145 research outputs found
Uldhåndskrabben, Eriocheir sinensis en ny art i Danmark?: The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis a new species in Denmark?
No full textAbstrakt Rapporten er udarbejdet med henblik på at vurdere muligheden for en etablering af en yngledygtig bestand af den kinesiske uldhåndskrabbe, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards, 1854) i Danmark. Ud fra litteratur om E. sinensis, er der lavet en undersøgelse af hvilke krav arten stiller til overlevelse samt redegjort for krabbens levevis og livscyklus med fokus på udviklingen fra æg til juvenil krabbe. Salinitet og temperatur blev sammenholdt, da disse parametre er afgørende for larvernes eksistens og udvikling. Ved hjælp af forholdet mellem disse parametre blev der, ved 13 lokaliteter, dannet et overblik over, hvorvidt betingelserne for en bestands reproduktion er opfyldt. Databehandling blev koncentreret om perioden marts til juni da det er i disse måneder at E. sinensis’ æg klækkes, og de forskellige larvestadier gennemføres. Det blev vurderet om klimaforandringer vil kunne have en gunstig indflydelse på reproduktionsvilkårene for E. sinensis. Det blev konkluderet at E. Sinensis ikke kan reproducere sig i Danmark under nuværende forhold. Er E. sinensis i stand til at forskubbe sin livscyklus to måneder eller forårsager klimaændringer en tilstrækkelig temperaturstigning vil det være muligt for krabben at etablere sig i Danmark. Abstract This article is made with the purpose of estimating the possibilities of a reproducing population of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards, 1854), in Danish waters. Through literature the species’ demands of existence, lifecycle and the crab’s development from egg into juvenile crab has been studied. Temperature and salinity were held together as these parameters are crucial for the development and existence of the larvae. Through the connection between these parameters, the possibilities of reproduction were estimate at 13 locations. The main focus was on data from March to June, because this is the period where the eggs develop into juvenile crabs. Whether future climatic changes were to have a positive impact on the survival of E. sinensis were assessed. It was concluded, that E sinensis is not capable of reproducing itself in Denmark. If E. sinensis is capable of moving its lifecycle two months onwards or will a climatic change make a sufficient rise of temperature, E. sinensis will be capable of reproducing itself in Denmark.Abstrakt Rapporten er udarbejdet med henblik på at vurdere muligheden for en etablering af en yngledygtig bestand af den kinesiske uldhåndskrabbe, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards, 1854) i Danmark. Ud fra litteratur om E. sinensis, er der lavet en undersøgelse af hvilke krav arten stiller til overlevelse samt redegjort for krabbens levevis og livscyklus med fokus på udviklingen fra æg til juvenil krabbe. Salinitet og temperatur blev sammenholdt, da disse parametre er afgørende for larvernes eksistens og udvikling. Ved hjælp af forholdet mellem disse parametre blev der, ved 13 lokaliteter, dannet et overblik over, hvorvidt betingelserne for en bestands reproduktion er opfyldt. Databehandling blev koncentreret om perioden marts til juni da det er i disse måneder at E. sinensis’ æg klækkes, og de forskellige larvestadier gennemføres. Det blev vurderet om klimaforandringer vil kunne have en gunstig indflydelse på reproduktionsvilkårene for E. sinensis. Det blev konkluderet at E. Sinensis ikke kan reproducere sig i Danmark under nuværende forhold. Er E. sinensis i stand til at forskubbe sin livscyklus to måneder eller forårsager klimaændringer en tilstrækkelig temperaturstigning vil det være muligt for krabben at etablere sig i Danmark. Abstract This article is made with the purpose of estimating the possibilities of a reproducing population of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards, 1854), in Danish waters. Through literature the species’ demands of existence, lifecycle and the crab’s development from egg into juvenile crab has been studied. Temperature and salinity were held together as these parameters are crucial for the development and existence of the larvae. Through the connection between these parameters, the possibilities of reproduction were estimate at 13 locations. The main focus was on data from March to June, because this is the period where the eggs develop into juvenile crabs. Whether future climatic changes were to have a positive impact on the survival of E. sinensis were assessed. It was concluded, that E sinensis is not capable of reproducing itself in Denmark. If E. sinensis is capable of moving its lifecycle two months onwards or will a climatic change make a sufficient rise of temperature, E. sinensis will be capable of reproducing itself in Denmark
In situ studies on physiology and behavior in two colour forms of shore crabs Carcinus maenas
