46 research outputs found
The impact of climate variability and land cover change on land surface conditions in North-eastern Nigeria
No full textRecent droughts in the West African Sahel have been the most catastrophic since modern records began posing a threat to the economy and security of the region. Two contending views have evolved in the scientific community to explain the causes of re-occurring droughts in the West African Sahel Region. These themes are “the regional land-atmosphere feedback” mechanism and “ocean-atmosphere interaction”. This study is specific to a part of West Africa the North-eastern part of Nigeria and attempts to examine the impact of climate variability and land cover change on land surface conditions of fluxes in energy and momentum in the past (1980-2000) and in the future (2046-2065) based on the IPCC A2 emission scenario. The level of recovery of the region from previous droughts in the 1980s was evaluated using the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and linear regression to identify trends in monthly rainfall and number of rainy days in a month using monthly rainfall time series data between 1980 and 2006. The study further applies a range of stochastic linear models (ARIMA) to predict monthly rainfall time series over a 24 month period, a Cellular Automata –Markov model to project land cover for the year 2046, and a more dynamic land surface scheme the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) for simulating past (1980-2000) and future (2046-2065) land surface conditions of soil moisture, soil temperature, surface runoff, Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), latent and sensible heat fluxes. GIS techniques are used to assemble data on soil texture and fractional land cover types used as boundary conditions required by JULES in some of the simulations. As part of the model evaluation process the JULES land surface model output of surface soil moisture is evaluated with an European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite product. The sensitivity of the model to input data is examined through changes in scale and non-linearity in the calculation of soil hydraulic parameters. Results suggest that despite a recovery in rainfall in the 1990s from the previous droughts there is no significant recovery in monthly rainfall in the months following the onset of the wet season. The JULES model is more sensitive to scale than non-linearity in the calculation of soil hydraulic parameters. A strong correlation between the model’s near surface soil moisture and the ERS satellite near surface soil moisture product in areas where the satellite is believed to perform well, the RMSE and the similarities in the pattern of anomalies between the model and ERS satellite surface soil moisture is an indication of the ability of the model to successfully simulate land surface conditions in the study area. Simulations into the future (2046-2065) using the IPCC A2 emission scenario suggest a significant change in the land surface conditions due to changes in climatic conditions rather than changes in land cover fraction, despite a projected change in land cover based on previous trends from a predominantly broadleaf trees to a dominance of C4 grass (mostly croplands)
The impact of climate variability and land cover change on land surface conditions in North-eastern Nigeria
No full textRecent droughts in the West African Sahel have been the most catastrophic since modern records began posing a threat to the economy and security of the region. Two contending views have evolved in the scientific community to explain the causes of re-occurring droughts in the West African Sahel Region. These themes are “the regional land-atmosphere feedback” mechanism and “ocean-atmosphere interaction”. This study is specific to a part of West Africa the North-eastern part of Nigeria and attempts to examine the impact of climate variability and land cover change on land surface conditions of fluxes in energy and momentum in the past (1980-2000) and in the future (2046-2065) based on the IPCC A2 emission scenario. The level of recovery of the region from previous droughts in the 1980s was evaluated using the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and linear regression to identify trends in monthly rainfall and number of rainy days in a month using