1,322 research outputs found
Communicating with terminal patients: Lessons from wit and students
No full text[No abstract available]Deloney LA, 2003, TEACH LEARN MED, V15, P247, DOI 10.1207-S15328015TLM1504_06; Ellershaw J, 2003, BRIT MED J, V326, P30, DOI 10.1136-bmj.326.7379.30; Garg A, 1997, CAN MED ASSOC J, V156, P1159; Kirk P, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P1343, DOI 10.1136-bmj.38103.423576.55; Lloyd-Williams M, 2003, BRIT MED J, V327, P221, DOI 10.1136-bmj.327.7408.221-b; Saab BR, 2005, FAM MED, V37, P9032
Senescence and pre-malignancy: How do tumors progress?
No full textCellular senescence is a tumor suppressor response that has been observed both in vitro and in vivo, and features of senescence have been documented in various human premalignant lesions, including melanoma, colon and lung adenoma, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and others. The fact that a subset of these lesions eventually progress to malignant invasive tumors suggests that premalignant cells can either bypass or escape the senescent response. Much work has been done to understand the mechanisms underlying such progression, but it remains unclear whether tumors progress by evasion of senescence induction, or by disruption of senescence maintenance, or whether both mechanisms can occur in human cancer development. This review presents the current evidence for mechanisms of senescence evasion and reversion, and discusses what has been learnt about this process using in vitro and in vivo experimental systems. As we learn more about the key signaling effectors of senescence, the hope is that appropriate targets will be identified for preservation and-or re-induction of senescence in human tumors. Such knowledge may also find application in better estimation of risks of cancer progression in individual premalignant lesions, which will lead to more accurate allocation of appropriate treatment options for such patients. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.Acosta JC, 2008, CELL, V133, P1006, DOI 10.1016-j.cell.2008.03.038; Bartkova J, 2006, NATURE, V444, P633, DOI 10.1038-nature05268; Beausejour CM, 2003, EMBO J, V22, P4212, DOI 10.1093-emboj-cdg417; Berman HK, 2010, CANCER PREV RES, V3, P579, DOI 10.1158-1940-6207.CAPR-10-0073; Bihani T, 2004, CELL CYCLE, V3, P1201; Braig M, 2005, NATURE, V436, P660, DOI 10.1038-nature03841; BRASH DE, 1991, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V88, P10124, DOI 10.1073-pnas.88.22.10124; BURCH HB, 1995, ENDOCRIN METAB CLIN, V24, P663; Busuttil RA, 2006, DNA REPAIR, V5, P52, DOI 10.1016-j.dnarep.2005.07.006; BUTTRAM VC, 1981, FERTIL STERIL, V36, P433; Campisi J, 2007, NAT REV MOL CELL BIO, V8, P729, DOI 10.1038-nrm2233; Campisi J, 2005, CELL, V120, P513, DOI 10.1016-j.cell.2005.02.003; 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Continuous improvement at Saab Aerosystems
No full textThe today’s high tech society with demands for new innovations and a cost effective work puts the companies to the test with many and complicated demands. To be a part of the evolution the companies have to establish good quality together with high profit. The global environment demands that companies work in line with total quality management and continuous improvements are a part of that. Saab has for a long time had one dominating product and one customer. The demands for continuous improvements has there for not been as notified as for today due to the monopoly situation. Along with new customers and new products, more and highly set demands for innovation and creativity becomes a reality to meet. The purpose of this thesis is to give suggestions to a work process which Saab Aerosystems can follow to increase the continuous improvements within the company. The author has interviewed employees at Saab Aerosystems for the purpose to get more knowledge about the work for improvements of today and what the visions are for future work. Interviews were also performed at two companies with no connection to Saab Aerosystems. The purpose was to investigate how the improvement work is managed and performed to if possible bring ideas to the work process. Based on the theoretical frame of reference and the interviews a work process was established on how Saab Aerosystems will have a well functioning continuous improvement process.Dagens högteknologiska samhälle med ständiga krav på nya innovationer och kostnadseffektivt arbete ställer stora krav på företag. För att följa med i utvecklingen måste företagen upprätta en god kvalitet i samband med hög lönsamhet. Den globala konkurrensen kräver att företagen arbetar med offensiv kvalitetsutveckling och som en del av det ingår ständiga förbättringar. Saab har länge haft en dominerande produkt och en kund. På grund av monopolsituation har kraven på att ständigt förbättras ej uppmärksammats på ett lika tydligt sätt som för dagens situation. I samband med nya kunder och nya produkter ställs högre krav på innovation och kreativitet att ständigt förbättras. Saab Aerosystems arbetar idag med ett verksamhetsutvecklingsprojekt som inkluderar ett antal delprojekt. Syftet med examensarbetet är att ta fram en handlingsplan för hur Saab Aerosystems ska få igång en självgående ändamålsenlig ständig förbättringsverksamhet. Författaren har intervjuat anställda på Saab Aerosystems för att få en bredare kunskap kring förbättringsverksamheten idag samt hur visionerna för hur framtida förbättringsarbete ska se ut och vidareutvecklas. Intervjuer utfördes även på två externa företag för att undersöka hur deras förbättringsarbete ter sig och för att om möjligt inhämta idéer till handlingsplanen. Utifrån den teoretiska referensramen och de interna och externa interjvuerna upprättades en handlingsplan för hur Saab Aerosystems ska få igång en ständig förbättringsverksamhet
Cellular Senescence: Many Roads, One Final Destination
No full textCellular senescence is a tumor-suppressor mechanism that has been shown to occur in response to multiple signals, including oncogenic stress, DNA damage, oxidative stress, telomere shortening, and other tumor-promoting insults. Over the past decade, much has been uncovered regarding the phenotype of this tumor-suppressor response and the underlying pathways necessary for its establishment. However, we have also learned that the intricate details of signaling pathways underlying senescence as a tumor-suppressor response are very much context dependent. In addition, cross-talk among pathways, and negative and positive feedback loops, all complicate our understanding of this process. This short review attempts to summarize what is known to date regarding senescence in tumor suppression, both in vitro and in vivo. Further insights into pathways necessary for senescence will hopefully identify appropriate targets for interventions to not only induce senescence as a treatment of cancerous lesions, but also to maintain this state in premalignant lesions in an effort to prevent progression to cancer
Software Requirements Division - An Interview Study at Saab AB, Electronic Defence Systems
No full textSoftware requirements are a crucial part of software development.
