51,842 research outputs found
Coffee berry disease in Kenya
No full textData are presented on research in Kenya in 1964 - 1969 on anatomical, mycological, epidemiological, chemical control and cultural aspects of coffee berry disease, Colletotrichum coffeanum Noack, of Coffea arabica L. The pathogen causes flower and berry losses and was found in branches where it occupied clearly defined areas of the cortex just before or after formation of the first phellogen. Saprophytic Colletotrichum spp. inhabit bark areas with more periderms in the cortex. No relationship could be found in Kenya between Glomerella cingulata (Stonem.) Sp. & Schr., the perfect stage of most of the saprophytic Colletotrichum bark components, and C. coffeanum . The seasonal fluctuations in pathogenicity in the bark population of C. coffeanum could be assessed and compared with the total sporulating capacity of the bark population of all Colletotrichum spp. Formerly the level of this total sporulating capacity, or 'inoculum potential' as it was then called, was used as an indication when pre-rain copper sprays had to be applied and how effectively the fungicide had reduced the bark inoculum. Based on these data the recommendations for chemical control were changed from pre-rain fungicide applications, to a spraying regime well into the rainy period, the accent being on protection of the berries rather than on a reduction of the bark inoculum. The fungicide Ortho Difolatan proved to be more effective than copper based compounds. Cultural practices, like the application of high levels of fertilizers, manure and mulch and rigid pruning practices, had no effect on the level of C. coffeanum in branches. Copper containing fungicides pushed the Colletotrichum balance in favour of C. coffeanum . Berries from non-copper sprayed coffee fields were less susceptible to standard conidial suspensions of C. coffeanum than berries from copper sprayed trees. A similar effect of fungicides should be considered in South and Central American coffee growing countries, where the application of fungicides has increased tremendously since the occurrence of Hemileia vastatrix Berk. et Br. in Brazil
Quantum cores of optical phase singularities
No full textThe nodal line singularities (optical vortices) of classical scalar optics are smoothed in quantum optics, because of spontaneous emission into unoccupied modes. The radius of the 'quantum core' surrounding each classical singularity is proportional to ??. A trapped excited atom, steered into a nodal line of the classical field, is a possible detector for the effect. Analogous phenomena are anticipated for other waves, for example sound, where the silence at a nodal line is disturbed by pressure fluctuations of the fluid molecules
Knotting and unknotting of phase singularities: Helmholtz waves, paraxial waves and waves in 2+1 spacetime
No full textAs a parameter a is varied, the topology of nodal lines of complex scalar waves in space (i.e. their dislocations, phase singularities or vortices) can change according to a structurally stable reconnection process involving local hyperbolas whose branches switch. We exhibit families of exact solutions of the Helmholtz equation, representing knots and links that are destroyed by encounter with dislocation lines threading them when a is increased. In the analogous paraxial waves, the paraxial prohibition against dislocations with strength greater than unity introduces additional creation events. We carry out the analysis with polynomial waves, obtained by long-wavelength expansions of the wave equations. The paraxial events can alternatively be interpreted as knotting and linking of worldlines of dislocation points moving in the plane
Design Capabilities and Potential in “The Cotton and Textiles Sector in Tanzania: Issues and Opportunities. A report for the Tanzanian Government”
No full textThis study originates from discussions between Hon Juma Ngasongwa, Minister of Planning, Economy and Empowerment and Hon Basil Mramba, Minister for Trade and Industry and Lord David Sainsbury, settlor of the Gatsby Charitable Foundation (GCF) in January 2007. In discussions held in Dar es Salaam, iIt was agreed that GCF and its associated Trust, the Tanzania Gatsby Trust (TGT), would fund an exploratory study of the cotton and textile sectors with a view to identifying issues, constraints and investment opportunities. The focus of the study would be on the long-term potential for a major increase in the output of Tanzania’s cotton and textile sector with a view to maximising its potential contribution to the generation of increased GDP, exports, farmer incomes and manufacturing employment. Terms of Reference were finalised in February. And the study is essentially a contribution to the development of strategy in the context of the ‘Mini Tiger Plan’.
This report represents the findings of a team comprising consultants from Golder Associates of South Africa, the University of Manchester in the UK and Oxford Policy Management. The individuals concerned were :
Golder Associates : Bill Berry, John Howcroft, Julian Ward, René Ford
University of Manchester (Materials and Paper Dept) : Drs Hugh Gong, Richard Kennon,
Neil Towers, Pammi Sinha, Mr. Les Downes and Mr Alan Johnson
Oxford Policy Management : Tim Ruffer
The study was co-directed by Ibrahim Seushi and Laurence Cockcroft on behalf of GCF and TGT. Organisational arrangements were carried out by TGT under the leadership of Mrs Olive Luena. TGT in cooperation with the Ministry of Trade and Industry arranged many on-site visits for which the consultancy team is very grateful. The majority of these are listed in an Annexe to this report and the team is likewise extremely appreciative of the time and interest shown by the many individuals who participated in interviews and meetings. It was particularly helpful to have two stakeholder meetings with cotton growers, ginnery owners and farmers in both Mwanza and Morogoro and the team is very grateful to the Tanzania Cotton Board and representatives of Regional Governments for arranging and participating in these meetings.
