55 research outputs found
Bir İstanbul semtinin tarihsel panoraması: ondokuzuncu yüzyıl sonundan 2000'lere Cihangir
No full textThis study can be seen as a contribution to the history of a cosmopolitan Istanbul neighborhood, Cihangir, where Greeks, Armenians, Jews, Levantines, Turks, and other Muslim and non-Muslim inhabitants lived in harmony for centuries. Based on oral history narratives by older and new inhabitants of the neighborhood as well as primary sources identified by the author, the present study aims to shed light on its cosmopolitan fabric and the changes it has undergone throughout the republican history of Turkey. It reflects its author’s perspective which situates the story of Cihangir within the framework of the story of the decline of cosmopolitan Istanbul due to the Turkification policies of the nationalist state. After a series of regrettable events like the notorious Wealth Tax of 1942, the 6-7 September riots in 1955, and the 1964 decree for the deportation of Greek nationals, Cihangir lost its original human fabric with the gradual departure of its non-Muslim inhabitants, specifically the Greeks, who were the main population in the neighborhood. It also presents the cosmopolitan mahalle life in Cihangir, especially in the 1950s and the 1960s. After a period of déclassement, however, Cihangir was reinvented in a globalizing metropolis, Istanbul. This study also discusses the process of gentrification in Cihangir and its effects on the neighborhood and the daily mahalle life there. Present day Cihangir is a culturally heterogeneous but ethnically less mixed neighborhood embracing the few remaining Greeks, Armenians, Jews and Levantines. However, it is a neighborhood still living together with its past.Bu çalışma yüzyıllardır Rum, Ermeni, Musevi, Levanten, Türk ve diğer Müslüman ve gayrimüslim unsurların bir arada uyum içinde yaşadıkları kozmopolit bir İstanbul semti olan Cihangir'in tarihine bir katkı olarak görülebilir. Eski ve yeni Cihangirlilere ait sözlü tarih anlatıları ve yazar tarafından ortaya çıkarılan birincil kaynaklara dayanan bu çalışma semtin kozmopolit dokusuna ve onun Cumhuriyet tarihi boyunca geçirdiği dönüşümlere bir ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Bu çalışma Cihangir'in hikayesini milliyetçi devletin Türkleştirme politikaları ile ilintili olarak kozmopolit stanbul'un düşüş hikayesi içerisine yerleştiren yazarının perspektifini yansıtmaktadır. 1942 Varlık Vergisi, 6-7 Eylül 1955 olayları, 1964'te Yunan tebaalıların sınır dışı edilmesine yol açan kararname gibi bir dizi üzücü olay sonrasında Cihangir gayrimüslim, özellikle de semtin ağırlıklı nüfusu olan Rum sakinlerinin zaman içerisinde ayrılması sonucunda orijinal insan dokusunu kaybetmiştir. Çalışma aynı zamanda özellikle 1950'ler ve 1960'ların Cihangirindeki kozmopolit mahalle hayatını da yansıtmaktadır. Bununla birlikte Cihangir bir dönem geçirdiği sınıfsal düşüşün ardından küreselleşen bir metropol olan İstanbul'da yeninden keşfedilmiştir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda Cihangir'de mutenalaşma sürecini ve onun semt ve oradaki mahalle hayatı üzerindeki etkilerini tartışmaktadır. Günümüzde Cihangir kültürel anlamda heterojen ama etnik olarak daha az karışık fakat hala az sayıdaki Rum, Ermeni, Musevi ve Levanten sakinlerini kucaklayan ve her şeye rağmen bugünü dünü ile birlikte yaşayan bir semttir
Addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block
No full textPurpose: Research is ongoing to determine the lowest dose of local anesthetics in brachial plexus block that provides adequate anesthesia and postoperative analgesia and reduces complications related to local anesthetics.
Methods: Patients 18-65 years of age who underwent upper limb surgery and who received ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block at the Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between February 2014 and January 2015 were included in the study (n=50). Supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks were performed on Group B cases by adding 30 ml 0.33% bupivacaine and on Group BD cases by adding 15 ml 0.33% bupivacaine and 1 µg / kg dexmedetomidine. Block success was evaluated by the onset and block duration of motor and sensory block and the duration of analgesia.