monthly rainfall time series data between 1980 and 2006. The study further applies a range of stochastic linear models (ARIMA) to predict monthly rainfall time series over a 24 month period, a Cellular Automata –Markov model to project land cover for the year 2046, and a more dynamic land surface scheme the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) for simulating past (1980-2000) and future (2046-2065) land surface conditions of soil moisture, soil temperature, surface runoff, Gross Primary Productivity (GPP), latent and sensible heat fluxes. GIS techniques are used to assemble data on soil texture and fractional land cover types used as boundary conditions required by JULES in some of the simulations. As part of the model evaluation process the JULES land surface model output of surface soil moisture is evaluated with an European Remote Sensing (ERS) satellite product. The sensitivity of the model to input data is examined through changes in scale and non-linearity in the calculation of soil hydraulic parameters. Results suggest that despite a recovery in rainfall in the 1990s from the previous droughts there is no significant recovery in monthly rainfall in the months following the onset of the wet season. The JULES model is more sensitive to scale than non-linearity in the calculation of soil hydraulic parameters. A strong correlation between the model’s near surface soil moisture and the ERS satellite near surface soil moisture product in areas where the satellite is believed to perform well, the RMSE and the similarities in the pattern of anomalies between the model and ERS satellite surface soil moisture is an indication of the ability of the model to successfully simulate land surface conditions in the study area. Simulations into the future (2046-2065) using the IPCC A2 emission scenario suggest a significant change in the land surface conditions due to changes in climatic conditions rather than changes in land cover fraction, despite a projected change in land cover based on previous trends from a predominantly broadleaf trees to a dominance of C4 grass (mostly croplands).EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Analysing secondary infections of Coronavirus Disease 2019 across the Geopolitical zones of Nigeria using estimated time dependent reproduction number
No full textTime dependent reproduction number (TD – R0) is a measure of secondary infections or transmissibility of a disease useful in monitoring changes in the rate of infection and assessing policies put in place to control the spread of a disease. In this study we used daily infections situation report of COVID – 19 published by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) to estimate Nigeria’s TD – R0 and then repeated the same for the six geo – political zones in the country. Estimates of TD – R0 values for the country from the 23rd of March – 27th of May 2020 fluctuated with a maximum of 2.3 (95% CrI) on the 19th of April and a minimum of 0.83 (95% CrI) on the 16th May 2020. Despite the decline in TD – R0 since the early stages of the outbreak of COVID – 19 in Nigeria suggesting a fall in the expected rate of secondary infection apart from the northwest and the northeast geo – political zones values remain above 1.0 for other zones and the country, generally. The Kolmogorov – Smirnov (KS) test was used to test the null hypothesis stating that the means of TD – R0 across the geo-political zones does not follow the same distribution pattern. After making adjustments for Type 1 – error we accepted the null hypothesis (p < 0.05) for six pairs of geo-political zones. We conclude that our findings are significant in studying the COVID – 19 epidemic in Nigeria and important in evaluating the strategies deployed by governments at the national and regional levels, thus, the same method can be replicated across Africa
Istihsan (juristic preference) : the forgotten principle of Islamic law
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
A little known source of Saljuq history: ?asan-ı Yazd?’s J?mi’at-Taw?r?kh-i ?asan?
