2,738 research outputs found
Book review : Restructuring the labour market by Guy Standing, John Sender & John Weeks, and Against the current by Jeremy Baskin
No full textReview of: Guy Standing, John Sender & John Weeks. Restructuring the labour market. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1996; Jeremy Baskin. Against the current. Johannesburg: Ravan Press, 199
James Bond: international man of gastronomy
No full textThis article is concerned with the representation of food and drink in Ian Fleming’s James Bond novels. In particular, it examines how the author uses Bond’s culinary knowledge and habits of consumption as an important constituent of his hero’s character. Similarly, the food choices of other characters, notably villains, are shown to be linked, by Fleming, to core aspects of their identity − principally their ethnicity. Bond’s impulse to observe and classify, very much in evidence in the novels’ food sequences, is examined in terms of the texts’ construction of Bond as a skilled identifier of signs
Interview with Jeremy King, March 15, 2010
No full textInterview Themes: What brought King to the field and how his approach to it has changed over time (00:33)
On King's work as transition from national to post-national history (06:00)
Alternative loci of identity formation besides nationalism (11:17)
How we should teach the next generation about nationalism (18:12)
Territorialization of nationhood in the 20C (25:33)
How knowledge of langauges affects research and findings (37:20)
How to deal with the conceptual disappearance/invisibility of East-Central Europe (44:02)
What is yet to be done in this field (53:38)Interview with Jeremy King, Associate Professor of History at Mount Holyoke College, conducted in Ithaca, NY on March 15, 2010. Professor King is the author of "Budweisers into Czechs and Germans: A Local History of Bohemian Politics, 1848-1948," published by Princeton University Press in 2002.1_yov93rq
CHEMICAL APPROACH FOR STUDYING LIPID TRAFFICKING AND INTERACTIONS WITH THE PROTEOME
No full text187 pagesCellular membranes are multifunctional supramolecular assemblies encapsulating our cells and the organelles within them. Chemistry has much to offer to the world of lipid biology in the form of precision tools for visualizing lipid localization and abundance, manipulating lipid composition, and decoding the various functions of lipids in cells. Herein, I first provide an overview in Chapter 1 of the recent efforts from the Baskin lab in this space focused on imaging and editing the phospholipidome, by exploiting the transphosphatidylation activity of phospholipase D (PLD) with exogenous clickable alcohols followed by bioorthogonal tagging to generated functional lipids. In Chapter 2, I harness PLD-transphosphatidylation and describe a chemoenzymatic approach for selective visualization of organelle compartments. Detailed analysis of the trafficking kinetics of both the fluorophore-tagged phospholipid analogs and their non-fluorescent, azide-containing precursors revealed that the latter exhibit time-dependent differences in organelle selectivity, suggesting their use as probes for visualizing intracellular lipid transport pathways. In Chapter 3, I focus on investigation of the interactome of a rare phospholipid, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). A photoaffinity labeling analog of NAPE enabled identification of CD147, CD44, and BZW2 as protein interactors of NAPE. E218 in CD147, key to recruitment of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), is required for photocrosslinking of the NAPE-based probe, implying that NAPE−CD147 interactions may be related to MCT functions. I then found that NAPE accumulation led to increased generation of reactive oxygen species, likely through clearance of lactate by MCTs. As well, heterodimerization of CD44 and BZW2 was found to be controlled by NAPE levels, suggesting potential roles for NAPE as a lipid-based molecular glue, and essential residues for this binding event were identified. Chapter 4 offers directions for extending the above findings, including local manipulation of enzymatic activity by the organelle-selective labeling strategy, and the utilization of split TurboID to elucidate the downstream effectors of a CD44–BZW2 complex.2027-01-0
IMAGING PHOSPHOLIPASE D ACTIVITIES IN LIVE CELLS WITH A REAL-TIME, BIOORTHOGONAL APPROACH AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO UNDERSTAND CELL SIGNALING AND PHOSPHOLIPID TRAFFICKING
