1,721,071 research outputs found
Liberalization Only at the Margins?:Analysing the Growth of Temporary Work in German Core Manufacturing Sectors
Full text linkDrawing on workers’ surveys and workplace interviews, this article investigates the growth of temporary work in German manufacturing sectors since the eighties. Findings partly confirm a “dualization” scenario as workers without industry-specific vocational training are more likely to be on a temporary contract than skilled workers, and the gap has widened over time. However, also skilled workers have become increasingly vulnerable to casualization due to job routine and the erosion of industrial relations. Evidence confirms the crucial role of institutions in supporting the linkage between specific skills and employment stability, and suggest that the liberalization of the employment relationship has the potential to advance also in the core of the German economy
Throwing out the ballast: Growth models and the liberalization of German industrial relations
No full textcomparative capitalism, comparative institutional analysis, institutional theory, lean management, national
innovation systems, societal effect
Softening industrial relations institutions, hardening growth model: The transformation of the German political economy
No full textIn contrast with recent literature which sees the German model as either a fundamentally resilient model of coordinated capitalism, or as undergoing liberalization only in the peripheral service sectors but not in the core manufacturing ones, in this paper we make two arguments. First, we argue that a fundamental change is taking place in the German growth model, which is drifting away from the typical wage-led growth pattern of other large Eurozone economies and moving towards exclusively export-led growth. Second, we document a liberalizing trend in German industrial relations institutions in both the manufacturing sectors and in the service sectors, and argue that it stands in a relationship of coevolution with the growth model shift: the liberal erosion of industrial relations institutions has facilitated the pursuit of an economic strategy based on external competitiveness and cost-cutting, while the decline of household consumption as a driver of growth has contributed to lock-in the export-led model and to generate further pressure for industrial relations liberalization
Income Distribution in Network Markets
No full textWe enquiry about the effects of first and second order stochastic dominance shifts of the distribution of the consumers’ willingness to pay, within the standard model of a market with network externalities and hump-shaped demand curve. This issue is analyzed in the polar cases of perfect competition and monopoly. We find that, while under perfect competition both types of distributional changes result in higher output, provided marginal costs are low enough, in the monopoly case the final outcome depends on the way income distribution and the network externality interact in determining market demand elasticity
Going Up-Skill: Exploring the Transformation of the German Skill Formation System
No full textThe German skill formation system has been undergoing significant changes over the last two decades and most recently we observed massive expansion of higher education vis-à-vis the ‘traditional’ dual vocational training, which stands in contrast with the notion of equilibrium that has accompanied the German skill formation system in the literature. Yet, while the institutional underpinnings of the traditional model have been subject to comprehensive scrutiny and theorisation–including analyses of recent patterns of change–it remains unclear what arrangements have become institutionalised as skill formation ‘moves up’ from the dual vocational training to the university system. The article suggests that a (dominant) pattern of state coordination co-exists with a segmentalist pattern: the state mobilised resources and coordinated the provision of high skills to the benefit of all companies and in particular of small and medium sized enterprises that have relatively fewer resources and capacity to train; in parallel, large firms, with more resources and a large internal labour market, met their high skill needs also without state-mediation, by establishing direct relationships with higher education institutions through dual study programmes
Lipschitz continuity results for a class of obstacle problems
No full textWe prove Lipschitz continuity results for solutions to a class of obstacle problems under standard growth conditions of p-type, p b 2. The main novelty is the use of a linearization technique going back to [28] in order to interpret our constrained minimizer as a solution to a nonlinear elliptic equation, with a bounded right hand side. This lead us to start a Moser iteration scheme which provides the Ll bound for the gradient. The application of a recent higher di¤erentiability result [24] allows us to simplify the procedure of the identification of the Radon measure in the linearization technique employed in [32]. To our knowdledge, this is the first result for nonautomonous functionals with standard growth conditions in the direction of the Lipschitz regularity
The distribution of the tax burden and the income distribution: theory and empirical evidence
Full text linkWe compare the tax burden distribution across incomes and the income share distribution, based on a stochastic dominance approach. We find conditions to assess the progressivity of different sources of taxes, given knowledge of the income share elasticities, which measure the relative marginal change in the income share accruing to each class of income, associated to a marginal increase in income. We first consider a simple setting with only indirect taxes and then extend it to savings and direct taxation. The progressivity of a given set of taxes depends on the correlation between the relative incidence of the different sources of taxation and the income elasticity of household net expenditure. We use this approach to test empirically for the progressivity of the fiscal system
Determination of bergapten and citropten in perfumes and suntan cosmetics by HPLC and fluorescence.
No full text- …
