12 research outputs found
An integrated FSM-BABER-SROA framework for secure and energy-efficient internet of things networks using blockchain consensus
No full textThe rapid expansion of the internet of things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has intensified the demand for energy-efficient, reliable, and secure data transmission. Traditional clustering and static sleep scheduling approaches often fail to ensure long-term sustainability and tamper-resistant communication. This paper presents BABER-SROAChain, a hybrid optimization and security framework that integrates four core modules: i) Fuzzy similarity matrix (FSM)-based clustering for spatial-energy-aware node grouping, ii) Binary Al-Biruni earth radius (BABER) optimization for intelligent cluster head (CH) selection, iii) ship rescue optimization algorithm (SROA) for adaptive sleep scheduling, and iv) a lightweight blockchain protocol with modified practical byzantine fault tolerance (PBFT) consensus for secure inter-cluster communication. The unified objective function incorporates cluster efficiency, redundancy minimization, latency reduction, and packet delivery ratio maximization. Simulation experiments on large-scale WSNs (100–300 nodes) demonstrate that BABER-SROAChain achieves up to 20% improvement in network lifetime, 18% lower energy consumption, and 15% higher packet delivery ratio compared to state-of-the-art models. Additionally, it minimizes blockchain consensus latency while ensuring high data integrity. The proposed framework offers a scalable, secure, and energy-aware solution suitable for real-time IoT applications, including smart cities, healthcare monitoring, and industrial automation, while addressing the dual challenges of performance optimization and blockchain-based security
Investigation of Different Window and Wall Materials for Solar Passive Building Design
No full textAbstractThe energy consumption associated with the cooling of the buildings is huge. In India buildings consume about 33% of country's power production for cooling and day lighting. The building enclosures such as walls, roofs and glasses play very vital role in reducing cooling loads in the buildings. The proper combination of window glass materials and wall materials can cut down the cooling costs extensively. In the present work, five different glass materials such as clear, bronze, grey, green and blue-green glass materials were selected and four different building materials such as burnt brick, cinder concrete, dense concrete and fly ash brick either side plastered with cement plaster were selected. Total twenty building models with various combinations of window glass and wall materials were designed in licensed Design builder 4.3.0.039 version and thermal analysis was carried out in Energy plus 8.1 software package. Thermal performance of various building models in four different climatic zones such as hot and dry, temperate, warm and humid and composite were investigated. From the results of the study, it is observed that fly ash brick wall building model with grey window glass is found to be energy efficient in all Indian climatic zones from the reduced cooling load point of view among all studied combinations in East, West, North and South orientations. From the results it is observed that the fly ash brick buildings with grey glass window is observed to be the most energy efficient combination for reducing cooling loads as they gain the least heat gain in south orientation (21.51 kWh) for Ahmedabad region. The results of the study help in designing energy efficient passive buildings
Analysis of Differentially Expressed Rice Genes Reveals the ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters as Candidate Genes Against the Sheath Blight Pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani
No full textSheath blight is a serious rice disease worldwide, and genes involved in resistance remain unclear. In the present study, a virulent field isolate of Rhizoctonia solani was used to inoculate detached leaves of a sheath blight-resistant rice cultivar, Jasmine 85; a suppression subtractive cDNA library was constructed using RNA isolated 16 h postinoculation (hpi); and differentially expressed genes were identified from the cDNA library. A total of 159 uniquely expressed sequence tags were identified, including 105 from rice with enrichment in categories related to cellular response, molecular signaling, and host defense. Coupled with gene expression studies by DNA microarray, 27 highly induced genes involved in signal transduction and defense responses were identified within 16 hpi. Three members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene family (OsABC1, OsABC9, and OsABC12) encoding pleiotropic drug resistance-like ABC transporters were mapped to different sheath blight resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and their differential expressions were validated. Three high-resolution melting (HRM) markers were developed from these ABC gene family members to distinguish alleles between sheath blight-susceptible cultivar Lemont and resistant cultivar Jasmine 85. Association of sheath blight resistance to these HRM markers was examined in 77 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between Jasmine 85 and Lemont. The OsABC9 gene located in a major sheath blight resistance QTL qShB9-2 showed a major contribution to sheath blight resistance. These results are useful for marker-assisted selection and functional validation of the ABC genes in sheath blight disease resistance. [Figure: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2022