No full text226 pagesLocalized production of signaling agents is an essential feature for living cells. Many of these signaling molecules are lipid entities. However, due to their hydrophobic nature and highly diverse cellular functions, certain potent, low-abundance lipids that act as signaling agents remain understudied with traditional biochemical techniques. Thus, the advancement of modern chemical biology tools represents a promising perspective to tackle these complex biological problems. Chapter 1 summarizes the challenges and recent advancement to study phospholipid signaling and discusses its relevance towards cell signaling and lipid trafficking. In Chapter 2, the author discusses the design, synthesis and characterization of a novel, bioorthogonal chemistry-based strategy, termed RT-IMPACT, to image the biosynthesis of a specific signaling lipid called phosphatidic acid (PA). With fast chemical kinetics and optimal enzyme specificity, PA produced by phospholipase D (PLD) enzyme activity can be visualized in living cells in real-time. The author further demonstrates that RT-IMPACT is capable of accurately reporting subcellular locations of PA production in response to different upstream stimuli. In Chapter 3, the author applies RT-IMPACT tools to investigate PTHR signaling that are previously underexplored. The author shows that PLD activation is specifically downstream of PTHR-Gq protein signaling. Moreover, the Gq signaling pathway, in stark contrast to the Gs pathway, is transient and localized on the plasma membrane as revealed by time-resolved imaging of PLD activities. Lastly, through inhibition of endocytic pathways, a competitive relationship between the Gq and Gs pathway is revealed. In Chapter 4, the author characterizes a family of lipid transfer proteins—ESyts—that are responsible for trafficking of unnatural fluorescent lipids from PM to ER. A positive correlation between the expression levels of ESyts and trafficking rates from PM to ER is established. Next, through protein engineering, lipid transfer activities of ESyts are shown to be directly responsible for removal of unnatural fluorescent lipids from the PM. In the final chapter, the author summarizes the major findings and significance of this work towards understanding of physiologically relevant pathways. Several potential future directions, including screening for potential upstream stimuli and identifying other lipid transfer proteins, are briefly described
A vindication of the Reasons and Defence, &c. Part 1. [electronic resource] : Being a reply to the first part of No sufficient reason for restoring some prayers and directions of King Edward Vi's first Liturgy. By the author of the Reasons and Defence.
No full textThe author of the Reasons = Jeremy Collier.Also issued as part of: 'A collection of tracts written by the late Reverend .. Jeremy Collier, ..', London, 1736.With a half-title.Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from British Library
IDENTIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF MODULAR GLUCOSIDES, A NEW FAMILY OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM C. ELEGANS
No full text465 pagesSmall molecules with highly diverse structures are produced by all animals and play essential functions in nearly all facets of their biology, including development, lifespan, reproduction, as well as interactions with other species. Identification of small molecule metabolites can reveal new biosynthetic and signaling pathways, with broad implications for medicine, human nutrition, but also agriculture. While great efforts over the past few decades have led to impressive discoveries in the field of metabolomics, the vast majority of metabolites still remain unknown and uncharacterized. Given the significance of metabolites and their biological functions, the development of new approaches toward a systematic structural and functional annotation of animal metabolomes is an important goal. In this dissertation, the author explores two highly conserved metabolic pathways with demonstrated relevance for human health and identifies diverse novel metabolites using the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a highly tractable model animal for biomedical research. Chapters 1–2 uncover new aspects of neurotransmitter metabolism of C. elegans, with a specific focus on serotonin metabolism. We uncovered a parallel pathway for serotonin biosynthesis and identified modular glucosides as novel down-stream metabolites of serotonin in C. elegans, and further investigated their biological activities. In chapter 3, the author investigates the metabolomes of C. elegans mitochondrial mutants, which revealed distinctive metabolic signatures in long-lived mutants, suggesting that amino acid metabolism and mitochondria-related longevity are linked. In chapter 4, the author developed selective synthetic strategies that allow to access structurally diverse modular glucosides, providing authentic samples for confirmation of proposed structures studying their biological functions
IDENTIFICATION OF SMALL MOLECULES THAT REGULATE NEMATODE – ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS
