1,721,001 research outputs found
Characterization of Salivary, Mucosal and Denture Surfaces Role in Denture Stomatitis: An Exploratory Study
Get PDFObjectives: To explore associations between clinical signs of stomatitis and tissue/denture infection, as well as salivary and serum biomarkers. Methods: An IRB approved, case-control study enrolled 32 edentate subjects, 17 with healthy palatal mucosa as controls and 15 with denture stomatitis (DS) (Newton's classification type II and III). Rate of salivary flow, exfoliative cytology, culture, salivary cytokines levels, serum C-reactive protein levels, and DNA-DNA checkerboard analyses were performed. Results: denture levels of yeast were higher and more strongly predictive of clinical DS than salivary or mucosal levels. Certain pro-inflammatory cytokines levels were increased in DS and associated with counts of C. albicans in saliva. Conclusions: the denture, rather than the inflamed palatal mucosa, is the primary C. albicans habitat. At this point, data suggest no evidence that DS can induce systemic inflammation
Impact of Denture Cleaning Method and Overnight Storage Condition on Denture Biofilm Mass and Composition: A Cross-Over Randomized Clinical Trial.
No full textBackgroundAppropriate oral hygiene is required to maintain oral health in denture wearers. This study aims to compare the role of denture cleaning methods in combination with overnight storage conditions on biofilm mass and composition on acrylic removable dentures.MethodsIn a cross-over randomized controlled trial in 13 older people, 4 conditions with 2 different mechanical cleaning methods and 2 overnight storage conditions were considered: (i) brushing and immersion in water without a cleansing tablet, (ii) brushing and immersion in water with a cleansing tablet, (iii) ultrasonic cleaning and immersion in water without a cleansing tablet, and (iv) ultrasonic cleaning and immersion in water with a cleansing tablet. Each test condition was performed for 5 consecutive days, preceded by a 2-days wash-out period. Biofilm samples were taken at baseline (control) and at the end of each test period from a standardized region. Total and individual levels of selected oral bacteria (n = 20), and of Candida albicans were identified using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Denture biofilm coverage was scored using an analogue denture plaque score. Paired t-tests and Wilcoxon-signed rank tests were used to compare the test conditions. The level of significance was set at αResultsOvernight denture storage in water with a cleansing tablet significantly reduced the total bacterial count (pConclusionsThe use of cleansing tablets during overnight denture storage in addition to mechanical denture cleaning did not affect Candida albicans count, but reduced the total bacterial count on acrylic removable dentures compared to overnight storage in water. This effect was more pronounced when combined with ultrasonic cleaning compared to brushing.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02454413
Immediate placement and loading of dental implants into infected sites with and without antibiotic prophylaxis: an exploratory study
Get PDFThe objective of this prospective clinical trial was to evaluate the influence of pre- and post-operative antibiotic therapy on the survival rate of implants immediately placed and loaded into sites with infection. Fifteen subjects were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent extraction of an infected tooth. All but two received an implant, abutment, and provisional crown at the same visit. Follow-up visits at week 1, 4, and months 6 and 12 were completed. Of the thirteen implants placed, two failed to integrate. Of the two failed implants, one subject received antibiotic, whereas the other received placebo. Within the limitations of this study, it appears that pre- and post-operative antibiotic use does not have a beneficial effect on the outcome of implants placed into sites with periradicular infection. Additionally, implants placed into sites with infection have comparable success rates to implants placed in sites without infectio
Plasma level of adrenomedullin is influenced by a single nucleotide polymorphism in the adiponectin gene
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Trueness of digital intraoral impression in reproducing multiple implant position
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to evaluate the trueness of 5 intraoral scanners (IOSs) for digital impression of simulated implant scan bodies in a partially edentulous model. A 3D printed partially edentulous mandible model made of Co-Cr with a total of 6 bilaterally positioned cylinders in the canine, second premolar, and second molar area served as the study model. Digital scans of the model were made with a reference scanner (steroSCAN neo) and 5 IOSs (CEREC Omnicam, CS3600, i500, iTero Element, and TRIOS 3) (n = 10). For each IOS's dataset, the XYZ coordinates of the cylinders were obtained from the reference point and the deviations from the reference scanner were calculated using a 3D reverse engineering program (Rapidform). The trueness values were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney post hoc test. Direction and amount of deviation differed among cylinder position and among IOSs. Regardless of the IOS type, the cylinders positioned on the left second molar, nearest to the scanning start point, showed the smallest deviation. The deviation generally increased further away from scanning start point towards the right second molar. TRIOS 3 and i500 outperformed the other IOSs for partially edentulous digital impression. The accuracy of the CEREC Omnicam, CS3600, and iTero Element were similar on the left side, but they showed more deviations on the right side of the arch when compared to the other IOSs. The accuracy of IOS is still an area that needs to be improved
