57 research outputs found
Sorbus domestica in Italy: Traditional Uses and Present Knowledge
No full textService tree (Sorbus domestica ) has been a quite popular fruit and wood plant in Italy, particularly in the warmer areas. Presently the species is neglected and there is a lack of information about diffusion and conditions of the old plants once cultivated. The exploration of study areas from the Emilia Romagna Appennines to the Sicilian Monti Nebrodi, started in order to acquire information on the state of conservation of plants and uses. In the northern area the plants are generally rare; a revival of fruit use is carried out in some villages, by the promotion of old and new processed products (liqueurs, jams). In Molise service tree is still maintained and the traditional uses of the fruit are well remembered, but not applied anymore; the survival of the plants relies more on the very traditional kind of agriculture. Sorbus domestica is still cultivated at the base of Monte Somma and Vesuvius, where it is a quite important component of old mixed orchards in fields traditionally and extensively cultivated or almost abandoned. The number of trees is declining, but is still higher than in the rest of Italy; the memory of varietal names is still preserved and some cultural practices (pruning, fertilization, soil management) are applied to the plants. In Campania and Sicily the commercial exploitation of the product takes place. The pomological characterization and the analysis of nutritional components of the fruits (soluble sugars, organic acids, polyphenols) at different stages of ripening has been carried out in order to find the knowledge basis of traditional uses and to understand the future potential of this fruit tree in unconventional models of fruit growing
Possible Impact of Migration on Food Habits and New Agricultural Opportunities of Host Places: The Case of Ukrainian Immigrants in Italy
No full textDuring the last years, the immigration of Ukrainians to Italy attained very high levels. The social structure and cultural level of the Ukrainian communities in Italy is not well defined. Italians are not still aware of their typical food habits. A preliminary comparison of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes and processed products used for food and medicinal purposes sold in markets and groceries in Ukrainian cities to the products imported to Italy revealed a unavoidable loss of variability in the offer of Ukrainian foods. A survey, based on a structured questionnaire has been submitted to representative samples of immigrants in order to have information on their dietary changes and on their desire of food tradition preservation. A parallel questionnaire submitted to the Italians was aimed at exploring their willingness of opening to traditional Ukrainian food consumption
Comparative morphological, anatomical, ecological and chemical studies on endemic Satureja parnassica subsp. sipylea from Turkey
No full textSatureja. parnassica Heldr.et Sart. subsp. sipylea P.H. Davis is a subspecies endemic to Turkey. The anatomical, morphological, ecological and chemical features of S. parnassica subsp. sipylea have been investigated. Plant samples were collected from different
regions in Turkey. The morphological features of various organs of the plant such as leaf and flower are described in detail. In anatomical studies, transverse sections of the plant stem and leaf have been examined and supported by illustration and photographs. Ecological studies provide information about the physical and chemical structure of soil types in Spil Mountain and Marmara Island. The chemical composition of the essential oil of aerial
parts of the plant was examined
Composition of essential oils of ten centaurea L. Taxa from Turkey
No full textEssential oils obtained by microdistillation from seven endemic Centaurea species [C. hierapolitana Boiss., C. cadmea Boiss., C. calolepis Boiss., C. cariensis Boiss. subsp. maculiceps (O. Schwarz) Wagenitz, C. cariensis Boiss. subsp. microlepis (Boiss.) Wagenitz, C. ensiformis P.H. Davis and C. reuterana Boiss. var. reuterana] and three widespread (C. cyanus L., C. depressa Bieb. and C. urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei) Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) taxa from Turkey were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques. A total of 158 different compounds were identified. Significant and quantitative differences were observed among the species. Hexadecanoic acid (19.5–33.4%) was the main constituent of C. hierapolitana, C. cadmea, C. calolepis, C. reuterana var. reuterana, C. depressa and C. urvillei subsp. urvillei oils, while carvacrol (13.0–28.4%) was the major compound in, C. cariensis subsp. microlepis, C. cariensis subsp. maculiceps, C. ensiformis and C. cyanus oils. © 2008, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved
THE ESSENTIAL OILS OF FOUR ENDEMIC SALVIA SPECIES IN TURKEY: S. DIVARICATA, S. ERIOPHORA, S. LONGIPEDICELLATA AND S. PILIFERA
