8,090 research outputs found
Vulnerability and Resilience in West Africa: Understanding Human Mobility in the Context of Land Degradation
No full textThe loss of productive land is often one of the key drivers of human mobility. Land degradation
might lead to increases in migration because of the need to diversify incomes, but it can also cause
reduced mobility by eroding the financial or physical assets and capital required to finance
migration. When on-site adaptation is either impossible or undesirable, migration allows people
to modify their exposure to climate and environmental stressors. On one hand, temporary and
circular labour migration, internal and international remittances, and family relocation are among
the most common strategies used throughout history, and increasingly so in the past decades, to
cope with harsh climatic variations, increasingly hostile natural environments, and natural
disasters. On the other hand, land abandonment and out-migration can lead to further isolation
and marginalization of both vulnerable rural populations (increasing their vulnerability if migration
occurs in unplanned ways) and migrants who relocate toward areas of high environmental risk,
such as resource-scarce or urban areas within insecure expanding cities. Based on existing
evidence on the West Africa region, the research in this paper aims at gaining a better
understanding of how land degradation interacts with drivers of migration by analysing the factors
determining vulnerability at individual, household, and community levels, as well as those factors
affecting capacities—whether inherent or acquired—and strategies that contribute to building
resilience
Effects of land degradation induced migration in Africa : providing evidence on the role of climate and environmental change as drivers of migration
No full textClimate change and migration are closely interconnected in many parts of the world. Migration is a key way by which households cope with and adapt to rapid and slow environmental changes. Under extreme conditions of drought, economic hardship, and political instability, migration is used as a last-resort survival mechanism. Although these cases continue to happen, they are a less common form of climate-induced migration. Most migration associated with environmental and climate change does not occur under conditions of absolute distress, but of diversification, as households search for opportunities to generate new income sources and to reduce their exposure to environmental and climate related risks and hazards. This type of migration tends to be ignored and raises almost no interest in the media. However, to fully understand the dynamics of migration in less developed countries, it is essential to consider climate change and environmental degradation and increase understanding on the role they play in driving the decision to migrate.
In this thesis, the author tried to address this complex subject by adopting a mix of different approaches that take in consideration the challenges and gaps in knowledge. In particular, the aim of this thesis is to provide new evidence on relationship between climatic and environmental changes and migration by: (i) adopting an inter-disciplinary approach and comparing concepts and paradigms from different academic and policy fields; (ii) elaborating a conceptual framework that shifts from the dominant focus on climate change and addresses migration as a response to gradual environmental changes, such as land degradation and natural resource depletion; (iii) producing new empirical data through a survey conducted on migrants from sub-Saharan Africa.
This thesis consists of a collection of articles and is structured in three chapters, each of which contains one articles/paper. The first two articles have been co-authored, peer-reviewed and published, while the third one has been done in collaboration with the Institute for Scientific Research of the Rabat University that administered the questionnaire in Morocco under the supervision of the author.
The first article is a chapter published in the book “Migration, Risk Management and Climate Change: Evidence and Policy Responses” published by Springer under the series Global Migration Issues in 2016. The title of the chapter is “Remittances for adaptation: an ‘alternative source’ of international climate finance?”. Bringing together literature on climate finance and remittances, the article analyze whether remittances could be considered as an ‘alternative’ source of adaptation finance in international climate negotiations. The second article is a on “Vulnerability and resilience in West Africa: understanding human mobility in the context of land degradation” reviews the evidence on land degradation induced migration in West Africa and explores the circumstances under which migration can actually increase the resilience of households in the face of climate and environmental change. The third article, titled “Environmental change and migration: the role of climatic and environmental conditions in the migration decision”, aims at discussing the nexus between climate/environmental change and migration by focusing on perception of the hazards and motivations for migration from an individual’s perspective. The result of the survey confirmed that, in general, climate and environmental change are important determinants of the decision to migrate, even though concurring with other major motivations. In particular, they turned out to be the most important reasons to migrate for a non-negligible number of migrants
Barbara James
No full textDate:1943Barbara was born in Holdredge, Nebraska in the United States of America in 1943. In 1960 she arrived in Darwin working in a variety of occupations such as a journalist, historian, author, activist, advocate and editor. Barbara wrote 13 books including "No Man's Land" which explored the contributions of women in the Northern Territory. She also received a number of awards including 2001 NT Heritage Award, the 2000 NT Literary Essay Awards and the Chief Minister's Women's Achievement Award in 1999.JournalistHistorianAuthorActivistEditorAmerica
Remittances for Adaptation: An ‘Alternative Source’ of International Climate Finance?
