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Figure 3 in A New Species of Teratomyza, the First Fern Fly from New Guinea (Diptera, Teratomyzidae)
No full textFigure 3. Teratomyza ismayi, outer claw of left prothoracic tarsus of male.Published as part of Bayless, Keith M., 2022, A New Species of Teratomyza, the First Fern Fly from New Guinea (Diptera, Teratomyzidae), pp. 13-18 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 74 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1791, http://zenodo.org/record/717801
Figure 2 in A New Species of Teratomyza, the First Fern Fly from New Guinea (Diptera, Teratomyzidae)
No full textFigure 2. Teratomyza ismayi male genitalia (A) external features, left lateral view. (B) right surstylus, internal view, illustrating armature.Published as part of Bayless, Keith M., 2022, A New Species of Teratomyza, the First Fern Fly from New Guinea (Diptera, Teratomyzidae), pp. 13-18 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 74 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.74.2022.1791, http://zenodo.org/record/717801
Figs 2–4 in Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species
No full textFigs 2–4. SEM micrographs of wing of Schildia microthorax (EMF, Costa Rica) with veins labeled. (2) Distal tip of wing; (3) detail of trichoid spicules; (4) posterior margin of wing. Scale bars = 50 µm.Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on page 255, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
Newly discovered males and new records of the uncommon Neotropical genera Eutabanus Kröber and Myiotabanus Lutz (Diptera: Tabanidae)
No full textKrolow, Tiago Kütter, Bayless, Keith M., Henriques, Augusto Loureiro (2012): Newly discovered males and new records of the uncommon Neotropical genera Eutabanus Kröber and Myiotabanus Lutz (Diptera: Tabanidae). Zootaxa 3389: 25-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21422
Diachlorini
No full textKey to males of calyptrate-mimicking Neotropical Diachlorini lacking macrosetae on the basicosta (Eutabanus and Myiotabanus)* 1. Acute anterior projection of notopleural lobe present, wing with discrete transversal band from pterostigma to discal cell, labellum unsclerotized, gonostylus enlarged distally............................................. Eutabanus pictus - Acute anterior projection of notopleural lobe absent, wing mostly hyaline, without discrete transversal band from pterostigma to discal cell, labellum with sclerotized plates, gonostylus parallel-sided to slightly tapered distally.................... 2 2. Median dark scutal stripe narrower than or as wide as dorsocentral white stripes, gonostylus with deep central v-shaped depression at apex, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico............................................. Myiotabanus muscoideus - Median dark scutal stripe wider than dorsocentral white stripes, gonostylus with small lateral notch at apex, Brazil, Northern Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia............................................................................ 3 3. Antennal flagellomeres brown, length> 10 mm excluding antennae, North-Central Brazil........ Myiotabanus amazonicus - Antennal flagellomeres yellow, length <7 mm excluding antennae, South-central Brazil, Northern Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia............................................................................. Myiotabanus barrettoiPublished as part of Krolow, Tiago Kütter, Bayless, Keith M. & Henriques, Augusto Loureiro, 2012, Newly discovered males and new records of the uncommon Neotropical genera Eutabanus Kröber and Myiotabanus Lutz (Diptera: Tabanidae), pp. 25-33 in Zootaxa 3389 on page 32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21422
Schildia fragilis
No full textSchildia fragilis (Carrera, 1944) (Figs 12, 31–34, 38) (Carrera, 1944: 88, 89) Schildia (Shannomyioleptus) fragilis (Hull 1962: 314). Schildia fragilis (Martin 1965: 114; Martin 1968b: 5; Martin 1975: 189; Artigas & Papavero 1988: 98, 102). Schildia zonae (Martin, 1975: 190, 192). syn.n. Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the wide face, the light brown to brown lateral postpronotal lobes, the long postocular setae, and the long presutural dorsocentral setae. Redescription. Head: Face silver pruinose, sometimes dorsal half apruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax light yellow, 2 setae; vertex wide, wider than face at clypeal–facial margin, silver pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin more than adjacent ommatidium; occiput laterally grey pruinose, median dorso-ventral stripe silver pruinose; postocular setae yellow, long; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light yellow, light yellow to light brown setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel light yellow proximally, light brown distally, silver pruinose, between 1.5–2 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, 