323,389 research outputs found
DTPA-Functionalized silica-based monoliths for the removal of transition and lanthanide ions from aqueous phase
No full textTransition and rare-earth metals are essential raw materials used in a wide range of technological applications; moreover, their consumption is often associated with high production of wastes. Therefore, their recycling and recovery from end-of-life products or metal-contaminated aqueous environments is of considerable importance from a circular economy perspective. In our study, synthetic mesoporous silica monoliths, obtained by sol-gel synthesis[1] and functionalized with chelating groups are used for the recovery of metal ions from aqueous matrices (MONO-DTPA). The monoliths were characterized using a multi-technique approach and were tested in the recovery of paramagnetic Gd3+, Cu2+ and Co2+ ions from aqueous solutions, using 1H-NMR relaxometry to evaluate their uptake performance in real time and in simple conditions[2]. Detailed information on the kinetics of the capture process was also extrapolated. Finally, the possibility to regenerate the solid sorbents was evaluated. The modified silica monoliths were able to recover an appreciable amount of both di- and trivalent metal ions. The best results were obtained in the case of Cu2+ after 24 hours of contact, with a recovered amount of 0.29 mmol/g corresponding to 18.48 mg/g (Fig. 1, A).
The capture performance of MONO-DTPA has been shown to be superior to that of natural or synthetic materials commonly used for metal ion removal (Fig 1, B).
[1] V. Miglio, C. Zaccone, C. Vittoni, I. Braschi, E. Buscaroli, G. Golemme, L. Marchese and C. Bisio, Molecules 2021, 26, 1316
[2] S. Marchesi, S. Nascimbene, M. Guidotti, C. Bisio and F. Carniato, Dalton Trans. 2022, 51, 4502–4509
Advance in histochemistry, ultrastructure and secretion of glandular trichomes in Salvia dolomitica Codd.
No full textIn order to have better knowledge of African sages, we begun the study of some Salvia species (Serrato Valenti, 1997; Bisio et al., 1998; Bisio et al., 2001) belonging to the G species-group according to Hedge classification (1974). In the present work we examined the ultrastructure and the histochemistry of the glandular trichomes, and the essential oil and the exudate products of Salvia dolomitica Codd., a shrub, native of Transvaal, South Africa.
The leaves of S. dolomitica appeared covered by uniseriate non-glandular trichomes and glandular trichomes. The latter occurred as peltate and capitate (Bisio et al., 2001).
The histochemistry of peltate hairs evidenced a secretion with abundant hydrophobic substances, but also small quantities of hydrophilic substances (polysaccharides, flavonoids, phenols, essential oil, triterpenoids). The ultrastructural observations are consistent with the histochemical ones; indeed, the former showed abundant plastids and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER), typical organelles of lipophilic secreting cells, as observed in many other trichomes secreting lipophilic substances. SER can also be responsible for flavonoid secretion, as indicated also by Schopker et al. (1995).
Two types of capitate hairs, depending on the number of the secreting and stalk cells, were observed. The cytoplasm of type I presented numerous Golgi stacks, plastids and dilated ER, that are organelles respectively responsible for secretion of polysaccharides, terpenes and also flavonoids. Indeed, histochemical observations indicated a complex secretion, in which phenolic compounds, polysaccharides and terpenes were present. Also in type II trichomes the histochemical and ultrastructural observations indicated a complex secretion with phenolic compounds, polysaccharides and terpenes, but probably the release of secretion occurs in a different way and at a different time.
In S. dolomitica the essential oil was mainly constituted by monoterpene hydrocarbons, followed by oxigenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The main components of the oil were represented by substances that are often described for other Salvia species, 1,8-cyneol, limonene, -3-carene, -pinene and -caryophyllene.
The analysis of leaf surface extract identified abietane diterpenoids: carnosol and 7-methoxirosmanol suggesting that these products could be good taxonomic markers.
BISIO A, FONTANA N, ROMUSSI G, DE TOMMASI N. 1998. Pharmazie 53: 210-211.
BISIO A, ROMUSSI G, MALECI L, CORALLO A, ZAPPA E, PROFUMO P. 2001. 96°Congresso della Società Botanica Italiana – Varese 26-28 settembre 2001. 145.
HEDGE IC. 1974. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. 33: 1-118.
SCHÖPKER H, KNEISEL M, BEERHUES L, ROBENEK H, WIERMANN R. 1995. Planta 196: 712-719.
SERRATO-VALENTI G, BISIO A, CORNARA L, CIARALLO G. 1997. Annals of Botany 79: 329-336
GC-MS analysis of the essential oils of some cultivated Salvia species.
No full textThe chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from plants belonging to Salvia genus is a
very interesting matter of study as not well-known species are potential new raw materials in herbal
formulations for cosmetic, food or pharmaceutical products. The genus Salvia (tribe Mentheae),
constituted by 900 species, is a tropical and sub-tropical genus and it is one of the most
representative genus of Lamiaceae. In course of a study on this genus (Bisio et al.,1997; Bisio et
al.,1998a; Bisio et al.,1998b; Bisio et al.,1999a; Bisio et al.,1999b; Romussi et al., 2001), the
results of an investigation on the essential oils of cultivated species are reported. The study was
carried out on Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv. 'La Luna' and Salvia x jamensis J.Compton cv 'La
Siesta' (Mexican species), Salvia disermas L., Salvia somalensis Vatke and Salvia repens Burch. ex
Benth. (African species) (Epling, 1939; Hedge, 1974). Only fresh plant samples were analysed in
order to avoid any sort of alteration in the essential oil composition due to the drying process. These
species were collected in two different years (2004 and 2005). Only one study is reported in
literature for S. somalensis and it was carried on dried plant samples (Chialva et al., 1992), collected
in the Hanbury Botanical Gardens of La Mortola, Ventimiglia (Italy). The essential oils were
hydrodistilled by means of a Clevenger apparatus and analysed by GC-MS in order to evaluate
differences in the composition among these species and to compare the results with those previously
studied. Futhermore, it was very interesting to study how the main constituents could change in
different cultivars of the same species, besides the influence of different harvesting period.
