920 research outputs found
The biography of G.I. Blosfeld, the author of the first handbook on forensic medicine for lawyers
No full textThe paper covers some chapters of the biography of Professor G.I. Blosfeld (1797–1884), who was a famous scientist and headed the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Policy, History of Medicine, Hygiene, and Toxicology of the Kazan Imperial University from 1839 to 1864. A brief description of the state of medicine, public health, and teaching of medical sciences in the Russian Empire of the late 18th and early 19th centuries has been provided. The archival data on the activities of G.I. Blosfeld in the chair, memories of his students have been presented. The achievements of G.I. Blosfeld as a researcher and lecturer, who organized forensic medicine teaching at the Law Department of the Kazan University and created the first handbook on forensic medicine for lawyers published in 1847 in Kazan. The structure of the handbook has been analyzed, as well as other works of this researcher. His role among other forensic medical examiners of that period has been demonstrated
Roadmaps of G.I Tags in India vis-à-vis legal implications and international position of G.I Tag
No full textThis article examined GI as an Intellectual Property Right (IPR) in India. In doing this, the author will mention about the concept of GI and other concepts and terminologies related with GI. The research paper will discuss about the implications and non-legal implications of G.I Tag as an IPR. To give legal rights to the people whose trade or craft come available only due to their geographical factors, the government provides Geographical Indications or GI Tag. The author also put forth that the G.I holders must rethink and work on their strategies to get the desired success and further development .The paper will also focus on the evolution of G.I in India and its importance as well. The paper will then examine the existing approaches required for protection of G.I as well as the existing legal framework for GI protection in India, its procedure for Registration and other proposed bills meant to aid the development of IP in India. It then critically appraised India’s traditional cultural expressions/traditional knowledge and agricultural produce as the subject matter of GI protection. More so, the article analyzed the challenges facing developing countries with regards to GI protection. In keeping with the tradition of legal writing, the researchers adopt the doctrinal approach for the purpose of this research
Missense glucokinase mutation in maturity-onset diabetes of the young and mutation screening in late-onset diabetes
No full textWe describe a codon 299 mutation in the glucokinase gene in a British pedigree with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) resulting in a substitution of glycine to arginine. One out of fifty patients diagnosed with classical late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus was also found to have this mutation. All nine relatives of this patient who have inherited the mutation have type 2 diabetes, although six others without the mutation are also present with diabetes. The discovery that glucokinase mutations can cause MODY and was also found in ten affected members of a pedigree with type 2 diabetes in which MODY had not previously been considered indicates that diagnosis based on molecular pathology will be helpful in understanding the aetiology of type 2 diabetes
A Scalarizing One-Stage Algorithm for Efficient Multi-Objective Optimization
No full textA novel kriging-assisted algorithm is proposed for computationally expensive multi-objective optimization problems, such as those which arise in electromagnetic design. The algorithm combines the multiple objectives into a single objective, which it then optimizes using a one-stage method from singleobjective optimization. Its efficiency is demonstrated by comparison to a random search on a difficult test function
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Agricultural Extension Service News, Volume 2, 1946 October 18
No full textTopics include latest livestock data, 'g.i. joe' will get farming information, great dairying future, rye goal, moist mash no help for chickens, facts for farmers, homemakers brief
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Agricultural Extension Service News, Volume 2, 1946 October 18
No full textTopics include dewberry sorts, 'g.i. joe' will get farming information, great dairying future, rye goal, moist mash not help for chickens, facts for farmers, homemakers brief
IDENTIFICATION OF NEW HUMAN REPLICATION ORIGINS
No full textBackground
Transmission of genetic information from one cell generation to the next requires the accurate duplication of the genome. Replication initiation is a well-conserved process determined in all eukaryotes by the binding of the pre-Replication Complex (ORC and MCM proteins) to replication origins[1]. Despite the early success in budding yeast S.cearevisiae replication origins mapping, in mammals only few origins have been identified, because no consensus sequences have been found and epigenetic seem to be important for their selection[2].
Objectives
To study if and how genetic and epigenetic features can determine origin activity and how this process might be linked to gene expression, the identification and characterization of DNA sequences that serve as replication origins in mammals is crucial.
Results & Discussion
We have developed a novel strategy to identify human replication origins based on ultracentrifugation in equilibrium density gradient of sheared cross-linked chromatin[3]. Our results show that known replication origins are enriched in high-density fractions, containing naked DNA. We then probed tiled oligonucleotide microarrays (Nimblegene Technology) containing the human genomic DNA from chromosome 19 with origin-rich naked DNA and with DNA purified from ChIP assays with antibodies directed against proteins of the pre-RC complex. The combined analysis of these two hybridizations allowed the identification of about 30 candidate replication origins. With an independent assay we confirmed that 80% of these regions are newly identified replication origins.
Conclusions
We found an excellent tool for high-throughput identification of human DNA replication origins, very useful for their characterization.
References
1. Bell, S. and A. Dutta, DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. Annual Review Biochemistry, 2002. 71: p. 333-74.
2. Cook, P., The organization of replication and transcription. Science, 1999. 284.
3. Schwartz, Y., T. Kahn, and V. Pirrotta, Characteristic low density and shear sensitvityof cross-linked chromatin containing polycomb complexes. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 2005. 25(1): p. 432-439
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The human genome: Computational challenges
No full textThe deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of a human cell contains all the information required for specifying that cell, or indeed the whole person, and constitues the human genome. Programs are now underway to obtain genetic linkage maps and physical maps of human chromosomes containing the DNA, and large scale efforts will soon begin to provide detailed sequences. The challenges involved in assembling these data into a knowledge base are examined. Computations will play a key role in enabling the scientists to understand the information contained in sequence data. Pattern recognition and string matching algorithms will be of particular importance. Recent results in the use of adaptive networks for pattern detection will be presented. 19 refs
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Theoretical models for cell-cell interaction in immune responses
No full textQuantitative theoretical models are described for treating interactions between cells which are mediated by mutually complementary receptors or by ligands, such as antigens or antigen-antibody complexes, which can bind and form links between the cells. It is found that relatively few receptor-receptor or receptor-ligand bonds can establish firm adhesion between the cells. Conditions on receptor numbers, mobility, and binding constants are defined for rapid binding between cells. As mobile receptors diffuse into and become concentrated in regions of intercellular contact, the cell membranes will be thereby locally modified, possibly forming a contact cap. An analysis is made of the extent and rate of such receptor accumulation. Some applications of these considerations to problems in immunology are sketched
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Theoretical models for the specific adhesion of cells to cells or to surfaces
No full textTheoretical framework for analysis of cell adhesion mediated by specific molecular interactions is presented with recent experimental and theoretical work reviewed. (PCS
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