63 research outputs found
Promoter recognition specificity of Corynebacterium glutamicum stress response sigma factors sigmaD and sigmaH deciphered using computer modeling and point mutagenesis
No full textBlumenstein J, Dostálová H, Rucká L, et al. Promoter recognition specificity of Corynebacterium glutamicum stress response sigma factors sigmaD and sigmaH deciphered using computer modeling and point mutagenesis. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design . 2024;39(1): 1.This study aimed to reveal interactions of the stress response sigma subunits (factors) sigmaD and sigmaH of RNA polymerase and promoters in Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum by combining wet-lab obtained data and in silico modeling. Computer modeling-guided point mutagenesis of C. glutamicum sigmaH subunit led to the creation of a panel of sigmaH variants. Their ability to initiate transcription from naturally occurring hybrid sigmaD/sigmaH-dependent promoter Pcg0441 and two control canonical promoters (sigmaD-dependent PrsdA and sigmaH-dependent PuvrD3) was measured and interpreted using molecular dynamics simulations of homology models of all complexes. The results led us to design the artificial hybrid promoter PD35H10 combining the-10 element of the PuvrD3 promoter and the-35 element of the PrsdA promoter. This artificial hybrid promoter PD35-rsdAH10-uvrD3 showed almost optimal properties needed for the bio-orthogonal transcription (not interfering with the native biological processes). © 2024. The Author(s)
Vergleich von Nutzungsoptionen extensiven Ökogrünlands – Eine stochastische Risikoanalyse
No full textAs agri-environmental schemes often do not provide sufficient financial compensa-tion for an environmentally sound management of semi-natural grasslands, this study intended to identify ecologically and economically sustainable grassland management options, as well as their respective risk potentials. Economic and risk analyses of organic bio-energy, animal husbandry and landscape maintenance systems indicate, that the newly developed IFBB-System (Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass) as an add-on system to a customary biogas plant exhibits the most risk-stable and economically exquisite land use system. The regarded animal husbandry system relies on optimal framework conditions, while landscape maintenance systems below the line are costly preservation measures, displaying a low risk potential, however
ÖKONOMISCHE BEWERTUNG VON LANDNUTZUNGSSYSTEMEN DES EXTENSIVEN GRÜNLANDS
No full textDa die extensive Grünlandbewirtschaftung aufgrund schwieriger Rahmenbedingungen
zunehmend unter Druck gerät, sind neben der Optimierung herkömmlicher
Landnutzungsverfahren Alternativen gefragt, die sowohl den Erhalt als auch eine ökonomisch
tragfähige Nutzung von naturschutzfachlich wertvollen Extensivgrünlandstandorten
sicherstellen können. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden energetische und tierische
Nutzungsverfahren sowie Maßnahmen zur Landschaftspflege auf der Grundlage dynamischer
Investitionsrechnungen ökonomisch verglichen und bewertet. Die Modellrechnungen deuten
darauf hin, dass optimierte Verfahren der Bioenergieerzeugung unter Berücksichtigung der
unterstellten Rahmenbedingungen anderen Landnutzungsverfahren im Vergleich vorzuziehen
sind
On the Economics of Organic Grassland and Alternative Bio-energy Systems – A Risk Modelling Approach
No full textOrganic farming enterprises manage their grasslands mostly extensively, often participating in nature preservation schemes. On extensive or semi-natural grassland sites, the profitability of grassland utilisation with customary processing procedures like dairy or suckler cow farming is often realized insufficiently, however. As the global demand for sustainable energy supplies increases, the newly developed IFBB-technique (Integrated Generation of Solid Fuel and Biogas from Biomass) could exhibit an alternative grassland utilisation by using plant cover from extensive grasslands for the generation of renewable energies whilst preserving valuable grassland habitats, without competing against land for food production. A survey amongst farmers in the low mountain range of Vogelsberg, Germany, identified general frameworks of extensive grassland management as well as incentives and objections for an implementation of the IFBB technology at single farm level. Calculations of processing values of grassland in different procedures of animal husbandry, landscape maintenance and bio-energy production indicate that the utilisation of extensively managed grassland in alternative bio-energy systems could exhibit the most favourable land use option for organic semi-natural grassland management. These results are verified by a risk modelling approach
Zugpferdeeinsatz in der Landwirtschaft: Motivation, Arbeitszeit und Wirtschaftlichkeit
No full textIn recent years a growing interest in using draft horses for farm work in Germany and
Europe can be observed. However, precise data concerning the performance of modern
horse-drawn technology are currently rarely available. In a field study labor time
requirements were measured on four farms and one market garden with regular use of
draft horses. In addition, farm managers were interviewed in order to learn about their
intentions to use draft horses nowadays. On the basis of the gathered data, area
performance (ha/h) and total labor time requirements (AKh/ha) of several field procedures
were processed. A comparison with current tractor data shows that although the
tractor performs better in all field procedures, there are merely little differences in crop
cultivation such as pasture or weed harrowing. Considering all arising costs the use of
draft horses can, under certain conditions, even achieve a better profitability than the
use of a comparable tractor
Prediction of Wave-Induced Seabed Maximum Liquefaction Depth Using Artificial Neural Network Model
No full textIn the last few decades, considerable effort has been devoted to the phenomenon of wave-induced liquefaction. In deed, it is one of the most important factors used in analysing
the seabed stability and in designing marine structures. As waves propagate and fluctuate
over the ocean surface, energy is carried within the medium of the water particles. When
this energy is transmitted into the seabed, the results are a rather complex mechanism of
soil behaviours that significantly affect the stability of the seabed.