No full textUrl: http://usad.selcuk.edu.tr/usad/article/view/76Bu çalışma, Timurlu dönemi müellifi Hasan-ı Yezdî’nin Câmi‘u’t-tevârîh-i Hasenî isimli Farsça eserinin Selçuklular kısmının; tanıtımı ve değerlendirmesini ihtiva etmektedir. Müellifin hayatı ve eserlerine değinildikten sonra, eserin muhtevası, önemi ve kaynaklarından bahsedilmiş, eserin Selçuklular kısmının kaynak değeri ortaya konulmuş, ayrıca eserin dil ve imlâ hususiyetleri, nüshaları incelenmiş ve eser üzerinde yapılan çalışmaların bir değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Tam adı Tâcu’d-dîn Hasan b. Şihâb b. Huseyn-i Yezdî olan müellif takriben 793/1390-91 yılında doğmuş, Timurlular’dan Mîrzâ İskender b. ‘Omer Şeyh ve Mîrzâ Sultan Ebu’l-Muzaffer Muhammed Bahadır b. Baysungur’un hizmetinde bulunmuştur. Müellif Câmi‘u’t-tevârîh-i Hasenî isimli eserini telife Timurlular’dan Mîrzâ Sultan Ebu’l-Muzaffer Muhammed b. Baysungur b. Şâhruh adına 855/1451 yılında başlamışsa da, onun 855 yılı Zî’l-hicce ayında (25 Aralık 1451-22 Ocak 1452) kardeşi Ebu’l-Muzaffer Babür b. Baysungur tarafından öldürülmesi üzerine eserini Ebu’l-Muzaffer Babür b. Baysungur’a ithaf etmiştir. Müellifin hayatının bundan sonraki bölümü ve ölüm tarihi hakkında kaynaklarda herhangi bir bilgi yoktur. Câmi‘u’t-tevârîh-i Hasenî, başlangıçtan müellifin kendi zamanına kadar gelen genel bir İslâm tarihidir. Câmi?u’t-tevârîh-i Hasenî, Selçuklular ve özellikle de Sultan Sencer devri için en tafsilatlı kaynaklardan birisidir. Eserin Selçuklu tarihi için asıl önemi, müellifin, başta Sencer-nâme (veya Rezm-nâme-yi Sencerî ya da Rûz-nâme-yi Sencerî) olmak üzere, günümüze ulaşmayan bazı kaynaklardan sık sık alıntılar yapmış olmasından gelmektedir. Câmi?u’t-tevârîh-i Hasenî’nin iki yazma nüshası günümüze ulaşmıştır: 1. İran Millî Kütüphanesi (Kit?bkh?na-yi Mill?-yi ?r?n, Tahran), nr. 1330. 2. Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi (İstanbul), Fatih 4307.The present work, consisting of an introduction and two main parts, is an analytical study of the chapter on the Saljuqs in the Persian chronicle titled J?mi? at-taw?r?kh-i ?asan? (?asan?’s Compendium of Chronicles) by a Timurid author, ?asan-i Yazd?. After addressing the life and works of the author, the contents of his chronicle, its importance, and its sources (as far as they are mentioned in the text), the introduction discusses the significance of this chapter as a source on the Saljuqs. In addition, this study details linguistic and stylistic features of the text and provides in-depth analysis of its extant copies and an evaluation of its previous studies. T?j ad-D?n ?asan b. Shih?b b. ?usayn-i Yazd? was born around 793/1390-91. He served two Timurid rulers, M?rz? Iskandar b. ?Umar Shaykh and M?rz? Sul??n Mu?ammad Bah?dir b. Baysungur. The author started writing this book in 855/1451 at the order of the Timurid M?rz? Sul??n Mu?ammad b. Baysungur. In Dhu’l-?ijja 855 (25 December 1451-22 January 1452) Mu?ammad b. Baysungur was killed by his brother B?bur. The author then dedicated this work to Babur b. Baysungur. No further information exists in the sources about the author’s life thereafter or the date of his death. J?mi? at-taw?r?kh-i ?asan? can be considered a general history of Islam from its very beginning until the time of its author. This work is one of the most extensive sources on the Saljuqs, particularly about the reign of Sultan Sanjar. For this reason it deserves to be taken into account on the Seljuq historiography. The author had access to Sanjar-n?ma (or Razm-n?ma-yi Sanjar? - R?z-n?ma-yi Sanjar?). He recurrently quotes from this and some other sources that are not extant. Two copies of J?mi? at-taw?r?kh-i ?asan? have survived to our time: 1.MS. Tehran, Iran Library (Kit?bkh?na-yi Mill?-yi ?r?n), 1330. 2. MS. Istanbul, Süleymaniye Library, Fatih 4307
Ömer Nesefi ve Kitabüʼl-Beyan an Ğaribiʼl-Kurʼan adlı eseri: metin ve inceleme
No full textBu tez çalışmasında Ebû Hafs Necmuddîn ʽUmer en-Nesefî'nin kaleme aldığı Kitâbu'l Beyân ʽan Ğarîbi'l Kurʼân adlı çalışması neşredilmiş ve ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân literatürüne katkıları belirlenmiştir. Bu amaçla tezde ilk olarak literatürdeki mevcut ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân tanımları ele alınmış ve bu tanımların ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân eserlerinin içerikleriyle uyumu araştırılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda söz konusu tanımların eser içeriklerini kapsamadıkları yönler tespit edilmiştir. Devamında en-Nesefî ve öncesi beş ayrı ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân eserinin içeriği karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiş ve bu eserlerin ortak mahiyetleri (açıklanan maddeler ve açıklamaların türü) belirlenmiştir. Eserlerin karşılaştırılması ve ortak mahiyetlerinin belirlenmesi Excel Pivot Tablolarının araştırmamıza uyarlanmasıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu tablolar başka araştırmacıların kullanımına da açılmıştır. Bu iki aşamanın sonucunda eserlerin ortak mahiyetlerini, özellikle açıklamaların türlerini, kapsayıcı yeni bir ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân tanımı teklif edilmiştir. Çalışmada ikinci olarak en-Nesefî'nin hayatı hakkında kısa bir bilgi verilmiş ve Ğarîbuʼl-Kurʼân adlı eserinin bir bölüm olarak yer aldığı Matlaʽuʼn nucûm ve mecmaʽu'l-ʽulûm adlı eseri kısaca tanıtılmıştır. Daha sonra en Nesefî'nin Ğarîbuʼl-Kurʼân adlı eseri ğarîbuʼl kurʼân, tefsir özeti olarak ve diğer ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân'larla muhteva olarak incelenmiştir. Buna göre en-Nesefî'nin Ğarîbuʼl-Kur’ân'ının ğarîbu'l-kurʼân tarifimize uygun olarak sadece luğavi açıklamalarla yetinmediği görülmüştür. en-Nesefî'nin eserini kendi yazdığı tefsirin bir özeti olarak ele alındığında ise, eserin ileri seviye tefsir okumalarına temel olmak üzere hazırlandığı ancak müellifin eserini tamamlayamadığı kanaati bizde oluşmuştur. en Nesefî'nin eseri son olarak kendisinden önce kaleme alınmış beş ğarîbuʼl-kurʼân ile kıyaslanmıştır. Bu sınırlı karşılaştırma sonucunda en-Nesefî'nin eserinin en çok İbn Kuteybe'nin eserine benzemekle birlikte, bu eserden daha kapsamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kesin bir sonuca ulaşmak için karşılaştırmanın İbn Kuteybe'nin eseri ile bütün sureler göz önüne alınarak yapılması gerektiği ileriki çalışmalar için önerilmiştir.This thesis consists of an authenticative reproduction of original manuscript titled Kitab al-Bayan an Ğarib al Qurʼân of Ebû Hafs Necmuddîn Umar al-Nasafi and determining its contributions to the related literature. The first part examines the definitions of ğarib al Qurʼân given in literature and their consistency with the contents of the titles Ğarib al Qurʼân. We concluded that existing definitions didn't encompass all aspects of ğarib al-Qurʼâns. Then, we have compared the contents of the work of al-Nasafi with five separate earlier manuscripts. For this comparative investigation Excel Pivot Tables were constructed and made freely available to other researchers. After identifying common contents (terms and/ or expressions explained and nature of explanation) of these six manuscripts, a comprehensive definition of ğarib al-Qurʼân was proposed.The second part presents a short biography of al-Nasafi and introduces Matlaʽuʼn nujûm va majmaʽu'l-ʽulûm where Ğarib al-Qurʼân constitutes a separate chapter. Then, his Ğarib al-Qurʼân was examined as ğarib al-Qurʼân, a concise tafseer, and its contents with respect to previous ones. This examination revealed that al Nasafi's Ğarib al-Qurʼân is more appropriately be considered as a summary of his previous voluminous tafseer; written as an introductory text for advanced tafseer studies. Unfortunately, it appears that the author could not complete his Ğarib al Qurʼân. The last part compares al-Nasafi's Ğarib al-Qurʼân with five previous manuscripts based on a limited but representative number of surahs. This comparison revealed that contentwise al-Nasafi's Ğarib al-Qurʼân is most resembling to but less comprehensive than that of Ibn Qutaybah. For future work, a comparison based on all of the surahs of the Qur’an is recommended for a decisive conclusion
Modern Arabic literary biography : a study of character portrayal in the works of Egyptian biographers of the first half of the twentieth century, with special reference to literary biography
No full textIn Chapter one, I presented a comparative definition of the meaning of Sirah (PI.Siyar), Tarjamah (Pl. Tarajim), Manaqib, Tabaqat and Maghazi as they were understood in antiquity. I also showed how the meaning of Sirah in modern times has only narrowly developed. Although the method of biographical writing continuously developed in Europe, it hardly progressed in Modem Arabic Literature. The only exception was seen in the writings by the pioneers of enlightenment in Egypt at the beginning of the twentieth century. This change of direction relied on borrowing European methodology in biographical writing.
