1,721,020 research outputs found
Metabolomics in Nutritional Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes
No full textThe authors thank all the volunteers who participated in these studies. They also gratefully acknowledge colleagues at Hasselt University, Jessa Hospital and University Biobank Limburg for their contributions. This work was supported by a grant from ZonMW/JPI HDHL Intestinal Microbiomics (grant 50-52905-98-599) and by Hasselt University and the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO Vlaanderen; Hercules project AUHL/15/2- GOH3816N)
) cut‐offs
No full textBackground: Studies have reported that children who are obese are becoming more severely obese.
Objective: We aimed to classify obese children based on age- and gender-specific centile curves passing through body mass index (BMI) 30, 35 and 40 at age 18 as ‘class I’, ‘class II’ or severe, and ‘class III’ or morbid obesity.
Methods: In addition to the International Obesity Task Force BMI cut-offs corresponding to BMI 30 and 35, we calculated the BMI cut-offs corresponding to BMI 40 using the LMS method proposed by Cole and
Lobstein. We classified 217 obese children according to these criteria.
Results: Fifty-six (25.8%) children had class III obesity, 73 (33.6%) class II obesity and 88 (40.6%) class I obesity. Class III obese children had a higher waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and fasting insulinaemia compared with less obese children.
Conclusion: It is clinically important to classify obese children in different classes of obesity severity.We thank Prof. T. Cole for his advice on IOTF use and terminology. We thank Prof. Dr. Eric Caers for the language editing of the manuscript. LB analyzed the data, generated the tables and wrote the manuscript. GM conceived and designed the study, and critically revised the manuscript. Both authors participated in collecting the data and interpretation of the results. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. This study is part of the Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP) UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa, supported by the foundation Limburg Sterk Merk, Hasselt University, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg and Jessa Hospital
Metabolomics in Nutritional Metabolism, Obesity, and Diabetes
No full textThe authors thank all the volunteers who participated in these studies. They also gratefully acknowledge colleagues at Hasselt University, Jessa Hospital and University Biobank Limburg for their contributions. This work was supported by a grant from ZonMW/JPI HDHL Intestinal Microbiomics (grant 50-52905-98-599) and by Hasselt University and the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO Vlaanderen; Hercules project AUHL/15/2- GOH3816N)
Differentiation of the plasma metabolite profile detected with 1H-NMR spectroscopy of obese and normal-weight children and adolescents
No full textBackground: Childhood obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Obese children are at high risk to develop co-morbidities such as cardiovascular dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, pulmonary, hepatic and renal complications. To improve current treatment strategies for childhood obesity, a proper understanding of obesity-related pathophysiological mechanisms is required. Metabolomics is increasingly used as a tool for the study of obesity, since the plasma metabolite profile is reflective of metabolic processes. Aim: To investigate and compare the metabolite profile of obese and normal-weight children detected with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Methods: Fasting plasma samples of 20 obese (mean age: 13.4 ± 2.2 yrs; mean BMI: 33.6 ± 4.9 kg/m²) and 20 normal-weight children (mean age: 13.5 ± 2.9 yrs; mean BMI: 19.3 ± 2.3 kg/m²) between 8 and 18 years of age were analysed by means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The 1H-NMR spectra were recorded on a 400 MHz Varian Inova spectrometer operating at 9.4 Tesla with a standard liquid probe. Slightly T2-weighted spectra were acquired using a CPMG pulse sequence with water suppression. Spectra are phased manually, baseline corrected, and referenced to trimethylsilyl-2,2,3,3-tetradeuteropropionic acid (TSP) resonance at 0.015 ppm. The integration values of 110 spectral regions were normalized to the total integral area (except for TSP, water, glucose and fructose). These 110 variables were compared between obese and normal-weight children using Mann-Whitney U test. OPLS-DA multivariate analysis was applied (SIMCA-P+ 12, Umetrics, Umea, Sweden). Results: The plasma metabolite profiles of obese children could be clearly distinguished from those of normal-weight children. After correction for multiple testing, 19 spectral regions (p value < 4.545 x 10-4) were significantly different in obese compared with normal-weight children. Conclusions: Our findings show a clear differentiation between the plasma metabolite profile of obese and normal-weight children. However, additional research is needed in a larger sample population in order to translate current findings into a clinically meaningful outcome.This study is part of the Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP) UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa, supported by the foundation Limburg Sterk Merk, Hasselt University, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg and Jessa Hospital