The prediction of wave-induced seabed liquefaction has been recognised by coastal
geotechnical engineers as an important factor when considering the design of marine
structures. All existing prediction of wave-induced seabed liquefaction models have been
based on conventional approaches of engineering mechanics, with limited laboratory work.
Previous studies have involved complicated procedures and complex mathematical methods.
The present meticulous study has been based on the existing poro-elastic wave-induced
seabed liquefaction solution, and has adopted Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to
predict maximum wave-induced seabed liquefaction. The author has proposed an alternative
approach for prediction of the maximum liquefaction depth, based on the Artificial
Neural Network (ANN). Unlike previous engineering mechanical approaches, the various
proposed ANN models are based on data learning knowledge, rather than on the knowledge
of the mechanisms. The author has concluded that ANN models can be applicable
to such engineering exercise at least this study.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Griffith School of EngineeringScience, Environment, Engineering and TechnologyFull Tex
Survival Issues Challenging Family Agencies
No full text The author identifies and discusses five strategic concerns that affect the survival of family agencies: private practice, funding, staff–board relations, new services, and education and training of social workers. If challenges in these areas are not met, family agencies may become irrelevant. </jats:p
STRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS ON ORGANIC AGRICULTURE: A SCIENTOMETRIC REVIEW
No full textBasic scientometric indicators are used to analyze the corpus of 2,801 peer-reviewed scientific journal articles on organic agriculture obtained from the so-called ‘Web of Science’ databases and to compare their dynamic with the general agricultural literature (136,712 articles). Apart from the development and publication growth we review bibliometric data on author, institution, country and language in order to produce insights on the structure of international publishing on organic farming
Self-Control and Substance Use Among College Students
No full textGottfredson and Hirschi\u27s self-control theory has generated considerable academic interest and become one of the most influential theories of the past 20 years. The current study seeks to confirm and extend this line of research by examining the generality of self-control across several forms of substance use: binge drinking, marijuana use, prescription drug misuse, and other illicit drug use. Data were collected from a sample of more than 1,000 undergraduate students attending a public university in the United States. Findings indicate that students with low selfcontrol were at greater risk for reporting binge drinking, marijuana use, and prescription drug misuse. Further analysis indicates that the influence of self-control on substance use is moderated by opportunity and peer influence. That is, self-control was significantly correlated to binge drinking and marijuana use when students reported greater opportunity to use and also when they reported substance use by their friends. © The Author(s)2013
Energie vom extensiven Grünland? - Alternative Bioenergiesysteme im Öko-Landbau
No full textÖkologische wirtschaftende Betriebe bewirtschaften zumeist extensives Grünland und nehmen in diesem Zusammenhang oft an Agrarumweltprogrammen teil. Auf extensiven Grünlandstandorten ist die Wirtschaftlichkeit herkömmlicher Produktionsverfahren wie Milchvieh- oder Mutterkuhhaltung jedoch oft nur unzureichend gegeben. Das neu entwickelte IFBB-Verfahren (Integrierte Festbrennstoff- und Biogasproduktion aus Biomasse) könnte eine alternative Nutzung des Extensivgrünlands für die Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energien aus extensivem Grünaufwuchs darstellen. Eine Expertenbefragung unter Landwirten im Vogelsbergkreis, Hessen, konnte Rahmenbedingungen des extensiven Grünlandmanagements sowie Vor- und Nachteile der Einführung des IFBB-Verfahrens auf einzelbetrieblicher Ebene identifizieren. Auf der Grundlage der ermittelten Daten deutet die Berechnung von Veredelungswerten von je zwei Tierhaltungs-, Bioenergie- und Landschaftspflegeverfahren an, dass extensives Grünland neben den Landschaftspflegeverfahren besonders wirtschaftlich in alternativen Bioenergieverfahren eingesetzt werden kann
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