In chapter two, I reviewed the early attempts at writing biographies in the nineteenth century by Abd al Rahman al- Jabarti and Ali Mubarak. Although both were the first
pioneers in this respect, yet they followed the footpath of classical approach above all that of al-Maqarizi from whom -Ali Mubarak derived inspiration in his book Al-Khitat al-Tawfiqiyyah.
In chapter three, I studied the twentieth century, starting with traditional biography writers who could not employ European methodologies and whose writings oscillated between biographical notes and biographical sketches; or whose texts were more of a literary study than a biography proper.
In chapters four to nine, I selected the most renowned, productive writers who best represented methodologies of biography writing. Perhaps certain writers have not
been mentioned in this period of study. This is not out of negligence but simply because their texts were totally out of reach, or their writings did not exhibit the
required literary criteria.
All methodologies representing the theory of biography writing in Egypt have been analysed in these chapters. All, in fact, form a digestion or assimilation of French,English and German schools. In Egypt, Taha Husayn is considered the chairman of the French school, al-Mazini and al-Aqqad of the English/German schools, al-Nuwaihi of the psychoanalytical/anatomical school and Sidqi who employed both. By contrast, al Iryan was the trailblazer of the distinguished biographical novel.
In these chapters, I tried to lay out the general outlines these writers have produced in the production of biographical texts, and how these attempts were a successful step on the road of presenting literary biographies characterized by high world standards.
Chapter ten may well seem traditional, but it is important to give a comparative outlook on the views of biography writers themselves when they study and analyse
the same character.
Among the characters studied ,I selected Bashsliar, Abu Nuwas, Ibn al-Run-i, al-Mutanabbi and al-Maarri. These are outstanding landmarks in the history of Arab verse and the subject of a multitude of studies as well. Modern biographers took these figures as a test field for the deployment and employment of biographical methodologies. I selected these examples to provide comparisons and explain how far these biographies were successful in producing a biography or a profile of those classical poets.
The conclusion and the bibliographical list arrived at the end of research.
I wish, however, to clarify one important point here. It seems that I could not fix the year 1950 as the temporal parameter of my research but took some textswhich were
published shortly beyond that point. The reason for this obvious extension was either to give additional useful details or simply because chapters of such texts had already
been published prior to that year and were known to the readership.
At times I would satisfy myself with analysing the part rather than the whole. This again was meant to eschew repetition or was due to the fact that the book in question
was not available
Abū ‘Abdullāh Muḥammad b. ‘Umar al-Wāqidī’s Historiography of the Prophet Muhammad’s Military Expeditions (A Critical Study of the Methododology with Special Focus on al-Wāqidī’s Kitāb al-Maghāzī)
No full textWithin the very specialist realm of Islamic history, the name of al-Wāqidī retains a somewhat unique place. Praised and respected by many, but also criticised by his fellow historians, al-Wāqidī is without doubt a polarising scholar of the military expeditions of the Prophet Muhammed. His most famous and the only fully preserved work, ‘Kitāb al-Maghāzi’, continues to divide opinion as it has done for many centuries." This thesis argues that the doubts and scepticism directed at al-Waqidi’s works as a reliable historical source have to be reviewed and reassessed. The thesis claims that the strength of his work rely less on its authenticity in establishing what happened in the past and is far more intriguing as part of a genre that can be called Islamic historiography. Thus, the focus here is on the methods and style adopted by al-Waqidi while also claiming that other contemporary histories are as problematic as his. The method of the thesis is first to explore the literature and debates about Islamic historiography and highlight the need to look at the historiographical method and less on the historical content. The conclusion is that textual interpretation of the works of al-Waqidi highlights his importance, underrated by other scholars.The thesis demonstrates the ‘authenticity’ and ‘reliability’ of al-Waqidi’s Kitab al-maghazi by locating these in al-Waqidi’s historical method, which can be summarized as follows: collection of facts, dates, duration, biography, tradition (whatever this may mean), isnad, authoritative scholarly sources, eyewitness accounts; narrating ‘history’ around, let us say, the tropes of history as ‘revelation’ and ‘salvation’, which are cultural determined; and ‘agency’ of the author, al-Waqidi, that allows him to transcend the ‘conditions’ in which he lived, demonstrated by his representation of warriors and diplomats and women, by his equal reliance on faith and reason, and his strategies of ‘forgetting’ the pre-Islamic past. As such this is a solid reading of al-Waqidi’s text based on informed understanding of the narrative techniques of 9th/10th-century Arabic-Islamic ‘history’.