They are also part of the main reason why
projects fail. The previous research in the area of software
requirements has not been focused on the division of software
requirements. This paper presents an interview study
with such a focus. Five people working at Saab AB, Electronic
Defence Systems, Operations G oteborg (Saab EDS)
were interviewed about software requirements division and
how they conduct such divisions at Saab EDS. The respondents
answers were summarized and analysed. The analysis
showed that Saab EDS divide software requirements into
four levels; customer, system, subsystem and lower level.
The software requirements division are conducted through
group discussions. The basis of the division of software requirements
is indicated to be based upon expert knowledge
and that the software requirements division decisions are
people dependent. The improvement that Saab EDS can
proceed with, suggested by the paper author, is to take "software
requirements division decision"-notes to be able to keep
track of the reasoning behind the software requirements division
decision
Medical care: Elitismor social commitment?
No full text[No abstract available]Central Intelligence Agency, WORLD FACTBOOK; Hall JJ, 2003, MED J AUSTRALIA, V178, P17; UN (United Nations), WE CAN END POV 20150
Psychological distress among marginalized women in the outskirts of beirut: Determinants and association with health perception
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of psychological distress (PD) and its determinants in under-privileged women in the outskirts of Beirut, Lebanon. A cross-sectional survey of 1,869 ever-married women aged 15-59 was carried out. PD levels were determined using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (Appendix). Health status, living conditions, social support, and physical symptoms as reported by women were recorded. Logistic regression was used to test the independent effect of each variable on PD. 46.6percent of women had PD. Psychologically distressed women had more children, less education, lower income, less social support, an uncomfortable relationship with their husband, participated in the labor force and were more likely to reside in a predominantly Moslem community. Reporting a health or living problem were significant predictors of PD. The presence of limb, back and stomach pain, and headache were associated with PD. Compared to similar populations in other countries, our sample had a high prevalence of mental distress. © The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the New York Academy of Medicine. All rights reserved.Alegria M, 2000, ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT, V57, P383, DOI 10.1001-archpsyc.57.4.383; Ansseau M, 2004, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V78, P49, DOI 10.1016-S0165-0327(02)00219-7; CASTRO R, 1995, SOC SCI MED, V41, P1005, DOI 10.1016-0277-9536(94)00406-J; Chesney M A, 1995, Womens Health, V1, P3; COREY CLM, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P1833; ELRUFAIE OE, 1996, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V69, P662; Farmer MM, 1997, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V38, P298, DOI 10.2307-2955372; GILLIS LS, 1991, S AFR MED J, V79, P490; Goldberg D, 1988, US GUID GEN HLTH QUE; Goldberg D. P., 1978, MANUAL GEN HLTH QUES; Goldberg DP, 1997, PSYCHOL MED, V27, P191, DOI 10.1017-S0033291796004242; Hegarty K, 2004, BRIT MED J, V328, P621, DOI 10.1136-bmj.328.7440.621; HOTOPF M, 2001, J PSYCHOSOM RES, V50, P19; Jacob KS, 1997, PSYCHOL MED, V27, P1215, DOI 10.1017-S0033291796004436; Kessler D, 1999, BRIT MED J, V318, P436; Kind P, 1998, BRIT MED J, V316, P736; Krantz G, 1999, SCAND J PUBLIC HEALT, V27, P311, DOI 10.1177-14034948990270040501; KRAUSE N, 1987, GERONTOLOGIST, V27, P72; LAI G, 1995, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V36, P11, DOI 10.2307-2137285; LEVKOFF SE, 1987, J GERONTOL, V42, P114; Marmot MG, 1998, MILBANK Q, V76, P403, DOI 10.1111-1468-0009.00097; Marras WS, 2000, SPINE, V25, P3045, DOI 10.1097-00007632-200012010-00012; Maziak W, 2002, SOC SCI MED, V54, P1419, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(01)00123-X; MUMFORD DB, 2000, BRIT J PSYCHIAT, V177, P562; MURPHY M, 1989, BRIT MED J, V298, P331; Ritsner M, 2001, COMPR PSYCHIAT, V42, P151, DOI 10.1053-comp.2001.19750; Saab BR, 2003, SOC SCI MED, V57, P1249, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(02)00505-1; Schmitz N, 1999, ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND, V100, P462; SIMON RW, 1992, J HEALTH SOC BEHAV, V33, P25, DOI 10.2307-2136855; STEWART D, 1996, J WOMENS HEALTH, V7, P69; *UK DEP HLTH SOC S, 2001, ORE REP, pCH5; URSIN H, 1993, WORK STRESS, V7, P247, DOI 10.1080-02678379308257065; Weich S, 1998, BRIT MED J, V317, P115; Yip Y, 2001, J ADV NURS, V36, P409, DOI 10.1046-j.1365-2648.2001.01988.x52
A Culturally Sensitive Audiovisual Package to Teach Breaking Bad News in a Lebanese Setting
No full textDetainment and health: The case of the Lebanese hostages of war
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