Moreover, as the distribution of terpenoids in Salvia is considered of taxonomic significance in
subfamilial classification, phytogeographical and infrageneric distribution, our work can increase
the knowledge on some African and American cultivated species, and give a contribution to chemotaxonomic
studies on volatile and non-volatile terpenoid constituents in Salvia genus.
(Ramamoorthy et al., 1988; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1992; Rodríguez-Hahn et al., 1994.
"The occupational physician's role in risk communication [Ruolo del medico competente nella comunicazione del rischio]"
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Total quality strategy in the formative process of the occupational physician
No full textInterest in applying the concepts of total quality management to the fields of health care and medical education is growing. This paper analyzes the field of education in occupational medicine to explore the relationships between teaching and the deliverance of a product or a service. Issues such as defining teaching customers, addressing customer needs, teaching processes, and assessing and improving quality teaching are described. The occupational physician is requested to act according to particular competencies. This demand implies the need to meet specific requirements. To assure the achievement of these goals, the implementation of a teaching process must include (i) targeting the learning objectives (the knowledge, skills, and attitudes the specialist should have), (ii) planning the evaluation system (ability of the course to assure the achievement of the objective), (iii) evaluating the curriculum (compliance of the acquired competencies to the needs)
Use of the Total Quality strategy in the educational process of the occupational medicine specialist [Applicazione della strategia della Qualit_ Totale nel processo formativo dello specialista in Medicina del Lavoro.
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"The educational process of the occupational physician: Need for quality [Il processo formativo del 'medico competente': Esigenza di qualita]
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Salvia miniata Fernald (Lamiaceae): characterization of a new clerodane diterpenoid and phytotoxic activity of previously isolated diterpenes
No full textPlanta Med 2009; 75
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1234884
Salvia miniata Fernald (Lamiaceae): characterization of a new clerodane diterpenoid and phytotoxic activity of previously isolated diterpenes
A Bisio 1, D Fraternale 2, E Russo 1, G Romussi 1, S Cafaggi 1, G Caviglioli 1, N De Tommasi 3
1 Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche e Alimentari, Università di Genova, Via Brigata Salerno, 16147 Genova, Italia
2 Istituto di Botanica, Università di Urbino, Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, Italia
3 Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Salerno, Italia
In a preliminary test, the aerial part exudate of Salvia miniata Fernald [1] showed anti-germinative activity against Papaver rhoeas L. and Avena sativa L. In this work, the antigerminative activity of previously isolated diterpenes [2] has been evaluated and the phytotoxicity (total germination inhibition at 60mg/L against Papaver and at 80mg/L against Avena) of one of these is described. Moreover, we report a new compound obtained from the chromatographic separation of a not previously considered exudate fraction. The surface exudate, obtained by rinsing the plant material with CH2Cl2, and subjected to repeated column chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel and to semi-preparative reversed-phase HPLC, yielded a new clerodane diterpenoid (1), identified by IR and NMR analysis, including TOCSY, COSY, HSQC, HMBC and ROESY experiments.
References: [1] Epling, C. (1940) A Revision of Salvia, subgenus Calosphace. In: Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis. Vol.110. Fedde F. Berkley, California: University of California Press.
[2] Bisio, A. et al. (2008) Planta Med. 74:1041-104
In vitro propagation, transformation and biomass production and analysis in S. wagneriana Polak.
No full textThe species S. wagneriana Polak, sub-genus Calosphace, section Cardinales is a tropical
ornamental species, the origin is Guatemala, Costa Rica; it is a large tropical sage with showy rosy
– pink flowers. It is well adapted to the Mediterranean area and it is known for gardens and for pot
plant production. In the frame of an international project on the improvement of the genus Salvia
both for ornamental and medicinal purposes, S. wagneriana was studied for alternative uses.
In 2004, Bisio et al. (Planta Medica 70: 452-457) described the identification of three new clerodane
diterpenoids, hardwickiic acid and 1,10-dehydrosalviarin from the surface exudates of the aerial
part of in vivo grown plants of S. wagneriana; and interesting antifeedant activity was observed by
using the crude extract.
Only several reports of in vitro culture on the genus Salvia were found in literature; some of them
reported the possibility to identify and produce active compounds from hairy root, callus and cell
biomass. No reports were found for S. wagneriana. The objective of this work was to study in S.
wagneriana the micropropagation performances, the transformation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes
and the biomass production and analysis.
After several attempts, aseptic explants were obtained from apical and axillary buds of plant grown
in the Hanbury Botanical Garden in Ventimiglia (I). The in vitro proliferation was evaluated in the
presence of the cytokinins Benzyladenine and Kinetin; the BA (0.3 mgl-1) induced the highest
multiplication rate. Root emergence was obtained in PGR-free medium and the plants were
acclimatised promptly. Experiments on transformation with wild strains of Agrobacterium
rhizogenes were carried out using leaf disks and stem fragments of micropropagated plants. Several
HR lines were selected and isolated after transformation with the strain 15834 which showed the
highest transformation percentage. The molecular evidence of the transformation was made by
detection of the rolC gene in the putative transformed hairy roots. The HR liquid cultures, treated
with elicitors (jasmonic acid and casein hydrolysate) were then analysed for the presence or absence
of active compounds; a preliminary TLC control showed the presence of ursolic acid and β-
sitosterol
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