No full text173 pagesSupplemental file(s) description: Supplementary File 1.One of the central channels of nematode-environment interactions is through small molecules (non-polymeric chemical entities with a molecular mass <1000 Daltons). Nematodes release an abundance of small molecules which affect their environment, such as the ascarosides, di-deoxy sugar lipids which control the development and behavior of nematodes and other members of their environment. Through the advancement of high-resolution mass spectrometry and analysis software, we now find a wealth of other small molecules produced by nematodes which play key roles in their environmental interactions. Herein the author describes the integrated use of 2D NMR and high-resolution UHPLC-MS/MS to aid metabolomics of complex natural samples to characterize small molecules that regulate interactions between nematodes and their environment. Combining these analytical techniques with biological assay data, the author has characterized small molecules from nematodes which elicit defensive responses in other nematodes and affect microbial and nematode growth. The library of small molecules presented in this dissertation provide a new layer of structural diversity in nematodes and define a path forward in discovering other molecules of their kind. The novel small molecules shown in this thesis include - Branched chain sulfolipids (sufal/ac), molecules that cause defensive behavior in prey nematodes that appear to be linked to the development of the predator nematode’s mouth dimorphism. Cyclic sulfates (cysul), a class of metabolites unprecedented in nature, with possible epoxide precursors that suggest a straightforward biosynthetic pathway. The cyclic sulfates, unlike the branched chain sulfolipids, do not affect defensive behaviors in other nematodes, but may play a yet undiscovered role in a nematode’s interactions with its environment. Cyclopropyl lipids (cpfa), nematode derivatives of bacteriogenic metabolites which inhibit microbial growth in several species. The activity of these lipids was found to be stereochemically specific, suggesting that the effect on microbial growth may be through a signaling mechanism. Through these studies the author hopes to convey connections between small molecules created by nematodes with their environment and draw parallels with their potential effect on other organisms
Inorganic polymer fiber composites for protection of structures
No full textThe primary focus of this thesis is to demonstrate the suitability of an inorganic polymer composite for transportation structures. The three major themes are: field application, graffiti resistance, and evaluation of self-cleaning and de-pollution properties. Previous Studies have demonstrated the potential of the composite made of alumino-silicate polymer and carbon fibers for field applications. This thesis presents results of three field applications, evaluation of graffiti resistance including removal techniques and documentation for self-cleaning and de-pollution properties. For field application, pigment combinations were developed to match the colors of existing structures or to blend with the surrounding areas. Two field applications were done primarily by the author and the third one was completed with the help of daily laborers supplied by a contractor. In all three cases the applications were completed without encountering any technical problems. In the area of graffiti resistance, commercially available products are reviewed. After evaluation of various removal techniques the author recommends the use of citric-based cleaner with high pressure washer or high pressure water with baking soda. For self cleaning, both laboratory and filed tests were conducted. The results show that the coating effectively cleans organic pollutants and the results compare well with those reported for anatase Titanium Dioxide containing concrete and mortar. Performance in the field can be simulated in the laboratory by using UV lamps. The results of the de-pollution study also shows that the results are comparable to the results reported in the European PICADA study where they used concrete or concrete mortar containing Titanium Dioxide. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that the composite is ready for large scale field applications.M.S.Includes abstractIncludes bibliographical referencesby Jeremy Brownstei
Jeremy Waldron and the Philosopher\u27s Stone
No full textThe author considers Jeremy Waldron\u27s argument in favour of referring to, and on occasion perhaps even deferring to, foreign law. Waldron rests his argument on an analogy to how science works. The author argues this analogy is flawed. Indeed the author argues that Waldron\u27s position on this issue is inconsistent with his earlier writings on the undesirability of strong judicial review under an entrenched bill of rights
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