Results: The block success of Group B and Group BD was 92.6% and 89.3%, respectively (P = 1.000). Onset time of sensory block, degree of sensory block, duration of sensory block, onset time of motor block, degree of motor block and duration of motor block were similar in both groups in the intergroup comparison (P > 0.05). Duration of analgesia and the operative conditions of groups were similar (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: In the implementation of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block, block success, sensory and motor block and analgesia duration were similar for patients anaesthetized with 30 ml of bupivacaine in comparison with dexmedetomidine+bupivacaine (when the bupivacaine dose was reduced by 50% by the addition of the adjuvant)
Complications of bronchoscopy for foreign body removal: experience in 1035 cases
No full textBACKGROUND: Tracheobronchial foreign body aspirations, which threaten lives in childhood, also carry potential risks during and after bronchoscopy. The aim of this study is to review complications and precautions that need to be taken against possible risks
Comparison of the effects of ketamine or lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough in patients undergoing surgery: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
No full textAbstractBackground: Fentanyl-induced cough is common but has not been viewed as a serious anesthetic problem. However, the cough may be explosive at times, may require immediate intervention, and may be associated with undesirable increases in intracranial, intraocular, and intra-abdominal pressures. Prevention of fentanylinduced cough in such situations is of paramount importance. Ketamine, at concentrations achieved with standard clinical doses, has a direct relaxant effect on airway smooth muscle.Objective: This study was designed to assess the effects of ketamine or lidocaine on fentanyl-induced cough.Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted at the Erciyes University Medical School, Kayseri, Turkey. Consecutive adult patients aged 18 to 65 years and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II who were undergoing elective surgery with general anesthesia were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated equally into 3 groups to receive lidocaine 1 mg/kg, ketamine 0.5 μg/kg, or placebo intravenously 1 minute before fentanyl administration. Following intravenous fentanyl (1.5 μg/kg over 2 seconds) injection, an observer, unaware of the type of medication given to the patients, recorded the number of episodes of coughing, if any. Any episode of cough was classified as coughing and graded by investigators blinded to treatment as mild (1–2 coughs), moderate (3–4), or severe (≥5). Blood pressure, heart rate, pulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2), and adverse effects (AEs) were recorded.Results: A total of 368 patients were approached for inclusion; 300 patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. No patients in the ketamine group had cough. The frequency of cough was significantly lower in the lidocaine (11/100 [11%]; P = 0.024) and ketamine (0/100; P = 0.001) groups compared with the placebo group (23/100 [23%]). The intensity of cough was significantly lower in the lidocaine (mild, 7/100 [7%]; moderate, 4/100 [4%]; P = 0.037) and ketamine (0/100; P < 0.001) groups compared with the placebo group (mild, 10/100 [10%]; moderate, 12/100 [12%]; severe, 1/100 [1%]). Severe cough (≥5) was observed in 1 patient in the placebo group. Incidence and intensity of cough were significantly decreased in the ketamine group compared with the lidocaine group (incidence, P = 0.001; intensity, P = 0.003). There were no significant differences between groups with respect to systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, SpO2, and AEs.Conclusion: Intravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the reflex cough induced by fentanyl compared with lidocaine and placebo, and was well tolerated
Dexmedetomidine and meperidine prevent postanaesthetic shivering
No full textBackground and objective: This placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine compared with meperidine and placebo in preventing postanaesthetic shivering. Methods: We studied 120 patients (ASA I-II) scheduled for elective abdominal or orthopaedic surgery of about 1-3 h duration. Forty patients in each group randomly received 1 mu g kg(-1) of dexmedetomidine, 0.5 mg kg(-1) of meperidine or saline 0.9% as placebo, intravenously (i.v.). Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation and central body temperature were measured. Extubation, awakening and orientation times, shivering, pain, recovery and sedation scores were recorded. Results: Postanaesthetic shivering was seen in 22 patients in the placebo group, four patients in the meperidine group and six patients in the dexmedetomidine group. Sedation scores were significantly higher in the dexmedetomidine group compared with meperidine and placebo groups. Both dexmedetomidine and meperidine caused a significantly prolonged extubation and awakening time compared with placebo. Also, dexmedetomidine caused a significantly prolonged orientation time compared with other two groups. Conclusion: Intraoperative intravenously administration of dexmedetomidine 1 mu g kg(-1) reduces postanaesthetic shivering as does meperidine 0.5 mg kg(-1) in patients after major surgery
A new secure 2PL real-time concurrency control algorithm (ES2PL)