Obese versus normal-weight children: a different plasma metabolic phenotype as determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy
No full textBackground: Childhood obesity is a major health problem worldwide. Obese children are at high risk to develop co-morbidities such as cardiovascular dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, pulmonary, hepatic and renal complications1. To improve current prevention and treatment strategies for childhood obesity, a proper understanding of obesity-related pathophysiological mechanisms is required. Metabolomics is increasingly used as a tool for the study of obesity2. Aim: To investigate and compare the plasma metabolic profile of obese and normal-weight children as measured with 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Methods: Fasting plasma samples of 53 obese (mean age: 13.1 ± 2.2 yrs; mean BMI: 32.0 ± 4.5 kg/m²) and 28 normal-weight children (mean age: 13.1 ± 3.1 yrs; mean BMI: 18.9 ± 2.4 kg/m²) between 8 and 18 years of age were analysed by means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The 1H-NMR spectra were recorded on a 400 MHz Varian Inova spectrometer operating at 9.4 Tesla with a liquid-state PFG probe. Slightly T2-weighted spectra were acquired using a CPMG pulse sequence with water suppression. Spectra are phased manually, baseline corrected, and referenced to trimethylsilyl-2,2,3,3-tetradeuteropropionic acid (TSP) resonance at 0.015 ppm. The integration values of 110 spectral regions were normalized to the total integral area (except for TSP, water, glucose and fructose). Univariate analysis was performed by means of independent samples t test with correction for multiple testing by the Benjamini-Hochberg method. In addition, multivariate analysis by means of PCA and OPLS-DA was performed using SIMCA-P+ 12 (version 12.0, Umetrics, Umeå, Sweden). Results: The plasma metabolic profiles of obese children could be clearly distinguished from those of normal-weight children with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 93.9%. After correction for multiple testing, we observed 36 spectral regions to be significantly (p < 4.6 x 10-4) altered in obese children. Obese children showed higher levels of lipids (VLDL and LDL), unsaturated lipids, lactate and proline, and lower levels of citrate, asparagine, cysteine, α-ketoglutarate, myo-inositol, glucose and arginine as compared to normal-weight children. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study in which 1H-NMR spectroscopy is used as a tool to study childhood obesity. Our findings show that obese children clearly display a different plasma metabolic profile as compared to normal-weight children. In future, longitudinal research on a large sample population is needed in order to enable the discovery of obesity-related biomarkers.This study is part of the Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP) UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa, supported by the foundation Limburg Sterk Merk, Hasselt University, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg and Jessa Hospital
Diagnosis of Lung Cancer: What Metabolomics Can Contribute
No full textThe reprogrammed metabolism of cancer cells reflects itself in an alteration of metabolite concentrations, which in turn can be used to define a specific metabolic phenotype or fingerprint for cancer. In this contribution, a metabolism-based discrimination between lung cancer patients and healthy controls, derived from an analysis of human blood plasma by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, is described. This technique is becoming widely used in the field of metabolomics because of its ability to provide a highly informative spectrum, representing the relative metabolite concentrations. Cancer types are characterized by decreased or increased levels of specific plasma metabolites, such as glucose or lactate, compared to controls. Data analysis by multivariate statistics provides a classification model with high levels of sensitivity and specificity. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics might not only contribute to the diagnosis of lung cancer but also shows potential for treatment follow-up as well as for paving the way to a better understanding of disease-related diverting biochemical pathways.This study is part of the Limburg Clinical Research Program (LCRP) UHasselt-ZOL-Jessa and
supported by Kom op tegen Kanker (Stand up to Cancer), the Flemish Cancer Society. The authors like to thank Prof. Dr. Eric de Jonge and Prof. Dr. Philip Caenepeel for their support in sample recruitment
Are adult obesity-related cardiopulmonary anomalies during maximal exercise testing already present in adolescence?