No full textClimate finance is a key issue at the UN climate negotiations, but explicit international funding possibilities for adaptation in developing countries remain limited. According to the recent Paris Agreement, climate finance will come from a ‘wide variety of sources, instruments and channels’. To the extent that these are understood, they do not seem to generate the USD 100 billion per annum that was repeatedly pledged by developed countries, and they flow to mitigation rather than adaptation. Remittances have potential to finance adaptation, because (1) the potential is huge and unexplored); (2) remittances directly reach to households, including in remote and vulnerable areas; (3) remittances are often employed for (climate-induced) disaster relief and sometimes also for investments in long-term adaptation strategies. Whilst not ignoring ethical arguments against poor migrants’ remittances as an alternative source of adaptation finance for developing countries under the UN climate negotiations, this chapter examines whether remittances could technically constitute such a source. It analyses empirical evidence from remittance literature against ten climate finance criteria from the UNFCCC Copenhagen Accord. Our analysis finds that remittances could match criteria such as ‘adequacy’ and ‘predictability’. However, ‘improved access’ can only be matched if developed and developing countries create the right incentives to reach out to potential diaspora investors. ‘Transparency’ is unlikely to be met. Whether remittances contribute to the USD 100 billion climate finance pledge is a controversial political decision, but in any case remittances can support adaptation at household and community level. Public climate finance could increase the potential of remittance for such purposes
Gastrite erosiva da allergia alle proteine del latte vaccino: una patologia rara ma non troppo.
No full textN
Barbara Ras - Sowell Conference 2017
No full textBarbara Ras, San Antonio, Poet, author of "Bite Every Sorrow" and "The Last Skin
Exclusive interview with author Barbara Kingsolver
No full textExclusive interview with author Barbara Kingsolver for her 2018 novel *Unsheltered
Dataset for publication: Post‐war architecture and urban planning as means of reinventing Opole’s past and identity
No full textThe collection includes files related to the publication: Barbara Szczepańska, Post‐War Architecture and Urban Planning as Means of Reinventing Opole’s Past and Identity, „Urban Planning”, Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Bombed Cities: Legacies of Post-War Planning on the Contemporary Urban and Social Fabric, pp. 266-278, https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v8i1.6079. The collection includes figures used in the publication:Opole_plan A plan of Opole, with areas of Ostrówek (left), Market Square (center) and Central Square (right) highlighted in red. Originally published in: "Guidebook to the city of Opole" ("Przewodnik po mieście Opolu", Opole: Księgarnia Opolska, 1948, https://polona.pl/preview/2f383a4a-5e9e-444d-9e94-366b8ac8610d). Author: Z. Streer. Licence: CC0Opole_Monument to the Opole Silesian Fighters for Freedom A photograph depicting Monument to the Opole Silesian Fighters for Freedom (Pomnik Bojownikom o Wolność Śląska Opolskiego) in Opole. Author: Barbara Szczepańska. Licence: CC0Opole_monument of Kazimierz I Opolczyk A photograph depicting the monument of Kazimierz I Opolczyk in the Market Square in Opole. Author: Barbara Szczepańska. Licence: CC0Opole_Market Square_eastern frontage A photograph depicting eastern frontage of the Market Square in Opole. Author: Barbara Szczepańska. Licence: CC0Opole_Market Square_eastern frontage_before 1945 A photograph depicting eastern frontage of the Market Square in Opole before 1945. Originally published on Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Market_Square_in_Opole,_eastern_frontage.jpg. Author: unknown. Licence: CC0Opole_monument of Frederick the Great A photograph depicting monument of Frederick the Great in Opole, before 1945. Originally published on Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Opole_Oppeln_Denkmal_Friedrich_der_Große.jpg. Author: unknown. Licence: CC0</ul
'A date with Barbara': paracosms of the self in biographies of Barbara Newhall Follett
No full textIn 1927, 13-year-old Barbara Newhall Follett published her first book, the critically acclaimed novel, The House Without Windows and Eepersip's Life There.
Twelve years later, on December 7, 1939, 25-year-old Barbara quarrelled with her husband and left her apartment in Boston with $30 in her pocket, and a notebook. She was never seen again.
The House Without Windows is set in a paracosm (Farksolia) she invented, and ends with the metamorphosis of the titular character into a 'fairy-a wood nymph … invisible for ever to all mortals, save those few who have minds to believe, eyes to see'.
In Barbara's (auto)biography, The Unconscious Autobiography of a Child Genius (1966), written by Harold Grier McCurdy 'in collaboration with Helen Follett' (Barbara's mother), the authors wonder: 'Can we be far wrong in substituting Barbara's name for Eepersip's in the closing scenes of [House Without Windows]?
In this paper, I grapple with the formal and ethical challenges of writing about Barbara Newhall Follett, and the ways her family and others have approached the problem of writing her unresolved life story: a child raised and educated in solitude, a celebrated 'natural' child author, a young woman whose disappearance remains unsolved. The paper will explore the ways in which adults write the stories of children's lives, as nostalgia and fable, as fairytale and paracosmic narrative, and the ways in which Barbara's biographers have, consciously and unconsciously, created biographical concordances, or paracosms of the self, in seeking to make meaning of her life's story
Barbara Ehrenreich: Blood Rites: A New Evolutionary Perspective on Violence
No full textBarbara Ehrenreich, author, social critic and political essayist, discusses the emotional and social aspects of warfare and violence.
Barbara Ehrenreich is an American author and political activist who describes herself as a myth buster by trade” and has been called a veteran muckraker by The New Yorker.During the 1980s and early 1990s she was a prominent figure in the Democratic Socialists of America. She is a widely read and award-winning columnist and essayist, and author of 21 books. Ehrenreich is perhaps best known for her 2001 book Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America
- …
