1,721,050 research outputs found
KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS AND DNA CONTENT IN 2 SPECIES OF ROOT APHIDS
No full textIn this paper we describe the karyotypes of two aphid species, Tetraneurella akinire and Anoecia nemoralis, found on the roots of Graminacee. Karyotype analysis in T. akinire have shown variations in chromosome number which are discussed in relation to the evolution of aphid karyotypes. Moreover, we estimated the DNA content in somatic cells of both species. Since emission values observed in mitotic plates of T. akinire with 14-15-16 chromosomes were completely overlapping, we can conclude that these karyotype variations are solely due to chromosome fragmentation
Presenza di resistenza “kdr” in popolazioni di Musca domestica L. (Diptera, Muscidae) raccolte il provincia di Piacenza.
No full textIl contributo analizza la diffusione di mutazioni nel gene del canale del sodio alla base della resistenza “kdr” in popolazioni di Musca domestica L. (Diptera, Muscidae) raccolte il provincia di Piacenza
Approccio citogenetico e molecolare allo studio della cromatina in cromosomi olocentrici-olocinetici.
No full textIl lavoro illustra i risultati ottenuti sviluppando un approccio citogenetico e molecolare allo studio della cromatina in cromosomi olocentrici-olocinetici negli afidi
Cytogenetic analysis of the holocentric chromosomes of the aphid Schizaphis graminum
Full text linkChromatin organization in the holocentric chromosomes of the aphid Schizaphis graminum has been investigated at a cytological level after C-banding, NOR, Giemsa, DAPI and CMA(3) staining. C-banding technique showed the presence of numerous C bands on the two X chromosomes both in telomeric and intercalary regions, whereas autosomes show a small number of heterochromatic bands. Contrary to the results with other aphid species, in S. graminum the C-banding pattern is peculiar to each chromosome pair, thus allowing the identification of homologues and the reliable reconstruction of a karyotype. These cytogenetic data could be useful for the identification of chromosomal rearrangement eventually occurred between different S. graminum biotypes. Moreover, silver staining and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with a 28S rDNA probe localized rDNA genes on one telomere of each X chromosome; these are the only brightly fluorescent C-positive regions revealed after CMA(3) staining, whereas all other heterochromatic bands are DAPI positive
Sex chromosome pairing: the role of rDNA genes in the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
No full textThe paper describes the role of rDNA genes in sex chromosome pairing in the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum
Sex disparity and drug-induced liver injury
No full textDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a potentially serious clinical condition that remains a major problem for patients, physicians and those involved in the development of new drugs. Population and hospital-based studies have reported incidences of DILI varying from 1.4 to 19.1/100.000. Overall, females have a 1.5- to 1.7-fold greater risk of developing adverse drug reactions and the female/male ratio increases after the age of 49 years, suggesting a clear susceptibility of DILI after menopause. Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic, sex-specific hormonal effects or interaction with signalling molecules that can influence drug efficacy and safety and differences in abnormal immune response following drug exposure are the main probable causes of the higher vulnerability observed among female patients. A novel phenotype of autoimmune-mediated DILI following the use of check-point inhibitors in oncology and haematology has been recently described. Finally, there have been increasing reports of DILI associated with use of herbal and dietary supplements that is more frequently reported in women
New Perspectives in Liver Transplantation: From Regeneration to Bioengineering
Full text linkAdvanced liver diseases have very high morbidity and mortality due to associated complications, and liver transplantation represents the only current therapeutic option. However, due to worldwide donor shortages, new alternative approaches are mandatory for such patients. Regenerative medicine could be the more appropriate answer to this need. Advances in knowledge of physiology of liver regeneration, stem cells, and 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering have accelerated the race towards efficient therapies for liver failure. In this review, we propose an update on liver regeneration, cell-based regenerative medicine and bioengineering alternatives to liver transplantation
Cytogenetic and Molecular Analysis of Heterochromatic Areas in the Holocentric Chromosomes of Different Aphid species.
No full textL'articolo presenta una revisione delle ricerche di citogenetica classica e molecolare svolte allo scopo di mettere in evidenza le peculiarità dei cromosomi olocentrici degli afidi
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