Determination of Occlusal Plane Using Bony Anatomical Landmarks Through the Analysis of Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Get PDFStatement of problem: Establishing the occlusal plane of the edentulous mouth is challenging but with the accuracy of 3D radiography, the orientation of the occlusal plane can be determined using stable anatomical landmarks. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the location of the occlusal plane in relation to stable, bony anatomical structures. Material and Methods: Stable bony structures were identified and the orientation of the occlusal plane was determined in relation to these landmarks, using CBCT scans. Results: The anterior determinant of occlusal plane is located 29mm (95% CI: 28.3mm to 30.0mm) inferior to the anterior nasal spine (ANS). In relation to the hamular notch-incisal edge (HNI) plane, the occlusal plane forms a 15.5o angle (95% CI: 14.7o to 16.2o). Conclusions: Results from this study will enable dentists and technicians to accurately locate the occlusal plane in a virtual environment without the use of an analog face-bow.Master of Scienc
Investigating the Etiology of Primary Failure of Eruption (PFE): A Comprehensive Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis
Get PDFHeather M Hendricks: Investigating the Etiology of Primary Failure of Eruption (PFE): A Comprehensive Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis (Under the direction of Sylvia A Frazier-Bowers) The genetic basis of PFE (OMIM ID: 125350), a diagnosis that conveys a poor prognosis in the eruption/ function of teeth, was interrogated. Treatment with a continuous archwire worsens the condition. Two aims tested the hypothesis that PTH1R mutations result in loss of function and that multiple genes cause PFE: to determine 1) the fate of a functional PTH1R mutation and 2)PFE contribution by BMP2 and TNFSF-11. Methods: We used IFA and transfected COS7 cells with either the WT or 1092delG PTH1R mutation sequence to compare the fate of the expressed protein and performed mutational analysis of BMP2 and TNFSF-11 with PCR and sequencing. Results: Sequencing revealed 3 intronic SNPs in TNFSF-11; in silico /functional studies showed expression alterations and structural changes in mutant vs WT PTH1R protein. Conclusion: PTH1R mutations in PFE likely result from diminished function; causative mutations in genes.Master of Scienc
Functional analysis of rs3811046 and rs3811047 variants in Caucasians
Get PDFInflammation is an essential for the survival of the host, not only to fight off pathogens but also for immunotolerance to avoid autoimmunity. Turning off the inflammation is as important as turning them on, because lack thereof will lead to uncontrolled chronic inflammation, unnecessary structural damage, and compromised or delayed wound healing which do not benefit the host. Periodontal disease is one of the example of such uncontrolled chronic inflammation. Periodontitis is a combined result of pathogenic bacteria establishing themselves in the biofilm-gingival interface, and the excessive and uncontrolled immune response to the bacteria and their byproducts. It is actually the host immune response that destroys the periodontal attachment apparatus, and not the direct destructive action of the pathogens. Some individuals are more predisposed to inflammation. It can be due to genetic predisposition, others could be due to systemic conditions. We describe one of such example where single nucleotide polymorphisms can lead to pro-inflammatory profiles in Caucasian subjects. In chapter 1, we describe how we honed in onto a number of SNPs that are on the coding region of a cytokine called IL-37. Chapter 2, we created human recombinant IL-37b and observe the effects of variants on its anti-inflammatory function. In chapter 3 we obtained human samples from known genotypes and observed pro-inflammatory profiles in the subjects with the SNP variance. Finally in chapter 4, we discuss its significance and future study directions.Doctor of Philosoph
THE ROLE of MORN2 AND TRAF3IP2 GENETIC VARIANTS IN MODULATING INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS
Get PDFPeriodontal disease is a polygenic disease that is associated with inflammatory response to the oral biofilm. Although it is believed that microbial pathogens are necessary to the causal pathway, a key factor to determine whether individuals will develop periodontitis is the way how the hosts respond to the microflora resides in their periodontium. Genetic polymorphisms that will cause a change in the encoded protein or its expression, which may alter host innate or adaptive immunity, such as host barrier function and inflammatory responses, to microorganism and determine susceptibility to inflammatory disease. Thus it is necessary to seek candidate genetic function to explain the differences in susceptibility to periodontal disease.
Our recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a missense single nucleotide polymorphism SNP (rs3099950) in the gene MORN2 that codes for a key membrane protein. We have also identified a missense SNP (rs13190932) in the gene TRAF3IP2 locus which is involved IL-17 signaling. These two genetic variants are associated with a P.gingivalis (P.g) dominant and A. actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) dominant periodontal disease subtypes. To date, only one study has described the function of MORN2 that serves as a macrophage protein that promotes the phagocytosis and killing of organisms via LC3-asscociated phagocytosis. TRAF3IP2 is involved in IL-17 signaling and mucosal immunity serving as an adaptor protein for the IL-17 receptor. However, the role of MORN2 and TRAF3IP2 in periodontal disease is unknown.
In Chapter 1, the background of periodontal disease and how the SNPs were identified by GWAS were described. In Chapter 2, we investigated the role of MORN2 in modulating innate immune response to periodontal pathogens and our studies suggest that MORN2 plays a critical role in the LC3-associated phagocytosis – mediated killing of periodontal pathogen (P.g) as well as cytokine/chemokine response through Ca2+ flux and NF-kB activation. In Chapter 3, we explored the role of TRAF3IP2 mediated IL-17 pathway in periodontal disease. Our study suggests that TRAF3IP2 engaged homeostatic IL-17 pathway plays a protective role in a P.g induced alveolar bone loss and colonization through neutrophil recruitment, maintenance epithelial barrier and induction of antimicrobial peptides. Defective TRAF3IP2 shifts the oral commensal communities. Finally in Chapter 4, we discuss the significance and future study directions. In summary, these findings clarify the molecular mechanism of MORN2 and TRAF3IP2 function and provide insight into the genetic basis of MORN2 and TRAF3IP2 in periodontal disease susceptibility.Doctor of Philosoph
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