1,720,979 research outputs found
Integrating traffic & driving behaviour in automotive research
No full textConnected and automated vehicles (CAVs) promise a number of benefits for the individual, the society and the economy, e.g. regarding road safety, social inclusion and transport efficiency. At the same time, it is of high relevance for the competitiveness of the European industry and it provides the potential for disruptive innovation in the transportation of people and goods and in the associated services.
While so far the safety and efficiency of road transport was organized with the driver and other road users being in charge to comply with traffic rules and traffic management, connected and automated road transport implies an essential paradigm shift from such approach; automated vehicles will directly receive stimuli from traffic. On the other hand, interaction design must solve potential loss of safety in mode transition situations up to SAE level 3 of CAVs and interaction between automated and human driving behaviour should be carefully considered. Moreover, the human role changes even more fundamentally from a driver to a user/passenger (SAE level 4 and 5).
All the previous said, traffic and driving behaviour have to be duly taken into account in the development and testing, as well in the validation of CAV solutions and in the definition of the Operational Design Domains (ODDs) associated to CAVs development and testing. Finally, in-vehicle systems need to collaborate with off-board perception systems through intelligent transportation systems (ITS), such as positioning, navigation and dynamic maps, as well as real-time traffic information, to enhance the in-vehicle perception system capabilities.
In order to properly deal with all the previous needs, a comprehensive simulation platform is going to be established at the University of Naples Federico II, aimed to help scientists and technicians in the development and testing of CAVs. The platform is based on a co-simulation approach, able to integrate different state-of-the art tools (coming from different domains) into one enhanced platform. The issues to be addressed and the architectural framework at the base of the integrated platform are here briefly presented
Smart roads e testing di veicoli autonomi
Full text linkOpportunità e criticità relative alla guida autonoma e connesso ed alla realizzazione delle Smart Roa
C-ITS communication: An insight on the current research activities in the European Union
No full textCooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems aim at connecting vehicles, among them and/with road infrastructures, so as to increase traffic safety and efficiency. The paper focuses on the European framework for supporting the development of Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility, in order to provide an overview about the current status of testing and deployment activities in the field, in view of the milestone of 2019 which has been identified as the start time for the actual deployment of mature services. Therefore, firstly, the European strategy is described and communication (collectively known as vehicle-to-everything) services, as well as related technologies, are discussed. Then, funded research projects across the Union are recalled and, finally, a critical discussion on the resulting picture is provided
Co-Simulation Framework for Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Integrated CCAM Services
No full textThe Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM) paradigm is leading towards a digitalized mobility. However, the implications of the integration of new technologies and services in a real mobility environment are still unclear, and a significant enhancement in the testing of such solutions is required. In this context, a crucial step is the development of co-simulation frameworks representing the different hetero-geneous components of the road environment in a realistic and integrated way. To this end, here we propose a co-simulation framework that extends Eclipse MOSAIC, a co-simulation platform for testing and validation of Cooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) services, with Hardware-in-the-Loop capabilities. Specifically, we integrate a real-time target hardware as a new add-in component, thus offering an efficient tool for integrated CCAM solutions testing. In addition, the In Vehicle Signage C-ITS service is implemented as a new application as a proof of concept. Finally, we test the correct operations of proposed extended co-simulation framework in a realistic case study involving different traffic conditions. The practical implementation demonstrates the versatility and scalability of the selected simulation framework, thereby paving the way for the development of additional services through a rapid prototyping methodology
Simulation Experiments for an Approximate Definition of the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram
No full textThe paper presents some exploratory experiments for defining a Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram starting from data collected in some specific sensor network layouts, that is by just monitoring the cordon of a study area. Variables defined in the original proposition of the MFD where here re-defined by just considering the number of vehicles estimated to be present in the study area (N) by means of this layout. We found that in some cases a strong correlation among defined variables can be found, and also similar patterns in the depicted MFD are evidenced. Findings of the paper are limited, given the limited amount of simulation performed, and also considering the limited number of factors varied in the simulations; as expected, results seem to be strongly affected by the traffic demand. Apart that, the approach is worth to be investigated, because this kind of layout is becoming very common in some urban contexts (e.g. in Italy)
Intersection crossing in mixed traffic flow environment leveraging V2X information
Full text linkThe paper addresses the problem of safe crossing a non-signalized intersection in a mixed traffic scenario composed of both connected human-driven and autonomous vehicles. To solve this problem, we propose a control strategy that leverages information shared via V2X for extending the line-of-sight of the on-board ranging sensors. The control protocol augments the classical I-ADAS approach based on local measurements with an additional networked action that has the aim of preventing oncoming colliding situations. The control strategy is purposely designed for counteracting the unavoidable presence of communication impairments that turns into multiple time-varying delays affecting the information sent via the cyber-space. The numerical analysis, carried out leveraging the Matlab/Simulink platform, discloses the effectiveness of the approach for a challenging case where vehicles dynamic conditions are such that collisions would have occurred at the intersection if the vehicle would only be equipped with range sensors
Modeling risk perception in ATIS context through fuzzy logic
No full textThis research is aimed at investigating the effect of accuracy of ATIS (Advanced Traveller Information Systems) in terms of route choices and travellers' concordance to informative system. A Stated Preference Experiment has been made by using a Travel Simulator developed at the Technische Universiteit of Delft (The Netherlands). During the experiment respondents have been asked to make repeated route choices in presence of ATIS. Two kinds of information have been tested: descriptive (respondents are provided with the estimated travel times on each route), and prescriptive (respondents are provided with the estimated shortest route). For each kind of information four levels of accuracy have been considered: high, low and two intermediate levels. The main research aims are: 1. investigating the relationship between accuracy of information and travellers' concordance to informative system; 2. investigating the relationship between accuracy of information and route choices. Some preliminary aggregate and statistical analyses have been made; additionally, collected data have been deeply analyzed, and a fuzzy logic approach has been applied in order to reproduce the travellers' behaviour
An overview of cooperative driving in the European Union: Policies and practices
No full textCooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems aim to connect vehicles, both with one another and with road infrastructures, so as to increase traffic safety and efficiency. This paper focuses on the European framework for supporting the development of Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility, and aims to shed light on the current state of testing and deployment activities in the field at the start of 2019. This may be considered particularly timely, given that the year 2019 was identified as the starting date for the deployment of mature services and, currently, the Community legislation is paying great attention to the matter. In order to present a concise (but comprehensive) picture, we consulted and analysed the most diverse sources comprising more than 2000 pages
Variable Speed Limits System: A Simulation-Based Case Study in the city of Naples
Full text linkThe development of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) aims to improve the performance of transport systems in terms of efficiency, safety and energy saving. Among these services, the Variable Speed Limit (VSL) systems are widely used to mitigate the problem of traffic congestion by changing the road speed limits in response to traffic, incidents, and/or weather conditions. This paper investigates the effects of a VSL system on a freeway road segment of the city of Naples. The control strategy leverages volume, occupancy and average speed data, provided by loop detectors located along the road, for adapting dynamically the road speed limit. Numerical simulations were carried out by exploiting VISSIM microscopic traffic simulator, which embedded the control strategy, for two different scenarios: with and without the VSL system. Results disclose the effectiveness of the VSL control strategy in improving road efficiency by reducing speed variance and increasing both average speed and volume of vehicles. Moreover, the VSL system has also proved to have environmental benefits, since it allows reducing fuel consumption
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