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The implications of joint adoption of revenue sharing and advance booking discount programs
No full textCoordination of Closed-loop Supply Chains by a Contract: A Quantitative Analysis for Single-period Products
No full textThis paper aims at designing a supply contract to coordinate a closed-loop supply chain for a single-period product. The model addresses a supply chain wherein a supplier with infinite capacity serves a retailer facing a random demand. The retailer offers two purchasing options to the customers, who are assumed price-sensitive: to buy the product at (i) full price or (ii) discounted price but giving back the worn-out one. Depending on the nature of the returned item, the retailer can either sell it on a secondary market or transfer it to the supplier, still receiving money in return. Both the optimal order quantity and the optimal discount coefficient are analytically defined in two standard settings - named centralized and decentralized - and in four contract-based settings. The centralized setting aims at maximizing the overall utility regardless of how this is shared along the supply chain. Under the decentralized setting, actors make decision independently. The contract-based settings (which define diverse ways to share the salvage and recovery values between the actors) are based on two parameters, which make both actors benefit from the coordination: a wholesale price, which is agreed by the actors, and a sharing factor that establishes the quota of the retailer's revenue that is passed up to the supplier. Under the contract agreements, individual as well as supply chain expected profits are analytically defined and compared with those obtained under the other settings to prove the achievement of channel coordination and the win-win conditions
Coordination of closed-loop supply chains by a contract: a quantitative analysis for single-period products
No full text
The implications of joint adoption of revenue sharing and advance booking discount programs
No full textConsider a supply chain that consists of a supplier and a retailer, who sells a single product to the customers over a short selling season. In this paper, we present a model in which the supply chain partners participate in two different programs: (1) the supplier and the retailer enter a revenue sharing (RS) contract and (2) the retailer offers an advance booking discount (ABD) program to the customers. Under the RS scheme, the retailer shares a portion of the selling price to the supplier in return for a lower wholesale price. The ABD program is intended to use price discount to entice customers to pre-commit their orders. Besides demand increases, the ABD program allows the retailer to use the pre-committed orders to develop more accurate forecasts. By examining our model, we determine the optimal decisions associated with these two programs including the optimal price discount, optimal order quantity. We analyse the optimal expected channel profit associated with the four possible scenarios wherein each program is offered or not. We also provide a detailed numerical example to illustrate the conditions under which the benefit of the joint adoption of RS and ABD programs is higher than the sum of the benefits associated with separate adoptions of these two program
Does Proximity really affect Innovation and Success? The case of Free/Libre Open Source Software
No full textMeasuring the openness of innovation
No full textMeasuring the openness of innovation is essential to understanding whether and under which conditions increasing openness is beneficial for organizations. However, no consensus has been so far achieved on which dimensions characterize the openness of innovation, which approach should be used to measure it, or which unit of analysis should be adopted. This paper proposes an approach, named ATOM (Aggregative Technique for Openness Measurement), to characterize and measure the openness of innovation, rooted in the concepts of knowledge supply (KS) and innovation practice (IP). As prescribed by the confirmation phase of theory building model, the approach has been successfully applied to a real innovation project. The paper contributes to clarifying the concept of innovation openness and attempts to improve its measurement by adopting a micro-level unit of analysis (i.e., single KS within an innovation project) as well as dimensions that extant literature considers relevant to managing external collaborations. The proposed approach can also support firms involved in an innovation project to (i) identify and measure the criticality of knowledge supplies, (ii) assess the openness of the adopted innovation practices, and (iii) support ex-post learning on the way the project was managed
The joint adoption of revenue sharing and advance booking discount: problems and implications
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