1,720,960 research outputs found
Aging and/with Literature
Full text linkThe review article focuses on the problem of aging as reflected in American literature and culture. The author discusses a book by Anna Gaidash "Discourse of Aging in American Drama" (2019) in detail, stressing its interdisciplinary character
The Image of the Scholar in Walentyn Tarnawskyj’s Dissertation in the Context of Masculinity Discourse
Full text linkThe article examines the protagonist of Walentyn Tarnawskyj’s long short story, The Dissertation, within the context of masculinity discourse in Ukrainian literature. The author maintains that the position of scholars in the Soviet Union depended on the field and background; therefore, the dominant models of Soviet masculinity fit them selectively. The literary representation of scholars in Ukrainian literature of the Soviet period was rare and reflected the dominant Soviet ideology. The late 1980s in Walentyn Tarnawskyj’s writing present a new type of scholar-character and literary expression. In the context of masculinity discourse, Tarnawskyj’s protagonist appears as a person of convoluted identity torn between his life priorities regarding academic and social status and suppressed spiritual desires provoked by an ideal woman. The author concludes by stating that Tarnawskyj’s Dissertation while breaking the socialist realist Soviet canon, may well be regarded within the tradition of Ukrainian “Chimeric” prose as well as within European classics.The article examines the protagonist of Walentyn Tarnawskyj’s long short story, The Dissertation, within the context of masculinity discourse in Ukrainian literature. The author maintains that the position of scholars in the Soviet Union depended on the field and background; therefore, the dominant models of Soviet masculinity fit them selectively. The literary representation of scholars in Ukrainian literature of the Soviet period was rare and reflected the dominant Soviet ideology. The late 1980s in Walentyn Tarnawskyj’s writing present a new type of scholar-character and literary expression. In the context of masculinity discourse, Tarnawskyj’s protagonist appears as a person of convoluted identity torn between his life priorities regarding academic and social status and suppressed spiritual desires provoked by an ideal woman. The author concludes by stating that Tarnawskyj’s Dissertation while breaking the socialist realist Soviet canon, may well be regarded within the tradition of Ukrainian “Chimeric” prose as well as within European classics
Радянський джентльмен: український професор супроти викликів історії
No full textThe emphasis is placed on the main character’s personal, national and academic identity. A university professor and a linguist, the protagonist constructed his identity through combining the elements of Sovietness, Englishness, and Ukrainianness. While focusing on the protagonist’s identity quest, the author also identifies historical context of the novel, which is rooted in Ukrainian socio-historic reality throughout the 1950s-2010s.The emphasis is placed on the main character’s personal, national and academic identity. A university professor and a linguist, the protagonist constructed his identity through combining the elements of Sovietness, Englishness, and Ukrainianness. While focusing on the protagonist’s identity quest, the author also identifies historical context of the novel, which is rooted in Ukrainian socio-historic reality throughout the 1950s-2010s
Uczone koty: czytając amerykańską prozę akademicką
Full text linkThe article presents
an interpretation of the short story The Queen of Jungle by James Hynes. The attention is paid to the image of Charlotte, a black-and-white cat of two university professors, and its literary “ancestors”. The author interprets the short story within the tradition of the American academic novel, in particular the period of the 1990s marked by the problem of tenure and the “publish or perish” principle
Kroniki uniwersytetu we współczesnej literaturze słowackiej: powieść Pavola Rankova Legenda o języku
Full text linkThe article aims at reading Pavol Rankov’s novel Legenda o jazyku (The Legend of the Tongue) as the campus novel. Set primarily in the times of Normalization in Czechoslovakia (1969-1989), the novel focuses on the university as the means of political control and interpellation of the dominant ideology after the Soviet invasion. Rankov’s presentation of the tyrannical and anti-religious nature of the Communist regime the author interprets in relation to the university as an institution of higher education that aimed to prepare the next generations of obedient Czechoslovak citizens. The author concludes that by situating the narrative on a university campus, Rankov presents a unique example of campus fiction that grapples with one of the most challenging themes in contemporary Slovak fiction: the Slovak collective memory of the recent past.The article aims at reading Pavol Rankov’s novel Legenda o jazyku (The Legend of the Tongue) as the campus novel. Set primarily in the times of Normalization in Czechoslovakia (1969-1989), the novel focuses on the university as the means of political control and interpellation of the dominant ideology after the Soviet invasion. Rankov’s presentation of the tyrannical and anti-religious nature of the Communist regime the author interprets in relation to the university as an institution of higher education that aimed to prepare the next generations of obedient Czechoslovak citizens. The author concludes that by situating the narrative on a university campus, Rankov presents a unique example of campus fiction that grapples with one of the most challenging themes in contemporary Slovak fiction: the Slovak collective memory of the recent past