KASA İNVAZE OLMAYAN MESANE KANSERLERİNDE DİSBİYOZUN REKKÜRENS ÜZERİNDE ROLÜ VAR MIDIR?
No full textAmaç: Mesanetümörlü hastaların doku ve orta akım idrar örneklerinde nüks gözlenmesine göre bakteriyelfarklılığın olup olmadığını değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.Materyal ve metod: ÇalışmamızaMart 2019 ve Ekim 2020 tarihleri arası mesanede kitlesel lezyon tespit edilmesinedeniyle primer transüretral rezeksiyon mesane-tümörü (TUR-MT) yapılan patolojisimesane kanseri ile uyumlu olan 12 erkek hasta dahil edildi. Hastalardan operasyonöncesinde 50 ml orta akım idrar ve operasyon sırasında mikrobiyota analizi içindoku örnekleri toplandı. Doku ve idrar örnekleri, bakteriyel 16s ribozomalRNA'nın V3-V4 bölgeleri kullanılarak analiz edildi. Cins düzeyinde görecelibolluğu %1’in üzerinde tespit edilebilen bakteri grupları analize alındı. Nüksgözlenmesine göre mikrobiyota farklılığı olup olmadığını tespit etmek için gruplarkarşılaştırıldı. Çalışma Tübitak 217S075 No’lu proje kapsamındadesteklenmiştir.Bulgular: Doku örneklerinde Massilia(p=0,030)’nın istatikselolarak nüks tespit edilen grupta daha yoğun olduğu tespit edildi (Şekil1). Massilia’nın mesane kanseri etiyolojisindebulunan kimyasalları metabolize ettiği bilinmektedir ADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1099/ijsem.0.004355","ISSN":"14665034","PMID":"32706332","abstract":"FiveGram-stain-negative, catalase-and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped and motilestrains (FT50WT, FT80WT, FT92WT, FT94W and FT135WT) were isolated from asubtropical stream in PR China. Comparisons based on 16S rRNA gene sequencesshowed that strains FT50WT, FT94W and FT135WT take strain Duganella sacchariSac-22T, and strains FT80WT and FT92WT take strain Duga-nella ginsengisoliDCY83T as their closest neighbour in the phylogenetic trees, respectively. TheG+C contents of strains FT50WT, FT80WT, FT92WT, FT94W and FT135WT were 63.3,62.4, 62.8, 63.8 and 60.8 %, respectively. The reconstructed phylogenomic treebased on concatenated 92 core genes showed that strains FT50WT, FT80WT, FT94Wand FT135WT clustered together with species of the genus Duganella, but strainsFT92WT and D. ginsengisoli KCTC 42409T were located in the clades of the genusMassilia. The calculated pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digitalDNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values among strains FT50WT, FT80WT, FT92WT, FT94W,FT135WT and related strains were in the ranges of 75.6–87.8% and 20.3–33.8%except that the values between strains FT50WT and FT94W were 98.7 and 89.2%,respectively. The respiratory quinone of these five strains was Q-8. The majorfatty acids were C16: 1 ω7c, C16: 0, C18: 1 ω7c and C12: 0. The polar lipidsincluded phosphatidylethan-olamine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentifiedphospholipid. Considering the distinct phylogenetic relationships of D.gin-sengisoli with species of the genus Massilia in the phylogenomic tree, itwas reasonable to transfer D. ginsengisoli to the genus Massilia as Massiliaginsengisoli comb. nov. Combining the results of phylogenomic analysis, ANI anddDDH data, and a range of physiological and biochemical characteristicstogether, strains FT50WT and FT94W should belong to the same species and beassigned to genus Duganella with strains FT80WT and FT135WT together, andstrain FT92WT should be assigned to the genus Massilia, for which the namesDuganella lactea sp. nov. (type strain FT50WT=GDMCC 1.1674T=KACC 21466T),Duganella guangzho-uensis sp. nov. (FT80WT=GDMCC 1.1678T=KACC 21470T),Duganella flavida sp. nov. (FT135WT=GDMCC 1.1745T=KACC 21659T) and Massiliarivuli sp. nov. (FT92WT=GDMCC 1.1682T=KACC 21474T) are proposed.