1/4 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element. Th orax: Predominantly brown, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow to light brown; scutum brown, sometimes antero-laterally lighter brown, predominantly apruinose, lateral and posterior margins brown pruinose; presutural dc setae: 1 short, 1 intermediate, 1 long, postsutural dc setae: 3–5 short anteriorly oriented setae, 5–6 short acr setae, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum brown, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins, anteriorly and dorsally silver and remaining parts brown pruinose; anepimeron, proepimeron, katepisternum, katepimeron and meron+metanepisternum brown, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum anteriorly and antero-dorsally silver pruinose, posterodorsally brown pruinose, central area apruinose, meron+metanepisternum brown pruinose anteriorly, medially apruinose, posteriorly silver pruinose, metkatepisternum brown, silver pruinose; scutellum brown, silver pruinose, few very short apical scutellar setae; Legs: light yellow to light brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow; pro and mes femora light yellow with 2 transverse light brown bands, met femur mostly light yellow to light brown, clubbed in distal 1/3, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown macrosetae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 2 light brown transverse bands, met tibia brown with median yellow transverse band, about 2 times as long as width of tibia, all tibiae with yellow to light brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 2 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 2 apical macrosetae; tarsus light yellow to light brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2 following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; all empodia minute, sometimes met empodium 1/4 of median claw; median claw more than half as long as lateral claw; Wings (Fig. 12): length = 4.4–4.7 mm; few microtrichia, trichoid spicules short, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, about 18–20 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d small, terminating in M2 and M3, r-m situated proximal to separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C well proximal to R5 and M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length = 0.9 mm. Abdomen: Brown; T2 length = 2.7–3.0 mm, T2 with yellow transverse band medially, T2–3 with short, erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with lateral sensory areas (Fig. 34); Male terminalia (Figs 31–33): epandrial halves fused medially, distal tip straight, pointed; epandrium and hypandrium fused proximally, gonocoxite and hypandrium fused to form gonocoxite-hypandrial complex; Aedeagus: not protruding from hypopygium, very short, prong a wide tube; Female genitalia (see Figs 9and 10in Artigas and Papavero 1988) - spermathecae occupying only segment 8, individual spermathecal ducts long and coiled; spermathecal reservoirs not sclerotized, as wide as individual ducts, forming a coil. Type material. The ♂ holotype of Shannomyioleptus fragilis is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♂ / HOLOTIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 ♂ M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border) / 104435” (MZSP). The specimen was originally double mounted (attached to triangular label paper), but was destroyed when shipped to the authors (the remnants are preserved in a vial). A ♀ paratype is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Maio 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♀ / ALLOTIPO (red label) / 104436 / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 ♀ M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border) / ♀ ” (MZSP). The specimen was originally double mounted (minuten attached to pin), but has been destroyed when shipped to the authors (the remnants are preserved in a vial). A paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / PARATIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangular piece of label paper) and is in good condition (abdomen broken posterior to T 2). Another paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♀ / PARATIPO (red label) / S.W. Bromley Collection 1955 / Shannomyioleptus fragilis n. sp. 44 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangular piece of label paper) and is in poor condition (antennae, right wing, most legs, and abdomen broken). Another paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / PARATIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black bor- der)” (MCZ). The specimen is directly mounted (glued laterally to pin) and is in fair condition. The ♀ holotype of Schildia zonae is labeled “ PANAMA C. Z. Piña Area 18 Nov 57 W.J. Hanson (date handwritten) / USU (red ink) / HOLOTYPE Schildia zonae Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label) / zonae (handwritten)” (EMUS). The