The Main Report of the study synthesises five technical reports which will be presented as Annexes to this report (see Table of Contents). It is intended to comprise a basis for discussion which will lead to an Action Plan for the sector to be further developed through a Stakeholders Forum to be held later in 2007
Le Berry du Xe Siècle Au Milieu du XIIIe Étude Politique, Religieuse, Sociale, Et économique
No full textIntro -- Abréviations -- Avant-propos -- SOURCES -- BIBLIOGRAPHIE -- Introduction -- Première partie. LA DISLOCATION DU PAGUS ET L'ÉTABLISSEMENT DE LA FÉODALITÉ -- I . LES DERNIERS TEMPS DE L'UNITÉ : LE BERRY CAROLINGIEN -- II . LA DISLOCATION DU « PAGUS » AU X< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLE -- III. L'ÉGLISE DE BOURGES AUX X< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- ET XI< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLES -- IV. LES CADRES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ LAÏQUE : SEIGNEURS ET CHEVALIERS -- V. LES CLASSES RURALES -- CONCLUSION DE LA 1< -- sup> -- RE< -- /sup> -- PARTIE -- Deuxième partie. HAUT ET BAS-BERRY AU XII< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLE (VERS 1080 - VERS 1180) -- I. LA RÉFORME DE L'ÉGLISE DE BOURGES AU XII< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLE -- II. LES TRANSFORMATIONS DU PAYSAGE, LES PREMIERS DÉFRICHEMENTS ET LES NOUVELLES AGGLOMÉRATIONS -- III. L'ÉCLATEMENT DES CHÂTELLENIES -- IV. LE RENFORCEMENT DES GRANDES MOUVANCES -- V. LA PÉNÉTRATION ROYALE -- CONCLUSION DE LA 2< -- sup> -- E< -- /sup> -- PARTIE -- Troisième partie. LES DÉBUTS DU BERRY CAPÉTIEN (1190-1260) -- I. LA FORMATION DU BERRY CAPÉTIEN -- II. L'ORGANISATION DU BEKRY CAPÉTIEN AU MILIEU DU XIII< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLE -- III. L'ÉGLISE DE BOURGES ENTRE LE ROI ET LE PAPE -- IV. UNE SOCIÉTÉ HIÉRARCHISÉE -- V. L'ÉCONOMIE BERRICHONNE AU MILIEU DU XIII< -- sup> -- e< -- /sup> -- SIÈCLE -- CONCLUSION DE LA 3< -- sup> -- E< -- /sup> -- PARTIE -- CONCLUSION GÉNÉRALE -- INDEX HOMINUM -- INDEX LOCORUM -- INDEX RERUM -- TABLE DES TABLEAUX ET GÉNÉALOGIES -- TABLE DES CARTES GÉOGRAPHIQUES -- Table des matièresDescription based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Le fragment dans les pratiques plastiques des Petites Antilles Françaises
No full textAnne-Catherine Berry nous présente son mémoire de recherche sur "Le fragment dans les pratiques plastiques des Petites Antilles Françaises"
North America Divided into its Principall Parts viz. Arctick Lands, New North Wales, N. South Wales, N. Brittain, Canada, N. France, N. Scotland, N. England, N. York, N. Jarsey, Mary-Land, Virginia, Carolina, Florida, Mexico, the Islands of New Found Land, California, the Antilles in which are distinguished the severall Countries as they are possessed by the English, Spanish, and French, etc.
No full text17th centuryCopper engraving handcolored with watercolor.
Outline color.
Contains watermarks.
Mounted on muslin.
Relief shown pictorially.
Printed in top margin:
"North America Divided into its Principall Parts viz. Arctick Lands, New North Wales, N. South Wales, N. Brittain, Canada, N. France, N. Scotland, N. England, N. York, N. Jarsey, Mary-Land, Virginia, Carolina, Florida, Mexico, the Islands of New Found Land, California, the Antilles in which are distinguished the severall Countries as they are possessed by the English, Spanish, and French, etc. Described by Sanson. Corrected and amended By William Berry."
Printed in the cartouche in upper left corner:
"North America Divided into its Principall Parts where are distinguished the severall States which belong to the English, Spanish, and French, To the Most Serene and Most Sacred Majesty of Charles II. By the Grace of God King of Great Brittain, France, and Ireland. This Map of North America is humbly Dedicated and Presented By Your Majesties Loyal Subject, and Servant - William Berry."
Printed in lower left corner in cartouche is a scale showing a comparison of Italian Miles, Leagues of France, Leagues of Spain, Leagues of Germany and English Miles.
Printed beneath scale of distance in cartouche in lower left corner:
"Sold by William Berry at the Sign of the Globe between Charing Cross and White-Hall."
