122 research outputs found
El Zapato Aprieta II Temporada. La respuesta estatal a la pandemia en América Latina
No full textEn este nuevo episodio Diego Sánchez-Ancochea entrevista con Rossana Castiglioni (Universidad Diego Portales, Chile) Merike Blofield (GIGA, Alemania) sobre #La respuesta estatal a la pandemia en América Latina. Pueden escucharnos en www.anchor.fm/iis-ucr o en su plataforma de podcast favorita.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (IIS
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Care Work and Class Domestic Workers' Struggle for Equal Rights in Latin America
No full textDespite constitutions that enshrine equality, until recently every state in Latin America permitted longer working hours (in some cases more than double the hours) and lower benefits for domestic workers than other workers. This has, in effect, subsidized a cheap labor force for middle- and upper-class families and enabled well-to-do women to enter professional labor markets without having to negotiate household and care work with their male partners. While elite resistance to reform has been widespread, during the past fifteen years a handful of countries have instituted equal rights. In Care Work and Class, Merike Blofield examines how domestic workers' mobilization, strategic alliances, and political windows of opportunity, mostly linked to left-wing executive and legislative allies, can lead to improved rights even in a region as unequal as Latin America. Blofield also examines the conditions that lead to better enforcement of rights
Section Overview: Governance and Management for Social Policy in Latin America
No full textThis chapter presents the Latin American section and provides an overview of its main findings. It discusses the governance and management for social policy in a region with high levels of inequality, informal employment, low fiscal efforts, and major weaknesses in terms of social risks and state capacity. Besides these similarities, wide variations also exist in social policy regimes across countries in terms of governance, administrative arrangements, levels of decentralization, and mixes of public services and private services. Innovations in social policy over the 21st century have produced a range of mixed systems that are not always consistent, distributionally sound, or sustainable.Fil: Filgueira, Fernando. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Arza, Camila. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Blofield, Merike. Universitat Hamburg; Alemani
Dataset of the Research: Families and Monetary Transfers
No full textColección Fuera de Serie: Opinión pública sobre las transferencias monetarias en América LatinaNombre de la base de datos: "Familias y transferencias monetarias/Families and Cash Transfers".
Fuente de financiamiento: Merike Blofield and Juliana Martínez Franzoni, “Covid-19 in Latin America: The role of social protections for households with children”, DFG project number 468209777.
Países: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, México y Perú.
Muestras: Representativas de nivel nacional de cada uno de los seis países. Las muestras alcanzaron un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error muestral máximo de +/- 3% mediante muestreo estratificado aleatorio. Los tamaños de las muestras oscilaron entre 900 (Chile) y 1.503 (Guatemala) personas encuestadas.
Muestra total: 7.549 personas encuestadas en los siete países.
Formulario: Para garantizar la fiabilidad de los datos, nuestra encuesta constó de treinta y siete preguntas, en su mayoría cerradas.
Personas entrevistadas: De 18 años o más. Cada persona contactada por una de las empresas encuestadoras fue informada del propósito de la encuesta. Se les aseguró el anonimato y la confidencialidad, se les preguntó si tenían dieciocho años o más y se les dio la opción de continuar o no con la encuesta. La encuesta promedio tomó entre 15 y 20 minutos, y a los encuestados no se les ofreció compensación financiera por su tiempo.
Recolección de datos: vía telefónica por parte de centros y empresas expertas basadas en cada país. Fueron: Opinaia (Argentina); DataVoz (Chile); Observatorio de la Democracia de la Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Políticos, CIEP (Costa Rica); Asociación de Investigación y Estudios Sociales, Asíes (Guatemala), Data OPM (Mexico); and Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, IEP (Peru).Database name: “Families and Cash Transfers”.
Funding source: Merike Blofield and Juliana Martínez Franzoni, “Covid-19 in Latin America: The role of social protections for households with children”, DFG project number 468209777.
Countries: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru.
Samples: Nationally representative samples from each of the six countries. By stratified random sampling, samples reached a 95% confidence level and a maximum sampling error of +/- 3%. Sample sizes ranged from 900 (Chile) to 1,503 (Guatemala) respondents.
Total sample: 7,549 respondents in the seven countries.
Form: To ensure the reliability of the data, our survey consisted of thirty-seven questions, mostly closed-ended.
Respondents: 18 years of age and older. Each person contacted by one of the survey companies was informed of the purpose of the survey. They were assured of anonymity and confidentiality, asked if they were eighteen or older, and given the option of continuing the survey. The average survey took between 15 and 20 minutes, and respondents were not offered financial compensation for their time.
Data collection was conducted via telephone by expert centers and companies based in each country. These were: Opinaia (Argentina); DataVoz (Chile); Observatorio de la Democracia de la Universidad de los Andes (Colombia); Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Políticos, CIEP (Costa Rica); Asociación de Investigación y Estudios Sociales, Asíes (Guatemala), Data OPM (Mexico); and Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, IEP (Peru).Fondo Internacional de Emergencia de las Naciones Unidas para la Infancia/[468209777]/UNICEF/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (IIS
The Slow and Reluctant Development of Social Citizenship in Latin America
No full textThis chapter puts the region’s social protection policy models into historical, political, and social context. It distinguishes four major stages in Latin American welfare state models, clearly associated with four stages in Latin American state building: the minimalist “welfare” state of the primary export period; the contribution-based welfare state under the import substitution model; the turn to the reluctant welfare state and the introduction of the market into social affairs that characterized the Washington Consensus era; and finally, the expansionary stage of post-Washington Consensus until the mid-2010s. In the initial stages, the state role was minimal, focusing on primary education and boosting urban sanitation infrastructure. In the import substitution period, there was a strong push for modern social protection, tied firmly to the protection for formal workers. However, informal labor markets and incomplete protection of a variety of risks produced a stratified model of social security with incomplete coverage. The liberal turn led to a focus on extreme poverty along with an increased reliance on market mechanisms in healthcare, education, and pensions. As the 20th century came to an end, pressures for more inclusive social policies promoted the expansion of coverage and benefits. The return and resilience of democracy, an export-oriented external stance, and the substantial economic growth of the first two decades of the 21st century were all factors that contributed to this new and still unstable social citizenship contract.Fil: Filgueira, Fernando. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Arza, Camila. Centro Interdisciplinario para el Estudio de Políticas Públicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Blofield, Merike. Universitat Hamburg; Alemani
Care Work and Class: Domestic Workers' Struggle for Equal Rights in Latin America ‐ by Blofield, Merike
No full textReview del libro "Care Work and Class: Domestic Workers' Struggle for Equal Rights in Latin America" de la autora Merike Blofiel
The Politics of Moral Sin: Abortion and Divorce in Spain, Chile and Argentina [book review]
No full textThis article review: Merike Blofield. The Politics of Moral Sin: Abortion and Divorce in Spain, Chile
and Argentina. New York & London: Routledge, 2006. ISBN 0–415–97775–4
Women's Choices in Comparative Perspective: Abortion Policies in Late-Developing Catholic Countries
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MEDIA DIVERSITY AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN LATIN AMERICA
No full textIn this chapter, we examine one set of mechanisms through which wealth inequalities are translated into political and social inequalities that create and reproduce “vitiated institutions of governance” that limit the experience and expression of citizenship (Crespo and Ferreira, chapter 2 in this volume). We also look at the construction and reproduction of worldviews or ideologies that, as Reis shows in chapter 3, structure interpretations of the causes, consequences, appropriateness, and possible solutions of gross inequality.
Mass media in most Latin American societies, especially broadcast television, are controlled by a small elite that uses the media’s definitional power to further
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