Campus Life in Contemporary Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian Fiction
Full text linkThe article focuses on the image of campus life as presented in a selection of novels written in Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian after 1989. The author presents generic peculiarities of Slavic campus fiction and analyses the theme of (academic) coming-of-age in Slavic campus fiction. The maturation of student characters in Maryna Hrymych’s Yura and Pavol Parkov’s The Legend About the Language occurred in Soviet Ukraine and Czechoslovakia, respectively, around 1968. In contrast, the protagonists of Jagoda Grudzień’s Erasmopeja and Tania Kalytenko’s Antero undergo academic identity formation in contemporary Scandinavian countries as participants in academic exchange programs. While Hrymych and Rankov portray characters navigating totalitarian societies of the past, Grudzień and Kalytenko situate their students within the anxieties of the globalised world, where remembering the past remains crucial. The author concludes that contemporary campus fiction written in Slavic languages addresses the issues significant for the cultural memory of the particular nation. Collectively, these novels contribute to a sense of continuity in academic culture within East-Central Europe
Дмитро Чижевський i наукова чехоcловаччина 1930-x pр.
No full textThe article provides a reconstruction of Chyzhevs’kyj’s professional biography connected with the interwar Czechoslovakia. The analyzed archival data allowed establish a Czech circle of Chyzhevs’kyj’s colleagues (the Prague Linguistic Circle, the Institute of Slavonic Studies in Prague, the Matica slovenská) and define the areas of their research interests (Comenius Studies, Czech literary Baroque, Slovak Romanticism). The author concludes that apart from the emigrant scholarly community, the Czech academic community made a significant influence on shaping Chyzhevs’kyj as “a universal Slavist”
Чеська i словацька культура в життi та науковiй спадщинi Дмитра Чижевського
Full text linkThis monograph deals with important aspects of the intellectual heritage of Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj (1894–1977), a prominent Ukrainian Slavist, philosopher and a literary critic. The aspects under consideration represent his interest in Czech and Slovak culture, which was directly connected with his stay in Prague in the 1920s among Ukrainian and Russian emigrants and his continuing coope¬ration with Czech colleagues in the following years.
The contemporary study of Chyzhevs’kyj’s legacy has been conducted by the representatives of different countries in three main directions: 1) the stu¬dy of Chyzhevs’kyj’s biography (Werner Korthaase, Wladimir Janzen, Iryna Valyavko); 2) the study of Chyzhevs’kyj’s works in the context of the history of Ukrainian and Russian emigration to the Czechoslovak Republic between the wars (Sergej Magid, Maria Magidova); 3) the study of Chyzhevs’kyj’s works on philosophy and literature. Although Oleksa Myshanych and Ivan Fizer undertook the study of some important theoretical problems articulated by Chy¬zhevs’kyj in Ukrainian and Russian research, there have been few investigations that have analyzed the historical and theoretical aspects found in his works on literature and literary criticism. It has been suggested that the least investigated works in Chyzhevskyj’s legacy are those dedicated to Czech and Slovak literature and philosophy. Their study in the context of Slavic and Comparative Studies in the first half of the twentieth century is most important, for it reveals the interdisciplinary character of the scholar’s intellectual heritage.
The aim of the research thesis is to provide an introductory review of the works of Chyzhevs’kyj on Czech and Slovak culture, as well as to delineate their place in the context of European, Slavic and Comparative Studies in the first half of the twentieth century. The aim defined the tasks, which are the following: 1) a systematic review of the facts connected with the life and re¬search done by Chyzhevs’kyj on the basis of the archival repository studies in both the Czech and Slovak Republics; 2) an analysis of the shaping and development of Chyzhevs’kyj’s concepts of comparative literary studies; 3) a clarification of the unique attribute of Chyzhevs’kyj’s interest in Czech and Slovak culture and an analysis of that interest in the context of European Slavic and Comparative Studies in the first half of the twentieth century; 4) the analysis of Chyzhevs’kyj’s interpretation of Czech baroque literature in the context of his theory of Baroque as an epoch lasting outside the limits of its historic time (on the basis of Karel Hynek Mácha’s world perception reflected in his poetry); 5) a systematic review of the data connected with Chyzhevs’kyj’s study of John Amos Comenius’s legacy (the influence of Comenius’ ideas on the philosophers of the Modern Age, peculiarities of Comenius’ literary heritage, the spread of Comenius’ ideas in Eastern Europe); 6) the study of the peculiarities of Chyzhevs’kyj’s interpretation of Ľudovít Štúr’s philosophy; 7) an analysis of Chyzhevs’kyj’s interpretations of the texts of Slovak Romantics (L. Štúr, J. Kráľ, P. Z. Kellner-Hostinský).