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Lu","given":"Huibin","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Deng","given":"Tongchu","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Liu","given":"Feifei","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Wang","given":"Yonghong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Yang","given":"Xunan","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Xu","given":"Meiying","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"InternationalJournal of Systematic and EvolutionaryMicrobiology","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"8","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"page":"4822-4830","title":"Duganellalactea sp. Nov., duganella guangzhouensis sp. nov., duganella flavida sp. nov.and massilia rivuli sp. nov., isolated from a subtropical stream in pr chinaand proposal to reclassify duganella ginsengisoli as massilia ginsengisolicomb.nov.","type":"article-journal","volume":"70"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=2cc6071c-0e8f-4f93-8c0c-cc6c86e59f25"]},{"id":"ITEM-2","itemData":{"DOI":"10.3389/fcimb.2020.555508","ISSN":"22352988","PMID":"33384966","abstract":"Numerousstudies indicate that resident microbiome exists in urine of healthyindividuals and dysbiosis of the urobiome (urinary microbiome) may be associatedwith pathological conditions. This study was performed to characterize thealterations in urobiome and explore its implications of clinical outcome inmale patients with bladder cancer. 62 male patients with bladder cancer and 19non-neoplastic controls were recruited. The follow-up study cohort included 40patients who were diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) andunderwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Mid-stream urinesamples were collected from all the participants the day before cystoscopy. DNAwas extracted from urine pellet samples and processed for high throughput 16SrRNA amplicon sequencing of the V4 region using Illumina MiSeq. Sequencingreads were filtered using QIIME and clustered using UPARSE. We found bacterialrichness indices (Observed Species index, Chao1 index, Ace index; all P <0.01) increased in cancer group when compared with non-neoplastic group, whilethere were no differences in Shannon and Simpson index between two groups.During a median follow-up time of 12 (5.25–25) months, 5/40 (12.5%)of thepatients developed recurrence and no patient suffered from progression tomuscle-invasive disease. Species diversity of the microbiome was significantlyhigher in the recurrence group compared with non-recurrence group in patientswith NMIBC after TURBT. The LEfSe analysis demonstrated that 9 genera were increased(e.g., Micrococcus and Brachybacterium) in recurrence group. To our knowledgewe report the relative comprehensive study to date of the male bladder cancerurinary microbiome and its relationship to pathogenesis and clinical outcomes.Given our preliminary data, additional studies evaluating the urine microbiomein relation to clinical outcomes are warranted to improve our understanding oftumor recurrence afterTURBT.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zeng","given":"Jiarong","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhang","given":"Guihao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Chen","given":"Chunxiao","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Li","given":"Kun","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Wen","given":"Yuehui","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Zhao","given":"Jie","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Wu","given":"Peng","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"Frontiersin Cellular and InfectionMicrobiology","id":"ITEM-2","issue":"December","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020"]]},"page":"1-11","title":"Alterationsin Urobiome in Patients With Bladder Cancer and Implications for ClinicalOutcome: A Single-Institution Study","type":"article-journal","volume":"10"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=ad9112f3-b505-49a6-94ec-5f5afb25ee8e"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"[1],[2]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[1],[2]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"[1]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[1], [2]. Orta akım idrar örneklerinde Corynebacterium(p=0.030), Escherichia Shigella (p=0.030) ve Turicella(P=0.030)‘nın nüks