108,744 research outputs found
Correlating Pt-P bond lengths and Pt-P coupling constants
No full textThe X-ray structures of (5) cis-PtBr2(P(OMe)(3))(2), (6) cis-PtBr2(P(OMe)(2)Ph)(2), (7) cis-PtBr2(P(OMe)Ph-2)(2), (8) cis-PtBr2(PPh3)(2), (9) cis-PtI2(P(OMe)(3))(2), (10) cis-PtI2(P(OMe)(2)Ph)(2), (11) cis-PtI2(P(OMe)Ph-2)(2) and (12) cis-PtI2(PPh3)(2) are reported and compared with the previously reported chloride analogues. The magnitude of the J{Pt-P} varies linearly with the Pt-P bond length (l(Pt-P) = 2.421 - J/24255) for these 12 complexes.Peer reviewe
FINANCING COMMUNITY FACILITIES: A CASE STUDY OF THE PARKS AND RECREATIONAL GENERAL OBLIGATION BOND MEASURE OF SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA
No full textThis study of the City of San Jose’s Parks and Recreation General Obligation (GO) Bond Measure seeks to identify the politics-, management-, and planning-related lessons learned by the City as it developed its community facilities using the GO bonds proceeds. The study finds that these lessons include: be conservative in what you promise the residents; be prepared for changes in economic environment by identifying supplementary funding sources should the primary source not yield adequate funds; make sure that the jurisdiction is organizationally capable of handling the increased workload; and prepare detailed project plans prior to the bond issuance.Community Infrastructure and Services; Municipal Bonds; Public Finance
"Convertible Bond Underpricing: Renegotiable Covenants, Seasoning and Convergence"
No full textWe investigate the long-standing puzzle on the underpricings of convertible bonds. We hypothesize that the observed underpricing is induced by the possibility that a convertible bond might renegotiate on some of its covenants, e.g., an imbedded put option, in financial difficulties. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find that the initial underpricing is larger for lower rated bonds. The underpricing worsens if the issuer experiences subsequent financial difficulties. However, conditional on no rating downgrades, our main empirical result shows that convertible bond prices do converge to their theoretical prices within two years. This seasoning period is shorter for higher rated convertible bonds.
Portfolio Management for a Random Field of Bond Returns
No full textA new method of bond portfolio optimization is described. The method is based on stochastic string models of bond returns. It is shown how to approximate the bond return correlation function with Padé approximations and how to compute the optimal portfolio allocation using Wiener-Hopf factorization. The technique is illustrated with an example of the Treasury bond portfolio.bond portfolio management, stochastic string, Toeplitz operators, Padé approximations, Wiener-Hopf factorization.
Sensitivity bond graphs
No full textA sensitivity bond graph, of the same structure as the system bond graph, is shown to provide a simple and effective method of generating sensitivity functions of use in optimisation. The approach is illustrated in the context of partially known system parameter and state estimation
Bond graphs in model matching control
No full textBond graphs are primarily used in the network modeling of lumped parameter physical systems, but controller design with this graphical technique is relatively unexplored. It is shown that bond graphs can be used as a tool for certain model matching control designs. Some basic facts on the nonlinear model matching problem are recalled. The model matching problem is then associated with a particular disturbance decoupling problem, and it is demonstrated that bicausal assignment methods for bond graphs can be applied to solve the disturbance decoupling problem as to meet the model matching objective. The adopted bond graph approach is presented through a detailed example, which shows that the obtained controller induces port-Hamiltonian error dynamics. As a result, the closed loop system has an associated standard bond graph representation, thereby rendering energy shaping and damping injection possible from within a graphical context
Convertible Bond Underpricing: Renegotiable Covenants, Seasoning and Convergence (Published in "Management Science", Vol. 53, No. 11, November 2007, pp. 1793.1814. )
No full textWe investigate the long-standing puzzle on the underpricings of convertible bonds. We hypothesize that the observed underpricing is induced by the possibility that a convertible bond might renegotiate on some of its covenants, e.g., an imbedded put option, in financial difficulties. Consistent with our hypothesis, we find that the initial underpricing is larger for lower rated bonds. The underpricing worsens if the issuer experiences subsequent financial difficulties. However, conditional on no rating downgrades, our main empirical result shows that convertible bond prices do converge to their theoretical prices within two years. This seasoning period is shorter for higher rated convertible bonds.
Hydrogen-Bond-Promoted ORR Mechanism in P‑Doped Fe–N–C Materials
No full textP-doping has been widely adopted in M–N–C
materials
to enhance the catalytic activity of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
However, the ORR mechanism of P-doping remains elusive. Herein, based
on the first-principles calculations, the stability of P-doped FeN4 is studied, and surface coverage versus potential is determined
by the microkinetic model. It is revealed that the O*P coverage
is stable at full potential due to the strong oxygen adsorption of
P dopants, resulting in the hydrogen bond forming between OH*Fe and O*P. Thereby, the hydrogen-bond-promoted ORR mechanism
is discovered. That is, the hydrogen bond between OH*Fe–O*P favors axial OH ligands covering at the broad
potential range and thus promotes the ORR performance of FeN4 both thermodynamically and kinetically. The core of the hydrogen-bond-regulated
mechanism is that the oxygen species introduced by doping atoms will
impact the ORR process at metal sites, and the methodology can also
be applied to study other heteroatom-doped single-atom electrocatalysts
Regulatory versus Informational Value of Bond Ratings: Hints from History ...
No full textA multivariate analysis can be used in order to investigate the relationship between bond yields, ratings and standard control variables. Replicating such a test on a number of cross-sections may evidence a possible impact of financial regulations relying on ratings. Datasets for American corporate bond issues allow a focus on two key events of the development of rating driven regulations: the valuation of bank and life insurance portfolios introduced in the 1930’s and the net capital requirements for broker dealers introduced in the 1970’s. The “value” of bond ratings does show some improvement once these regulations have been passed.Bond ratings, bond yields, financial regulation.
Dynamics of Bond Market Integration between Existing And Accession EU Countries
No full textIn this paper, we use a set of complementary techniques to examine the time-varying level of integration of European government bond markets. We consider daily bond returns and prices over the 1998-2003 period. Strong contemporaneous and dynamic linkages are found between individual European Union (EU) markets and the German market. However, there is no such evidence for the three accession markets of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. The UK’s market is also considered. In general, the degree of integration for the accession markets is weak and stable, with little evidence of further deepening despite the increased political integration.Bond Indices, Cointegration, GARCH Models, Integration, Kalman Filter
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