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Does the immune system of plant and animal kingdoms share any pathways or mechanisms of action in phytotherapy?
Full text linkPhytotherapy, herbal remedies and dietary supplementation are recovering, to
the present day, more and more attention from the scientific world of the Western
countries not only in virtue of the antibiotic-resistance emerging problem or of the
hypersensitivity towards some synthetic molecules typical of the conventional
medicine, but also because the attention of the consumer/patient is increasingly
oriented towards the respect for the environment and trusts the green economy as the
only sustainable policy. However, even if various herbal remedies are recognized as
antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and immunostimulant, the known functioning
mechanisms of phytocomplexes are still scarse. Furthermore, the in vitro evaluation
of the mechanisms of action of the single main components are frequently not able to
reproduce the general effect linked to the intake of the phytocomplex in it’s entirely.
In this article, hypothesizing that the key of the effectiveness of phytotherapy is due
to the triggering of common pathways existing between the innate immune system of
the plant and animal kingdom, it is wanted to try to give a general explanation to the
functioning principle of phytotherapy in the animal world. In light of this theory, so as
the route of administration of many vaccines (oral vs injection) has changed in the last
few years due to the improved knowledge on the operting of mucosal immune system,
similarly the therapeutic approach of some diseases could also be reconsidered
Boswellia Serrata Supplementation in Horses: Effects on Ex Vivo Immune Responses and Redox Status
No full textThe gum resin of Boswellia serrata (BS), a natural compound also called Indian frankincense in the traditional medicine, has been used for centuries in the Middle East and in central Africa for its anti-inflammatory, antiarthrogenic, and analgesic properties (1, 2). The persistent low-grade inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases (3) and most of these diseases are also associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in oxidative stress (4). However, in recent years, the extracts from the gum resin of BS have been also shown to target both the humoral and adaptive immune responses in mice (5), eventually interfering with the inflammatory cascade (6). To date, the effects of an oral administration of BS in horses has not been investigated. Purpose of this preliminary work was the evaluation of immune responses in ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of horses supplemented with BS and its effects on their redox status
Effects of Boswellia Serrata Supplementation on Ex Vivo Immune Responses in Horses
No full textFrankincense, the gum resin of Boswellia serrata (BS), has been used for centuries in central Africa and in the Middle East as a remedy for many health problems, especially chronic inflammatory diseases [1]. In recent years, the extracts from the gum resin of BS have been also shown to target both the humoral and adaptive immune responses in mice [2,3]. To date, the effects of an oral administration of BS in horses has not been investigated. Purpose of this preliminary work was the evaluation of immune responses in ex vivo peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of horses supplemented with BS. The preliminary study suggests that BS is able to modulate the ex vivo immune responses in equine species by increasing the immune responses in cells either pulsed or not by mitogens
RELATIONSHIP AMONG ZINC (ZN) AND CUPPER (CU) PLASMATIC LEVELS AND ERYTHROCYTE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY (SOD) IN BUFFALOES RAISED IN ITALY
No full textSuperoxide dismutase (SOD) is an cytoplasmatic enzyme with antioxidant activity. Relationship among plasma concentrations of microelement as Zn and Cu and the erythrocyte SOD activity was investigated in man, bovine, rat and camels. The results of these researches showed different correlations among parameters taken in account. The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between plasma Zn and Cu levels and erythrocyte SOD activity in buffaloes. A total of 204 blood samples were collected bimonthly from 34 female buffaloes raised in 4 different farms located in the Frosinone province (Italy) during a year period. The levels of parameters were similar than bovine (14,46 ± 3,29 μmol/l; 10,78 ± 7,46 μmol/l; 1433,7 ± 95,6 U/g Hb for Zn, Cu and SOD activity respectively) and have showed a similar trend during the productive periods with a minimum during the dry period. A negative correlation (r:-0,47; P<0,001) was found between Zn plasmatic levels and erythrocyte SOD activity. The result suggest that SOD activity could be different than bovine and to be caused by a genetic enzyme constitution
EFFETTO DELLA RAZZA E DELL'ALPEGGIO SULL'ATTIVITA' DELLA GSHpx ERITROCITARIA NELLA PECORA
No full textThe effect of training and competition on the endocrine-metabolic response to stress in trotters.
No full textFEEDING BEHAVIOUR AND ENERGY METABOLISM OF ALPACA IN CENTRAL ITALY DURING LATE PREGNANCY AND EARLY LACTATION
No full textGlutathione peroxidase activity and its relationship with cortisol and oppiod responses to training in trotters.
No full textDraft genome of an extremely drug-resistant st551 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from an Italian dog with otitis externa
Full text linkObjectives: To determine the draft genome sequence and analyse the genetic features of a Staphylococcus pseudintermedius clinical isolate according to the main typing schemes available, with a special focus on antibiotic resistance. Methods: The strain was isolated from a case of otitis externa in a dog. Its identity and pattern of antibiotic susceptibility were determined using an automated system. The genome was sequenced using an Illumina platform. MLST, SCCmec typing, resistome, and mobile genetic elements were derived by comparative analysis using available specific databases. Results: S. pseudintermedius CAM1 isolate has a chromosome size of 2 652 610 bp. It showed a wide pattern of phenotypic resistance, comprising beta-lactams, macrolides and lincosamides, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The genetic determinants of the underlying mechanisms were all found by in silico analysis of the genome. The mecA gene for methicillin resistance was harboured by the Vc type of the SCCmec. MLST of the strain was st551. Conclusion: By comparison with the MLST database of S. pseudintermedius and data from published molecular epidemiology studies, CAM1 is the first st551 strain recorded in Italy and, in the context of an already extremely wide antibiotic resistance pattern, it harbours also the tetK gene, the prevalence of which is rare in MDR S. pseudintermedius
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