specimen is doubled mounted (attached to paper point), and is in very good condition. The ♂ paratype of Schildia zonae is labeled “ PANAMA C. Z. Piña Area 18 Nov 57 W.J. Hanson (date handwritten) / USU (red ink) / ALLOTYPE Schildia zonae Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label)” (EMUS). The specimen is doubled mounted (attached to paper point) and is in good condition (T 5–8 glued to paper point). Specimens. Brazil: Paraná: 2♀ Morretes, 25°34’S 048°53’W, 10–13.iv.2002, M. Tavanes et al. (MZSP); British Guyana: 1? Essequibo R., Moraballi Creek, 12°15’S 070°54’W, 21.ix.1929, Oxford University Expedition (BMNH); Peru: Madre de Dios: 1♀ Manu (Erika near Salvacion), 12°15’S 070°54’W, 5–6.ix.1988, A.Freidberg (USNM). Distribution. Brazil, British Guyana, Panama, Peru (Fig. 38). Biodiversity hotspot/ high-biodiversity wilderness area: Cerrado, Mesoamerica/Amazonia (Fig. 38). Remarks. Schildia zonae, described from Panama, is here synonymized with S. fragilis as this species is here shown to be more widespread than initially thought by Martin (1975). Morphologically, the holotypes are indistinguishable and the male terminalia also provide evidence that the two described species are actually one taxon.Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on pages 268-271, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
Schildia fragilis
No full textSchildia fragilis (Carrera, 1944) (Figs 12, 31–34, 38) (Carrera, 1944: 88, 89) Schildia (Shannomyioleptus) fragilis (Hull 1962: 314). Schildia fragilis (Martin 1965: 114; Martin 1968b: 5; Martin 1975: 189; Artigas & Papavero 1988: 98, 102). Schildia zonae (Martin, 1975: 190, 192). syn.n. Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the wide face, the light brown to brown lateral postpronotal lobes, the long postocular setae, and the long presutural dorsocentral setae. Redescription. Head: Face silver pruinose, sometimes dorsal half apruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax light yellow, 2 setae; vertex wide, wider than face at clypeal–facial margin, silver pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin more than adjacent ommatidium; occiput laterally grey pruinose, median dorso-ventral stripe silver pruinose; postocular setae yellow, long; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light yellow, light yellow to light brown setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel light yellow proximally, light brown distally, silver pruinose, between 1.5–2 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, 1/4 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element. Th orax: Predominantly brown, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow to light brown; scutum brown, sometimes antero-laterally lighter brown, predominantly apruinose, lateral and posterior margins brown pruinose; presutural dc setae: 1 short, 1 intermediate, 1 long, postsutural dc setae: 3–5 short anteriorly oriented setae, 5–6 short acr setae, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum brown, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins, anteriorly and dorsally silver and remaining parts brown pruinose; anepimeron, proepimeron, katepisternum, katepimeron and meron+metanepisternum brown, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum anteriorly and antero-dorsally silver pruinose, posterodorsally brown pruinose, central area apruinose, meron+metanepisternum brown pruinose anteriorly, medially apruinose, posteriorly silver pruinose, metkatepisternum brown, silver pruinose; scutellum brown, silver pruinose, few very short apical scutellar setae; Legs: light yellow to light brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow; pro and mes femora light yellow with 2 transverse light brown bands, met femur mostly light yellow to light brown, clubbed in distal 1/3, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown macrosetae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 2 light brown transverse bands, met tibia brown with median yellow transverse band, about 2 times as long as width of tibia, all tibiae with yellow to light brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 2 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 2 apical macrosetae; tarsus light yellow to light brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2 following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; all empodia minute, sometimes met empodium 1/4 of median claw; median claw more than half as long as lateral claw; Wings (Fig. 12): length = 4.4–4.7 mm; few microtrichia, trichoid spicules short, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, about 18–20 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d small, terminating in M2 and M3, r-m situated proximal to separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C well proximal to R5 and M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length = 0.9 mm. Abdomen: Brown; T2 length = 2.7–3.0 mm, T2 with yellow