The monograph consists of three chapters. Chapter I deals with the evolution of Chyzhevs’kyj as a personality and a scholar. Chapter II and Chapter III deal respectively with Czech and Slovak cultures in Chyzhevs’kyj’s intellectual heritage. In its turn each chapter consists of two parts – theoretical and mono¬graphic. In the context of Czech culture it is the Baroque literature and John Amos Comenius’ heritage, in the context of Slovak culture it is Slovak Roman¬tic literature against the background of European Romanticism and Ľudovít Štúr’s creative legacy.
Empiric and biographical data about Chyzhevs’kyj’s personal and academic relations with Czechoslovakia have been gathered in Chapter I "Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Works on Czech and Slovak Culture in the Context of Slavic and Comparative Studies of the First Half of the Twentieth Century". "Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj and Czecho-Slovakia Between the Wars" (Chapter I, Part I) focuses on the scholar’s activities in the context of Ukrainian and Russian emigration societies, Czech academic circles and the Prague Linguistic Centre. The analysis of Chyzhevs’kyj’s contacts with Czech colleagues has been done on the basis of the unpublished archival materials gathered in the archives of the Czech and Slovak Republics. It has been stated that these contacts were of academic character, which encouraged Chyzhevskyj’s contribution into the Slavic Studies periodicals. "Evolution of Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Ideas in the Context of the Slavic and Comparative Studies of the First Half of the Twentieth Century" (Chapter I, Part II) presents Chyzhevs’kyj’s concept of literary history ("the theory of waves", "cultural and historic epoch", "culture styles") and the objectives of the comparative study of Slavic literature in particular and Slavic Studies in general. Partial extrapolation of Chyzhevs’kyj’s philosophical methods onto the sphere of Slavic Studies has caused the shaping of a kind of synthetic approach to the study of Czech and Slovak literature. Hence, Chyzhevs’kyj’s research proves to be of great importance for the European Comparative and Slavic Stu¬dies in the twentieth century.
Chapter II "Czech Literature and Culture in Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Research" presents an analysis of the scholar’s works on Czech literature and on the heritage of John Amos Comenius, as well as of some aspects of Czech Baroque Literature. "John Amos Comenius’ Philosophic and Literary Heritage in Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Interpretation" (Chapter II, Part I) deals with the history of Chyzhevs’kyj’s research connected with the personality and creativity of Comenius. Having found in 1934 the lost manuscript of Comenius’ "De rerum humanarum emendatione consultatio catholica", Chyzhevs’kj never left this di¬rection of his research. As a textual critic, a historian of literature and philosophy and a comparatist, Chyzhevskj conducted both an analysis of archival and bibliographic materials and personal research to prove Comenius’ important legacy. The author of the dissertation underlines that in Comenius’ legacy Chy-zhevs’kyj pointed out philosophic and literary tendencies. From the philosophic perspective Chyzhevs’kyj stressed the ideas of Comenius that influenced the next generations of philosophers from the Early Modern times till the twentieth century (universal science, universal language, and universal harmony). The theological ideas of Comenius were the focus of Chyzhevs’kyj’s investigation as well, and in the dissertation they have been analyzed in the context of pietism in Germany and Eastern Europe. Comenius’ "Labyrinth of the World and Paradise of the Heart" were analyzed by Chyzhevs’kyj from the perspective of its style and topothesia. The scholar investigated the themes of "The Labyrinth" and their sources, stressing their typological peculiarities and connections within European literature and philosophy since Antiquity. In "Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj and Slavic Literary Baroque: the Czech Context" (Chapter II, Part II) special attention has been paid to the works of Chyzhevs’kyj in which he illustrated the idea of the Baroque as an epoch which expanded traditional understandings of the limits of its chronological measures in the history of culture. The scholar utlized Hussite religious songs from the fifteenth century and the poetry of Czech Romantic poet Karel Hynek Mácha to analyze the elements of Baroque world perception.