No full textBackground
Adults with obesity often experience cardiopulmonary abnormalities during maximal exercise testing such as chronotropic incompetence, compromised ventilatory mechanics or gas exchange efficiency, but also altered substrate utilisation. It remains to be studied in greater detail whether such cardiopulmonary and metabolic anomalies during exercise testing are already present in obese adolescents.
Aim
To examine cardiopulmonary and metabolic function during maximal exercise testing in obese vs. lean adolescents. We anticipate that cardiopulmonary and metabolic abnormalities can already be present in adolescence.
Methods
Thirty-six obese (BMI 35.0±5.0 kg/m², age 14.1±1.5 years, 15 boys) and 16 lean (BMI 18.8±1.9 kg/m², age 13.9±1.4 years, 8 boys) adolescents executed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with comparison of cycling power output and cardiopulmonary (VO2, VCO2, VE, Vt, RR, HR, VO2/HR, VE/VO2, VE/VCO2, Vd/Vt, PETO2, PETCO2) and metabolic (RER) exercise parameters from 40% of Wpeak/VO2peak up to peak exercise effort. In addition, resting and peak exercise oxygen saturation and ECG variables were examined. Regression analysis was applied to examine relationships between anomalous cardiopulmonary parameters and subjects characteristics or ECG variables.
Results
Wpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (p<0.01), but not VO2peak (in ml/min). From 60% of VO2peak and 80% of Wpeak up to peak exercise effort a significantly lower HR was observed in obese adolescents (p<0.05) . VEpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (p<0.05), but not at submaximal workloads. RERpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (1.09±0.06 vs. 1.13±0.08 in lean adolescents, p<0.05). HRpeak and RERpeak were independently related to BMI (p<0.05). In addition, RER curves were significantly different between groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Data from the present work verifies that the development of chronotropic incompetence and altered substrate utilisation during maximal exercise testing already starts to develop in adolescence, and correlates with BMI
Aberrant cardiopulmonary function during exercise testing and exercise intolerance in relation to cardiometabolic health in obese adolescents.
No full textAberrant cardiopulmonary function during exercise testing and exercise intolerance in relation to cardiometabolic health in obese adolescents.
No full textAre adult obesity-related cardiopulmonary anomalies during maximal exercise testing already present in adolescence?
No full textBackground
Adults with obesity often experience cardiopulmonary abnormalities during maximal exercise testing such as chronotropic incompetence, compromised ventilatory mechanics or gas exchange efficiency, but also altered substrate utilisation. It remains to be studied in greater detail whether such cardiopulmonary and metabolic anomalies during exercise testing are already present in obese adolescents.
Aim
To examine cardiopulmonary and metabolic function during maximal exercise testing in obese vs. lean adolescents. We anticipate that cardiopulmonary and metabolic abnormalities can already be present in adolescence.
Methods
Thirty-six obese (BMI 35.0±5.0 kg/m², age 14.1±1.5 years, 15 boys) and 16 lean (BMI 18.8±1.9 kg/m², age 13.9±1.4 years, 8 boys) adolescents executed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test with comparison of cycling power output and cardiopulmonary (VO2, VCO2, VE, Vt, RR, HR, VO2/HR, VE/VO2, VE/VCO2, Vd/Vt, PETO2, PETCO2) and metabolic (RER) exercise parameters from 40% of Wpeak/VO2peak up to peak exercise effort. In addition, resting and peak exercise oxygen saturation and ECG variables were examined. Regression analysis was applied to examine relationships between anomalous cardiopulmonary parameters and subjects characteristics or ECG variables.
Results
Wpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (p<0.01), but not VO2peak (in ml/min). From 60% of VO2peak and 80% of Wpeak up to peak exercise effort a significantly lower HR was observed in obese adolescents (p<0.05) . VEpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (p<0.05), but not at submaximal workloads. RERpeak was significantly lower in obese adolescents (1.09±0.06 vs. 1.13±0.08 in lean adolescents, p<0.05). HRpeak and RERpeak were independently related to BMI (p<0.05). In addition, RER curves were significantly different between groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Data from the present work verifies that the development of chronotropic incompetence and altered substrate utilisation during maximal exercise testing already starts to develop in adolescence, and correlates with BMI
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