No full textCefuroxime compared to piperacillin/tazobactam as empirical treatment of Escherichia coli bacteremia in a low Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) prevalence cohort
No full textSara Thønnings,1,2 Filip Jansåker,1,3 Kim Oren Gradel,4,5 Bjarne Styrishave,2 Jenny Dahl Knudsen11Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark; 2Toxicology Laboratory, Analytical BioSciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 4Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; 5Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DenmarkObjectives: On January 18, 2010, a part of the capital region of Denmark shifted the empirical treatment of febrile conditions from cefuroxime to piperacillin/tazobactam. We compare empirical treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam versus cefuroxime for Escherichia coli bacteremia with regard to 14 days mortality, in a low prevalence cohort of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli.Methods: From January 18, 2010 to December 31, 2012, we conducted a retrospective cohort study including patients with E. coli bacteremia from six university hospitals in Copenhagen, Denmark. Clinical and laboratory information was obtained from a bacteremia research database, including information on comorbidity, and we used Cox proportional hazard analysis to asses all-cause 14 days mortality.Results: A total of 568 patients receiving either cefuroxime (n=377) or piperacillin/tazobactam (n=191) as empirical therapy were included. In the Cox proportional hazard model, cefuroxime treatment was significantly associated with death (mortality rate ratio 3.95, CI 1.12–13.90). Other variables associated with death were health care related infection (MRR 3.20, CI 1.67–6.15), hospital-acquired infection (MRR 2,17, CI 1.02–4.62), admission at intensive care unit (MRR 20.45, 5.31–78.82), and combination therapy with ciprofloxacin (MRR 2.14, CI 0.98–4.68).Conclusion: Empiric cefuroxime treatment of E. coli bacteremia was significantly associated with higher 14 days mortality in comparison with piperacillin/tazobactam.Keywords: piperacillin/tazobactam, cefuroxime, E. coli, bacteremia, mortalit
The influence of cadmium accumulation and dietary status on fatty acid composition in two colour forms of shore crabs Carcinus maenas
No full textEvaluation of mercury-induced changes in circadian heart rate rhythms in the freshwater crab, Potamon potamios and the crayfish, Astacus astacus as an early predictor of mortality
No full textSeasonal variations in hepatopancreas fatty acid profiles of two colour forms of shore crabs Carcinus maenas
No full textSteroidogenic disruptive effects of the serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors duloxetine, venlafaxine and tramadol in the H295R cell assay and in a recombinant CYP17 assay
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine the steroidogenic endocrine disrupting effect of the three most widely used serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors duloxetine, venlafaxine and tramadol, using two in vitro models, the H295R assay and a recombinant CYP17 enzyme assay. Steroid hormones were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Duloxetine showed endocrine disrupting effects at 5-20μM with CYP17 being the main target. Venlafaxine also affected the steroidogenesis, mainly by affecting the CYP17 lyase reaction, although at much higher concentrations i.e. 100μM. Tramadol only exerted minor effects on the steroidogenesis with the lowest observed effect at 314μM. Based on the H295R results, the inhibition of CYP17 by duloxetine and venlafaxine was investigated in a recombinant CYP17 assay with the use of the 4 major CYP17 substrates pregnenolone, progesterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. Both duloxetine and venlafaxine inhibited CYP17 enzyme activity, but duloxetine was most potent. IC50-values were in the range 5.3-21μM for duloxetine and 1318-2750μM for venlafaxine. Overall, results from the recombinant CYP17 assay confirmed the results from the H295R cell assay. Using testosterone as end point, the margin of safety (defined as NOAEL/Cmax) for duloxetine was 1.6 indicating that duloxetine may have endocrine disrupting effects. In contrast, venlafaxine and tramadol showed higher margins of safety (venlafaxine: 24; tramadol: 157) indicating a lower potential to disrupt the human steroidogenesis.</p
The influence of bulk and trace metals on the circadian rythm of heart rates in freshwater crayfish Astacus astacus
No full textEnvironmental risk assessment of three selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the aquatic environment: A case study including a cocktail scenario
No full textCYP330A1 and CYP4C39 enzymes in the shore crab Carcinus maenas:sequence and expression regulation by ecdysteroids and xenobiotics
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