transverse band medially, T2–3 with short, erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with lateral sensory areas (Fig. 34); Male terminalia (Figs 31–33): epandrial halves fused medially, distal tip straight, pointed; epandrium and hypandrium fused proximally, gonocoxite and hypandrium fused to form gonocoxite-hypandrial complex; Aedeagus: not protruding from hypopygium, very short, prong a wide tube; Female genitalia (see Figs 9and 10in Artigas and Papavero 1988) - spermathecae occupying only segment 8, individual spermathecal ducts long and coiled; spermathecal reservoirs not sclerotized, as wide as individual ducts, forming a coil. Type material. The ♂ holotype of Shannomyioleptus fragilis is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♂ / HOLOTIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 ♂ M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border) / 104435” (MZSP). The specimen was originally double mounted (attached to triangular label paper), but was destroyed when shipped to the authors (the remnants are preserved in a vial). A ♀ paratype is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Maio 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♀ / ALLOTIPO (red label) / 104436 / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 ♀ M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border) / ♀ ” (MZSP). The specimen was originally double mounted (minuten attached to pin), but has been destroyed when shipped to the authors (the remnants are preserved in a vial). A paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / PARATIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangular piece of label paper) and is in good condition (abdomen broken posterior to T 2). Another paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “ Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / ♀ / PARATIPO (red label) / S.W. Bromley Collection 1955 / Shannomyioleptus fragilis n. sp. 44 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black border)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangular piece of label paper) and is in poor condition (antennae, right wing, most legs, and abdomen broken). Another paratype of undeterminable gender is labeled “Serviço Febre Amarela M.E.S., Bras. / Maracaju Mato Grosso Brasil / Junho 1937 / PARATIPO (red label) / Shannomyioleptus fragilis Carrera, 1944 M. CARRERA DET. (species name and author handwritten, black bor- der)” (MCZ). The specimen is directly mounted (glued laterally to pin) and is in fair condition. The ♀ holotype of Schildia zonae is labeled “ PANAMA C. Z. Piña Area 18 Nov 57 W.J. Hanson (date handwritten) / USU (red ink) / HOLOTYPE Schildia zonae Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label) / zonae (handwritten)” (EMUS). The specimen is doubled mounted (attached to paper point), and is in very good condition. The ♂ paratype of Schildia zonae is labeled “ PANAMA C. Z. Piña Area 18 Nov 57 W.J. Hanson (date handwritten) / USU (red ink) / ALLOTYPE Schildia zonae Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label)” (EMUS). The specimen is doubled mounted (attached to paper point) and is in good condition (T 5–8 glued to paper point). Specimens. Brazil: Paraná: 2♀ Morretes, 25°34’S 048°53’W, 10–13.iv.2002, M. Tavanes et al. (MZSP); British Guyana: 1? Essequibo R., Moraballi Creek, 12°15’S 070°54’W, 21.ix.1929, Oxford University Expedition (BMNH); Peru: Madre de Dios: 1♀ Manu (Erika near Salvacion), 12°15’S 070°54’W, 5–6.ix.1988, A.Freidberg (USNM). Distribution. Brazil, British Guyana, Panama, Peru (Fig. 38). Biodiversity hotspot/ high-biodiversity wilderness area: Cerrado, Mesoamerica/Amazonia (Fig. 38). Remarks. Schildia zonae, described from Panama, is here synonymized with S. fragilis as this species is here shown to be more widespread than initially thought by Martin (1975). Morphologically, the holotypes are indistinguishable and the male terminalia also provide evidence that the two described species are actually one taxon.Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on pages 268-271, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
Schildia guatemalae Martin 1975
No full textSchildia guatemalae Martin, 1975 (Figs 19–21, 37) (Martin, 1975: 190, 191) Schildia sp. (Martin 1965: 114; Martin 1968b: 5). Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the five pairs of presutural dorsocentral setae, the minute empodia, the relatively long anteriorly oriented postsutural dorsocentral setae and the large apruinose spot on the katepisternum. Redescription. Head: Face grey pruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax white, 2 setae; vertex wide, wider than face at clypeal–facial margin, grey pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin more than adjacent ommatidium; occiput laterally brown pruinose, median dorsoventral stripe silver pruinose, ventro-laterally apruinose; postocular setae yellow; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light yellow, light yellow setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel proximally light yellow, brown distally, silver pruinose, about 1.5 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, 1/3 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element. Th orax: Predominantly brown, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow; scutum brown, predominantly apruinose, only extreme lateral and posterior margins silver pruinose; presutural dc setae: 2 short, 1 intermediate, 1 short, 1 long, postsutural dc setae: 4 anteriorly oriented setae as long as short presutural dc setae, 3–4 short acr setae, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum predominantly silver pruinose with brown pruinosity posteriorly, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins; anepimeron brown pruinose, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum with central apruinose spot, remaining parts brown pruinose, meron+metanepisternum brown pruinose anteriorly, apruinose medially, and silver pruinose posteriorly, metkatepisternum yellow, silver pruinose; scutellum brown, brown pruinose, 4 very short apical scutellar setae; Legs: light yellow to brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow; pro and mes femora light yellow with 2 transverse light brown bands, met femur mostly light brown, clubbed in distal 2/5, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown setae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 2 light brown transverse bands, met tibia brown with median yellow transverse band, as wide as width of tibia, all tibiae with brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 3 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 1 median and 2 apical macrosetae; tarsus light yellow to brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2 following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; all empodia minute; median claw more than half as long as lateral claw; Wings: length = 3.7 mm; microtrichia scattered on wing, trichoid spicules short, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, 20–25 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d large, terminating in M2 and M3, r-m situated proximal to separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C well proximal to R5 and M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length = 0.7 mm. Abdomen: Brown, T3-5 yellow anteriorly; T2 length = 2.3 mm, T2 with yellow transverse band medially, T2–3 with short, erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with lateral sensory areas; Male terminalia (Figs 19–21): epandrial halves fused medially, distal tip hook-shaped and arched ventrally, medio-distally with protuberance approximating cerci; epandrium and hypandrium fused proximally, gonocoxite and hypandrium fused to form a gonocoxite-hypandrial complex; Aedeagus: not protruding from hypopygium, very short, prong dorso-ventrally flattened; Female genitalia: ♀ unknown. Type material. The ♂ holotype is labeled “ Guazaeápan Guat. II-VIII-52 (handwritten) / R.H. Painter Col. / HOLOTYPE Schildia guatemalae Chas H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (minuten in cork) and is in very good condition. Distribution. Guatemala (Fig. 37). Biodiversity hotspot/high-biodiversity wilderness area: Mesoamerica/– (Fig. 37).Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on pages 273-274, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
Schildia jamaicensis Farr 1962
No full textSchildia jamaicensis Farr, 1962 (Figs 22–24, 37) (Farr, 1962: 191) (Farr 1963: 19; Martin 1965: 114, 115; Martin 1968b: 5; Martin 1975: 190) Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the medially broad face, the two lateral longitudinal yellowish stripes on the scutum, the white or light yellow postpronotal lobes, the silver pruinose median dorso-ventral stripe on the occiput, and the entirely yellow T6. Redescription. Head: Face silver pruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax light yellow, 2 setae; vertex wide, wider than face at clypeal–facial margin, silver pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin more than adjacent ommatidium; occiput silver pruinose along eye margin and median dorso-ventral stripe, remaining parts grey pruinose; postocular setae light brown, long; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light yellow, light yellow to light brown setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel light yellow proximally, light brown distally, silver pruinose, about 1.5 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, 1/5 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element. Th orax: Light brown and yellow, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow; scutum predominantly brown, antero-laterally yellow forming 2 thin lateral yellow stripes not reaching posterior margin, apruinose except for silver pruinose lateral and posterior margins; presutural dc setae: 1 or 2 short, 1 