tespit edilmeyen grupta daha yoğun olduğu tespit edildi(Şekil 1). Escherichia Shigella’nın immunotoksin üreterek BCG etkinliğiniarttırdığı bilinmektedirADDINCSL_CITATION{"citationItems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.12.011","ISSN":"18732496","PMID":"33436328","abstract":"Introduction:We sought to investigate the association between the urinary microbiome andbladder cancer, including the difference between nonmuscle-invasive (NMIBC) andmuscle-invasive (MIBC) bladder cancer, and Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG)responsive vs. BCG-refractory NMIBC. Methods: Urine specimens were collectedfrom consecutive patients with bladder cancer and healthy volunteers. Urinesamples were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing to identify and compare anypresent bacteria. Alteration in the urinary microbiome was described in termsof alpha (diversity of populations within a sample) and beta diversities(differences between populations among different samples). Analyses werecorrected for age, sex, method of sample preservation, and method of collection(mid-stream catch vs. catheterized urine). Results: Fifty-three samples (43 patientswith bladder cancer, and 10 controls) were included. For bladder cancerpatients, mean age was 70 years, 7 (16%) were females; and 29 (67%) had NMIBC.Among patients with NMIBC, 11 (38%) patients received BCG, 6 of which hadrecurrence or progression after a median follow up of 13 months. Comparing themicrobiome of bladder cancer patients vs. healthy controls, beta-diversity wassignificantly different, with Actinomyces, Achromobacter, Brevibacterium, andBrucella significantly more abundant in urine samples of bladder cancerpatients. Comparing NMIBC and MIBC, Hemophilus and Veillonella weresignificantly more abundant in urine of MIBC patients, while Cupriavidus wassignificantly more abundant in NMIBC patients. Among NMIBC patients, Serratiaand Brochothrix, Negativicoccus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas weresignificantly more abundant in patients who responded to BCG in comparison tothose who did not. Conclusion: Urinary microbiome varied between patients withbladder cancer and healthy controls. Moreover, urinary microbial profilesdiffered among patient with NMIBC vs. MIBC, and among BCG responsive vs. BCGrefractory NMIBC.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Hussein","given":"AhmedA.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Elsayed","given":"AhmedS.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Durrani","given":"Mohammad","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Jing","given":"Zhe","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Iqbal","given":"Umar","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Gomez","given":"EduardoCortes","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Singh","given":"PrashantK.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Liu","given":"Song","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Smith","given":"Gary","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Tang","given":"Li","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle":"","family":"Guru","given":"KhurshidA.","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":"UrologicOncology: Seminars and OriginalInvestigations","id":"ITEM-1","issue":"6","issued":{"date-parts":[["2021"]]},"page":"370.e9-370.e19","publisher":"ElsevierInc.","title":"Investigating the association between theurinary microbiome and bladder cancer: An exploratorystudy","type":"article-journal","volume":"39"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=20093aaa-d0ba-47ea-aff8-f1c1716d7d7e"]}],"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"[3]","plainTextFormattedCitation":"[3]","previouslyFormattedCitation":"[2]"},"properties":{"noteIndex":0},"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}[3]. Sonuç: Gruplar arasındaki disbiyoz nüksü veya tedavi etkililiğini tahminetmede kullanılabilecek biomarkerlar olabilir. Disbiyozun biomarker olarakkullanılması için prospektif çalışmalar gerekmektedir.</p