No full textSalvia (Labiatae) is represented in Turkey by 94 taxa belonging to 89 species with 50 % endemism (1, 2). Water distilled essential oils from the aerial parts of four endemic species of Salvia from Turkey were analysed by GC and GC/MS. oil yield (%) and main components (%) were as follows: Salvia divaricata 0.87 1,8-cineole (34.4), linalyl acetate (10.3), Salvia eriophora 0.80 caryophyllene oxide (13.7), heptacosane (8.9), Salvia longipedicellata trace alpha-caryophyllene (47.9), alpha-humulene (11.5), Salvia pilifera 0.18 alpha-pinene (9.4), myrcene (5.3), ar-curcumene (5.1)
References: 1. Hedge, I.C., 1982, Salvia, Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands; Univ. Press: Edinburgh, P.H. Davis (Ed.), Vol.7, 400-461. 2. Ba?er, K.H.C. 2002. Aromatic Biodiversity Among the Flowering plant taxa of Turkey, Pure Appl.Chem., 74 (4):527-545
Composition of the Essential Oil of Endemic Centaurea paphlagonica (Bornm.) Wagenitz From Turkey
No full textThe essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from endemic Centaurea paphlagonica (Asteraceae) in Plumosipappus (Czerep.) Wagenitz,section from Turkey was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, simultaneously. Main constituents of the oil were found as hexadecanoic acid (28.9 %), dodecanoic acid (22.8 %) and caryophyllene oxide (9.2 %). Fatty acids were identified as the main constituent groups of the species
Determination of fatty acid and essential oil constituents and biological activities on ranunculus pedatus subsp. Pedatus
No full textIn this study, the fatty-acid profile, essential-oil composition and cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the aerial parts of Ranunculus pedatus Waldst. & Kit. subsp. pedatus have been examined. Linoleic acid (24.47 %) and palmitoleic acid (18.94 %) were identified as major components by GC-FID and GC/MS analysis. Unsaturated fatty acids were found in higher amounts than saturated fatty acids. The essential oil composition was also analyzed by GC and GC/MS and 29 components were characterized. Protoanemonin (14.3 %), phytol (13.7 %), ?-bisabolol (7.9 %), (Z)-3-hexenol (7.8 %) and octanol (6.7 %) were determined as the main constituents of the essential oil. Ethanol and chloroform extracts were investigated for the cytotoxic activity against PC3, HeLa and Vero human cancer cell lines and both of the extracts were found to be effective on HeLa. The IC50 values were determined as 47 and 78.4 mg/mL for methanol and chloroform extracts respectively. Antioxidant activity of chloroform and ethanol extracts were evaluated by DPPH assay. The total phenolics and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. The ethanol extract was found to possess 67.54 % DPPH inhibition. The results obtained in the antioxidant activity assay were in positive correlation with the total phenolics and flavonoid contents of the extracts
Chemical Composition of Leaf and Seed Oils of Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. (Dipterocarpaceae)
No full textThe essential oils of the leaves and seed of Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. obtained by hydrodistillation resulted in 0.07% and 1.89% yield, respectively. These oils were then examined by GC-MS. Eighty-three components (plus an unknown) were identified from the leaf oil, representing 92% of the oil. Oxygenated monocyclic monoterpenes (terpinen-4-ol 15%, α-terpineol 16%), bicyclic monoterpene (α-pinene 7%) and oxygenated bicyclic sesquiterpene (globulol 8%) were the major constituents. In the case of the seed oil, 31 components were identified, representing 100% of the oil, while acyclic monoterpene (myrcene 5%), monocyclic monoterpene (limonene 6%), bicyclic monoterpenes (α-pinene 41%, α-thujene and b-pinene 13% each, sabinene 6%), and bicyclic sesquiterpene (bicyclogermacrene 6%) made up the major components. The remaining constituents of each oil (54% and 10%, respectively) were found to be minor (≤4% each). The chemical compositions of both oils differed quantitatively but showed important qualitative similarities and differences. The results of this study serve as the first report of complete chemical profiles of both oils.</jats:p
Determination of aroma compounds in blackberry by GC/MS analysis
No full textThe aromatic composition of five blackberry cultivars (Bursa 2, Navaho, Nessy, Chester Thornless, and Jumbo) was studied. The Im-SPME (Immersion Solid Phase Micro Extraction) extraction technique was applied and the samples were analyzed by GC/MS. Furfural and its derivatives were found to be the major aromatic compounds and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural was the most abundant compound in all the blackberry varieties
The Essential Oil Constituents of Ranunculus marginatus d'Urv. var. trachycarpus (Fisch. & Mey.), From Turkey
No full textAbstract: The essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from Ranunculus marginatus var. trachycarpus (Ranunculaceae) from Turkey was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Thirty-six compounds were characterized in the oil of R. marginatus var. marginatus. Main compounds were ?-terpinyl acetate (18.9 %), phytol (11.1 %), hexadecanoic acid (10.0 %) and ß-sesquiphellandrene (8.7 %). © 2014, Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons
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