intermediate, 1 long, postsutural dc setae: 2 very short anteriorly oriented setae, 3 short acr setae, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum brown with yellow dorsal margins, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins, anteriorly and dorsally silver and remaining parts brown pruinose; anepimeron, proepimeron, katepisternum, katepimeron and meron+metanepisternum brown, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum anteriorly and antero-dorsally silver pruinose, postero-dorsally brown pruinose, central area apruinose, meron+metanepisternum brown pruinose anteriorly, medially apruinose, posteriorly silver pruinose, metkatepisternum light brown, silver pruinose; scutellum brown, silver pruinose, few very short apical scutellar setae; Legs: light yellow to light brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow; pro and mes femora light yellow with 2 transverse light brown bands, met femur mostly light brown, clubbed in distal 1/3, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown macrosetae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 2 light brown transverse bands, met tibia brown with median yellow transverse band, a little more than 2 times as long as width of tibia, all tibiae with yellow to light brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 2 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 2 apical macrosetae, 1 median sub-distal macroseta, 4 lateral macrosetae along tibia; tarsus light yellow to light brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2 following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; pro and mes empodia minute, met empodium 1/4 of median claw; median claw more than half as long as lateral claw; Wings: length = 3.2–4.6 mm; microtrichia scattered on wing, trichoid spicules short, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, about 12–20 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d small, terminating in M2 and M3, r-m situated proximal to separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C well proximal to R5 and M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length = 0.68–0.86 mm. Abdomen: Light yellow and brown; T2 length = 2.2–2.8 mm, T2 with yellow transverse band medially and light band sub-distally, T3–5 with yellow anterior margins, T6 entirely yellow, T2 with erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with lateral sensory areas; Male terminalia (Figs 22–24): epandrial halves fused medially; epandrium and hypandrium fused proximally; gonocoxite and hypandrium fused to form a gonocoxite-hypandrial complex; Aedeagus: not protruding from hypopygium, very short, prong dorsoventrally flattened; Female genitalia: spermathecae occupying only segment 8, individual spermathecal ducts long and coiled; spermathecal reservoirs not sclerotized, as wide as individual ducts, forming a coil. Type material. The ♂ holotype is labeled “ ♂ (handwritten) / blank paper label / HOLOTYPE Schildia jamaicensis T.H. Farr 1962 (handwritten, yellow label) / Jamaica W.I. St. Andrew Long Mountain 3 April 1960 T.H. Farr (date and collector handwritten)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangle of label paper) and is in very good condition. A ♀ paratype is labeled “ ALLOTYPE Schildia jamaicensis T.H. Farr 1962 (handwritten, blue label) / Jamaica W.I. St. Andrew Long Mountain 23 FEB. 1961 T.H. Farr (date and collector handwritten)” (USNM). The specimen is double mounted (attached to triangular label paper) and is in very good condition. A further 12 paratypes have all the same locality label with different collecting dates and these are here provided: 2♀ 25.viii.1957 (BMNH, USNM); 1♀ 29.ix.1957 (BMNH); 1♂ 9.iii.1960 (USNM); 1♂ 3.iv.1960 (FSCA); 1♀ 16.iv.1960 (FSCA); 1♂ 23.ii.1961 (FSCA); 1♂ 26.iii.1961 (BMNH); 1♂ 12.iii.1962 (USNM); 1♂ 18.iii.1962 (BMNH); 1♂ 30.iii.1962 (BMNH); 1♀ 15.iv.1962 (USNM). All paratypes in the BMNH bear a circular label with yellow margin ‘Paratype’ and handwritten label ‘1963-118’. Material examined. Jamaica: 3♂ 1? Kingston, 18°00’N 076°47’W, 10.iv.1968, C. Martin (FSCA), 6♀ 8♂ Long Mountain, 18°02’N 076°38’W, T. Farr (see type material above for dates of collection and depository). Distribution. Jamaica (Fig. 37). Biodiversity hotspot/high-biodiversity wilderness area: Caribbean Islands/– (Fig. 37). Remarks. This species is consistently caught in association with spider webs.Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on pages 274-276, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
Schildia alphus Martin 1975