Printed beneath scale cartouche:
"1680."
Shows California as an island with northern California labeled as "New Albion." The land "Quivira" is shown in the Midwest and nearly all of middle and northern North America is left blank. A land along the northwest part of the continent is labeled as Anian and further west is the "Land of Jesso or Jeco" with the "Sea of Jesso" south of it. The land where the Navajo live is shown. Surrounding the title cartouche are illustrations of a coat of arms, two natives, birds, an armadillo and a four-legged animal with a human head. Surrounding the scale cartouche are two natives. The map also illustrates Scotland, England and Ireland and shows a horizontal dashed line demarcating, "The North Bounds of the dominion of the British Seas."
Prime Meridian: Isle of Ferro.
Scale c.a. 1:15,850,000.Nicolas Sanson (1600-1667) was one of the first and best French cartographers of the seventeenth century and is even called the "Founder of the French School of Geography" (Tooley, 558). He was born in Abbeville and then moved to Paris. Originally a student of ancient history, he created several maps in the pursuit of his history studies. When he moved to Paris, one of these maps was seen by King Louis XIII. The king appointed Sanson "Géographe Ordinaire du Roi" under which position Sanso created many maps and tutored the king in geography. Many of Sanson's maps were published in atlases. His maps were "liberally copied by Dutch, English and German cartographers" even into the eighteenth century. His works include: "Ancient Gaul" (1618, published 1629), "Cartes Générales de Toutes les Parties du Monde" (1658, 1664-16666, 1667, 1670, 1676), "L'Asie" (1652-3), "L'Afrique" (1656) and "Amérique" (1657). During his lifetime, Sanson created nearly 300 maps, some of which were not published until after his death. Two of his maps of North America played a major part in influencing later maps to be made: "Amerique Septentrionale" (1650) and "Le Canada ou Nouvelle France" (1656) which was the first map to show the Great Lakes. After his death, his sons, Adrian and Guillaume, and his grandson, Nicolas, continued the cartography business in partnership with Alexis Hubert Jaillot. Jaillot and Pierre Duval re-engraved many of Sanson's map, spreading his influence beyond his lifetime (Moreland and Bannister, 128; Skelton, 67; Tooley, 558).
William Berry (fl. 1669-1708) was an English bookseller, engraver, globe maker and publisher in London. He wrote a book on astronomy, published in 1669 with Robert Morden. He also helped produce Geographical Playing Cards with Morden in 1676. He is best known for producing large two-sheet maps that used the work of Nicolas Sanson. He also published "Mapp of all the World" (c.a. 1680) and a large road map of England and Wales by Hollar between 1669- and 1676. He was sometimes called the "English Sanson" having published a number of maps, many based on the work of Sanson. His works include: "England" (1671), "Atlas" of Sanson's work (1680-9), Petty's "Ireland" (1689), Gascogne's "Cornwall" (1700) with Thornton and Mount, and "Globe" (1603).
This map was first published in 1680 in Berry's "A Collection of Maps of the World" (McLaughlin and Mayo, 34, entry 74). It was most likely based on Nicolas Sanson's "Amerique Septentrional divisée etc" published in 1676 (Wagner, 317, entry 418). The map displays an unusual projection known as the "Sanson-Flamsteed projection." The map accurately depicts the Gulf of Mexico and the eastern coast of North America but the Great Lakes are not shown well nor is the Mississippi River basin (Ermen, 34, entry 18). This particular map adds the land of "Anian" as well as the "Strait of Anian" to Sanson's original work (McLaughlin and Mayo, 34, entry 74). A similar instance of this map was published in 1692 by Jaillot.
Source(s): Ermen, Eduard Van. "The United States in Old Maps and Prints. Wilmington, DE: Atomium Books, Inc., 1990.
Leighly, John. "California as an Island: An Illustrated Essay." San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1972.
McLaughlin, Glen and Nancy H. Mayo. "The Mapping of California as an Island: An Illustrated Checklist." Saratoga, CA: California Map Society, 1995.
Moreland, Carl and David Bannister. "Antique Maps: A Collector's Handbook." New York: Longman Group, Ltd., 1983.
Skelton, R.A. "Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries; a Revised Edition of Old Decorative Maps and Charts, by A. L. Humphreys." London: Staples Press, 1952.
Tooley, Ronald Vere. "Tooley's Dictionary of Mapmakers." Hertfordshire: Map Collector Publications Limited, 1979.
Wagner, Henry R. "The Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America to the year 1800 Volume 2." Berkeley: University of California Press, 1937
Les donjons rectangulaires du Berry
No full textSalet Francis. Les donjons rectangulaires du Berry. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 122, n°3, année 1964. pp. 293-295
Les voies romaines du Berry
No full textDeshoulières François. Les voies romaines du Berry. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 81, année 1922. pp. 438-439
Les donjons rectangulaires du Berry
No full textSalet Francis. Les donjons rectangulaires du Berry. In: Bulletin Monumental, tome 122, n°3, année 1964. pp. 293-295
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