No full textA secure concurrency control algorithms must be devoid of covert channels originating from data conflicts between transactions, in addition to ensuring database integrity. Current secure concurrency control algorithms mistreat transactions with higher access classes. Because it better solves the priority inversion problem. A widely used concurrency control algorithm is the two-phase locking with high priority (2 PL-HP). The inclusion of cyclic restart, deadlock, unnecessary abort, pseudo-priority inversion, and starvation, on the other hand, may reduce its performance. In this paper, a new enhanced of secure two-phase locking protocol with multilevel secure distributed database systems is presented, the idea of enhanced secure Two-Phase locking protocol by adding the security level to assign the priority to the transaction. The enhanced add a secure manager to decide the level of the security and give the instruction to process the transaction in real lock with data x/virtual lock with version data x0 or decided to Abort the transaction based on the security level. The suggested study intends to reduce transaction miss rate by addressing the following issues: deadlock by splitting the execution stage into locking and processing phases, it reduces unnecessary cycle restart, transaction aborts by checking the security priority level (high, medium, low), and generating virtual lock and versions data. Finally, simulation performance confirms that improvement in transactions miss's percent and reduction in transactions' rollbacks compared to other secure concurrency control. © 2022 The Author
Turban pin aspiration: Non-asphyxiating tracheobronchial foreign body in young Islamic women
No full textBackground: Foreign body aspiration is rare in adults. However, in recent years, the aspiration of pins which are used for securing turbans (headscarves) is seen frequently in young women. The aim of this article was to review 105 patients who were admitted to our hospital for turban pin aspiration. Methods: Chest X-rays were used for diagnosis. Various methods of treatment were performed: laryngoscopy in 6 patients, flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy in 16, rigid bronchoscopy in 93, and thoracotomy in one patient, while in the other patient the turban pin was spontaneously expectorated. Results: Localization of the pin in the right bronchial system was common (52%). In 6 patients, turban pins located in the larynx were extracted successfully by direct laryngoscopy. Turban pins were successfully removed with a flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope in 4 patients of the 16 (25%) and by rigid bronchoscope in 93 patients of 94 (99%). The average time until discharge was 18 hours and there was no mortality. Conclusions: Turban pin aspiration is common in Islamic populations and treatment usually requires bronchoscopic procedures. In order to minimize turban pin aspiration frequency, we recommend that turbans should be secured by traditional fastening methods or with an apparatus which cannot be aspirated
Exploring Reciprocal Relationships of Land-Uses in a Historical Mixed-Use Quarter of Istanbul: Measuring mixed-use patterns of Cihangir
No full textIn this paper we explore the land-use patterns of a historical mixed-use quarter of Istanbul by focusing on the reciprocal relationships of housing and commercial uses. We are concerned with the distribution of land-use patterns based on spatial adjacency and land-use patterns within the buildings. We measure reciprocal relationships of housing and commercial uses by using GIS and Data Mining in a complementary way and we test if we can re-generate these relationships by evolutionary computation to further support land-use allocation in inner city regenerations or new urban developments.Architectural Engineering +TechnologyArchitecture and The Built Environmen
Comparison of Preincisional Infiltrated Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine for Acute Postoperative Pain Relief After Septorhinoplasty
No full textAbstractBackgroundTo maintain a high standard of patient care, it is essential to provide adequate pain management in patients who undergo nasal surgery. Levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are relatively new long-acting local anesthetics.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effect and blood loss of preincisional levobupivacaine HCl 0.25% and ropivacaine HCl 0.375% in patients undergoing septorhinoplasty.MethodsSixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II patients (18–55 years old) who were scheduled for elective open technique septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia were recruited for this study. The anesthetic technique was standardized for both groups. Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels were recorded for all patients. Patients were assigned randomly to 1 of 2 study groups, and preincisional surgical field infiltration with 5 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group L; n = 30) or 5 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine plus 5 mL of 0.9% saline (group R; n = 30) was performed by the same surgeon. The degree of pain was measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and recorded at multiple time points in all patients after surgery.ResultsThe analgesic effect at 2 hours in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and at 24 hours postoperatively did not differ significantly between the 2 local anesthetics (P > 0.05). Pain scores of patients decreased after the 24 hours in levobupivacaine group and ropivacaine group when compared with 0-minute VAS values, and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups with respect to the preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (P = 0.767 and 0.824, respectively) values.ConclusionsLocal tissue infiltration with 0.25% levobupivacaine or 0.375% ropivacaine is similarly effective in reducing the postoperative pain associated with septorhinoplasty
A variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a four-dimensional symmetry group and blow-up
No full textGüngör, Faruk (Dogus Author) -- Hasanov, Mahir H. (Dogus Author)A canonical variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a four-dimensional symmetry group containing SL(2, ℝ) group as a subgroup is considered. This typical invariance is then used to transform by a symmetry transformation a known solution that can be derived by truncating its Painlevé expansion and study blow-ups of these solutions in the L p-norm for p > 2, L ∞-norm and in the sense of distributions
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