No full textSchildia alphus Martin, 1975 (Fig. 38) (Martin, 1975: 190) Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from its congeners by the minute metathoracic empodia (never more than 1/4 as long as median claw), the anteriorly apruinose meron+metanepisternum, and the brown postocular setae. Redescription. Head: Face grey pruinose, wide, wider than adjacent ommatidium; mystax light yellow, 2 setae; vertex wide, wider than face at clypeal–facial margin, grey pruinose; occipital triangle apruinose, distance between triangle and median eye margin more than adjacent ommatidium; occiput along eye margin grey pruinose, medially brown pruinose, median dorso-ventral stripe silver pruinose, ventro-laterally apruinose; postocular setae brown; proboscis brown; Antennae: scape and pedicel light yellow, light yellow setae dorsally and ventrally; postpedicel proximally light yellow, brown distally, silver pruinose, about 2 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; stylus brown, about 1/2 as long as postpedicel, composed of 1 element. Th orax: Predominantly brown, parts silver and brown pruinose; antepronotum, postpronotum, and median postpronotal lobes silver pruinose; lateral postpronotal lobes apruinose, light yellow; scutum brown, predominantly apruinose, lateral and posterior margins silver pruinose; presutural dc setae: 2 short, 1 long, postsutural dc setae: 2 anteriorly oriented setae as long as short presutural dc setae, 5–6 short acr setae, 1 npl and 1 spa seta; anepisternum predominantly silver pruinose with brown pruinosity posteriorly, few yellow anepisternal setae on anterior and dorsal margins; anepimeron brown pruinose, proepimeron silver pruinose, katepisternum anteriorly silver and posteriorly brown pruinose, meron+metanepisternum anteriorly apruinose, silver pruinose posteriorly, metkatepisternum yellow, silver pruinose; scutellum brown, brown pruinose, few short apical scutellar setae; Legs: light yellow to brown; coxae and trochanters light yellow; pro and mes femora light yellow with 2 transverse light brown bands, met femur mostly light brown, clubbed in distal 2/5, club brown, yellow transverse band at proximal margin of club, scattered brown setae on pro and mes femora, met femur with distinct rows of brown macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae light yellow with 2 light brown transverse bands, met tibia brown with median yellow transverse band, slightly wider than width of tibia, all tibiae with brown erect macrosetae in rows, pro and mes tibiae with 3 long apical macrosetae, met tibia with 1 median and 2 apical macrosetae; tarsus light yellow to brown, proximal tarsomere always longer than 2following tarsomeres combined, short and long macrosetae on all tarsomeres; all empodia minute; median claw more than half as long as lateral claw; Wings: length = 3.40–3.65 mm; microtrichia scattered on wing, trichoid spicules short, symmetrical dorsally and ventrally, 16–24 on M1 between r-m and diversion of M1 and M2; cell d large, terminating in M2 and M3, r-m situated proximal to separation of M3 and CuA1; R1 reaching C well proximal to R5 and M1 joining C, R2+3 straight proximally and smoothly arching posteriad distally; halter light yellow, knob dark brown, length = 0.75 mm. Abdomen: Brown, T3-6 yellow anteriorly; T2 length = 2.3 mm, T2 with yellow transverse band medially, T2–3 with short, erect, evenly spaced macrosetae, remaining T with irregularly spaced and longer macrosetae, T7–8 with lateral sensory areas; Male terminalia: ♂ unknown; Female genitalia: spermathecae occupying only segment 8, individual spermathecal ducts long and coiled; spermathecal reservoirs not sclerotized, as wide as individual ducts, forming a coil. Type material. The ♀ holotype is labeled “ Sit. B. Vista Cascavel Ceará, VIII-39 (handwritten) / O.C. Alves Coll. (handwritten) / ♀ / HOLOTYPE Schildia alphus Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, red label)” (MZSP). The specimen is double mounted (minuten glued into block of cork) and is in good condition. The ♀ paratype is labeled “ Ceará Cascavel Shannon + Alves XII-940 (handwritten, black bor- der) / ♀ / PARATYPE Schildia alphus Chas. H. Martin (species name handwritten, yellow label) / Charles H. Martin donation to F.S.C.A.” (FSCA). The specimen is double mounted (minuten fixed to pin) and is in fair condition (left wing and metathoracic leg broken, abdomen glued to pin). Distribution. Brazil (Fig. 38). Remarks. Initially the holotype could not be found in the MZSP collection as indicated by Martin (1975), but was recovered in the FSCA among other Leptogastrinae type specimens. The FSCA purchased Charles H. Martin’s private collection after he passed away. The holotype was not collected in December 1940 as stated by Martin (1975) in his original description, but in August 1939 as clearly indicated on the label. This is the only Neotropical species found in xeric shrub lands and not in tropical or subtropical broad leafed forest.Published as part of Dikow, Torsten & Bayless, Keith M., 2009, Taxonomic revision of the genus Schildia Aldrich, 1923 (Diptera: Asilidae: Leptogastrinae) with the description of new extant and extinct species, pp. 253-289 in Insect Systematics & Evolution 40 on pages 265-266, DOI: 10.1163/187631209X458358, http://zenodo.org/record/397524
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