It has gradually changed to the bioethics that we know
today and that theology recognizes as well. In many Catholic moral
textbooks of the second half of XX century there is a treatise under
the title Medical Ethics, to which Pope Pius XII gave the strongest
impetus. In these treatises moral theologians apply religious
morality to medicine. In USA moral theologians and some writers
who were intrested in the relation between science and religion, both
the Protestants and Catholics, have considerably contributed to the
rebirth of medical ethics, especially in the period between 1965 and
1975. The final part brings a brief contribution to bioethical issues
in the John Paul II's encyclical Evangelium Vitae (1995)
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