Chapter III "Slovak Spiritual History in Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Interpretation" deals with the studies of the Slovak culture done by Chyzhevs’kyj. "Ľudovít Štúr as Philosopher of Life in Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj’s Works" (Chapter III, Part I) reveals the stages of Chyzhevs’kyj’s work on Štúr’s legacy, be¬ginning with the archival study of the facts of Štúr’s life and creative work (Starý a nový vek Slováků, Das Slawenthum und die Welt der Zukunft) through the publication of the monograph "Štúr’s Philosophy of Life". Special attention has been paid to such notions crucial to the understanding of Štúr’s philosophic system as "life", "kinds of life", "characteristics of life" and "spirit", as well as to the question of Štúr’s Hegelianism as presented by Chyzhevs’kyj. An attempt has also been made to follow the reception of Chyzhevs’kyj’s monograph "Štúr’s Philosophy of Life" by the Slovak literary critics and philosophers of the twentieth century. In "Dmytro Chyzhevs’kyj and Slavic Romanticism: Slovak Context" (Chapter III, Part II) the scholar’s text analysis of such Slovak Romantics as Janko Kráľ, Ľudovít Štúr, P.Z.Kellner-Hostinský is presented in the context of Chyzhevs’kyj’s concept of Slavic Romanticism. The scholar believed that the works of Kráľ, Ľudovít Štúr, and Kellner-Hostinský had a crucial influence on further development of Slovak literature, an idea confirmed by current studies in this field. Chyzhevs’kyj interpreted the works of Slovak Romantics also as a "Slavic comparatist" (Slavomír Wollman), studying their works in the context of Polish-Slovak literary relations in his articles "Mickiewicz, Štúr i Kráľ" and "Mickiewicz bei den Slowakei" in the 1950s.
In Conclusion, the author presents the results of extensive research and suggests perspectives for the further development of the study of Chyzhevskj’s legacy. There three appendixes in the book:
1) Selected Correspondence of Chyzhevs’kyj with Czech Scholars (Josef Vašica, Jiři Horák, Matija Murko, Miloš Weingart, Bohumil Trnka, Ema¬nuel Rádl, František M. Bartoš, Josef Páta, Jan Mukařovský, Zdeněk Kalista, Karel Horálek, František Tichý, Václav Černý, Antonín Škarka);
2) Selected Correspondence of Chyzhevs’kyj with Slovak Scholars (Andrej Mráz, Ľudovít Novák, Josef Škultéty);
3) Slovak Reviews of the Monograph "Štúrova filosofia života" (Hrušovský Igor, Viera Horváthová, Josef Dieška, Ján Marták)
The Other among the Ruins: Post-Apocalyptic Topoi in Markiyan Kamysh’s Novels about the Chornobyl Zone
Full text linkСучасний стан світу на межі руйнувань провокує появу літератури апокаліптичної та пост-апокаліптичної тематики. Чорнобильська аварія стала поворотним моментом в осмислення нуклеарної катастрофи і спровокувала появу літератури „чорнобильського жанру”. Аналізуючи жанротворчі елементи пост-апокаліптичної художньої прози, у статті пропонується прочитання романів Маркіяна Камиша „Оформляндія, або Прогулянка в Зону” та „Київ-86” на засадах студій пост-апокаліптичного роману та сучасних досліджень топосів руйнувань, покинутого міста та індустріального занепаду. Герой романів Маркіяна Камиша – провідник-сталкер у Чорнобильській Зоні, самотній та відчужений „Інший” постає носієм пост-катастрофічної свідомості, що естетизує індустріальні руїни, відкриваючи новий формат сприйняття світу після катастрофи.The state of the contemporary world on the brink of destruction facing the looming realities of large-scale ecological catastrophe, local conflicts, and global war, the threat of nuclear disaster, engenders post-apocalyptic visions in literary works. For the Ukrainian culture, the Chornobyl nuclear disaster has become a turning point that provoked reflections on the outcomes of the catastrophic scenario for humanity with apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic literary representations of human existence. Discussing the constituent elements of the post-apocalyptic genre of fiction, the research focuses on the analysis of topoi of ruination and urban decay, and representations of the protagonists as the Other who aestheticizes the industrial ruin and post-apocalyptic imagery, in the two novels set in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone – in the travelogue Oformliandia, or The Stroll to the Zone, and the post-apocalyptic novel Kyiv-86 by the Ukrainian writer Markiyan Kamysh
- …
