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Text-fig. 16. a–d – examples of solving task on metapodial bones identifications from Table 13; e, f – ranges of arctoid and spelaeoid bears separated by Index of plumpness for mtc V and mtt V. Abbreviations of localities in text, Section "Materials and methods". in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 16. a–d – examples of solving task on metapodial bones identifications from Table 13; e, f – ranges of arctoid and spelaeoid bears separated by Index of plumpness for mtc V and mtt V. Abbreviations of localities in text, Section "Materials and methods".Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 35, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 9. a–c – scatterplots of mean length of mtt V and other measures (Bp – Dd); e, f – scatterplots of Index plumpness (ip) and GL in mtt V (e) and mtc I (f). a – U. arctos, d – U. deningeri, e – U. s. eremus, et – U. etruscus, i – U. k. ingressus, k – U. k. kanivetz, ku – U. k. kudarensis, l – U. s. ladinicus, pk – U. k. praekudarensis, r – U. rossicus, s – U. s. spelaeus, sa – U. savini. Dashed lines are lines of regressions, and ellipses' horizontal and vertical projections onto axes are equal to sample mean (centroid) ± highest value – lowest value × 0.95. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 9. a–c – scatterplots of mean length of mtt V and other measures (Bp – Dd); e, f – scatterplots of Index plumpness (ip) and GL in mtt V (e) and mtc I (f). a – U. arctos, d – U. deningeri, e – U. s. eremus, et – U. etruscus, i – U. k. ingressus, k – U. k. kanivetz, ku – U. k. kudarensis, l – U. s. ladinicus, pk – U. k. praekudarensis, r – U. rossicus, s – U. s. spelaeus, sa – U. savini. Dashed lines are lines of regressions, and ellipses' horizontal and vertical projections onto axes are equal to sample mean (centroid) ± highest value – lowest value × 0.95.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 25, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 1. Fifth metatarsal (mtt V) of Ursus rossicus (a) and U. kudarensis praekudarensis (b); dorsal views. a – ZIN 28601- 331, Kizel Cave, Urals; b – ZIN 37993-28, Kudaro 1 Cave (layer 5), Caucasus. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 1. Fifth metatarsal (mtt V) of Ursus rossicus (a) and U. kudarensis praekudarensis (b); dorsal views. a – ZIN 28601- 331, Kizel Cave, Urals; b – ZIN 37993-28, Kudaro 1 Cave (layer 5), Caucasus.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 8, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 8. Relationships between measures of mtc V (a) and mtt V (b) in males and females (single linkage method, metric – Pearson correlation). in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 8. Relationships between measures of mtc V (a) and mtt V (b) in males and females (single linkage method, metric – Pearson correlation).Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 23, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 3. Scheme of metapodial bones (mtt V) measurements in cave bears. Abbreviations: GL – greatest length, Bp – breadth of proximal end, Dp – depth of proximal end, SD – smallest breadth in medial part of diaphysis, Bd – depth of distal end, Dd – depth of distal end. Index of plumpness: ip = (Bd/GL)*100 (Withalm 2001). in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 3. Scheme of metapodial bones (mtt V) measurements in cave bears. Abbreviations: GL – greatest length, Bp – breadth of proximal end, Dp – depth of proximal end, SD – smallest breadth in medial part of diaphysis, Bd – depth of distal end, Dd – depth of distal end. Index of plumpness: ip = (Bd/GL)*100 (Withalm 2001).Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 9, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 18. Length of mtt III in U. k. kanivetz and U. k. ingressus from different European sites. "Odessa" – Nerubajskoe and Karantinnaya Balka. * – data were taken from literature: Loutra Arideas Bear Cave (Tsoukala et al. 2006), Urşilor Cave (Robu 2016), Križna jama (Withalm 2014), Divje babe I (Toškan 2007; Db-A sample), Nerubajskoe (Nagel et al. 2005). in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 18. Length of mtt III in U. k. kanivetz and U. k. ingressus from different European sites. "Odessa" – Nerubajskoe and Karantinnaya Balka. * – data were taken from literature: Loutra Arideas Bear Cave (Tsoukala et al. 2006), Urşilor Cave (Robu 2016), Križna jama (Withalm 2014), Divje babe I (Toškan 2007; Db-A sample), Nerubajskoe (Nagel et al. 2005).Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 39, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 13. Shape morphospaces reproduced variation of mtt V in males (a) and females (b) when U. arctos, U. etruscus, U. rossicus and U. savini were excluded (sample centroids are marked, except centroid of U. s. ladinicus). Ellipses' horizontal and vertical projections onto axes are equal to sample mean (centroid) ± highest value – lowest value × 0.95. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 13. Shape morphospaces reproduced variation of mtt V in males (a) and females (b) when U. arctos, U. etruscus, U. rossicus and U. savini were excluded (sample centroids are marked, except centroid of U. s. ladinicus). Ellipses' horizontal and vertical projections onto axes are equal to sample mean (centroid) ± highest value – lowest value × 0.95.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 31, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 11. Classifications of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces (a, c – males, b, d – females). a, b – UPGMA dendrograms (cophenetic correlations – 0.88, 0.95); c, d – Sattath-Tversky (Sattath and Tversky 1977) additive trees. All classifications based on coordinates of joint samples of centroids of mtc V in size and shape morphospaces (Text-fig. 10); numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports>50%. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 11. Classifications of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces (a, c – males, b, d – females). a, b – UPGMA dendrograms (cophenetic correlations – 0.88, 0.95); c, d – Sattath-Tversky (Sattath and Tversky 1977) additive trees. All classifications based on coordinates of joint samples of centroids of mtc V in size and shape morphospaces (Text-fig. 10); numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports>50%.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 29, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 14. Classifications of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces (a, c – males, b, d – females). a, b – UPGMA dendrograms (cophenetic correlations – 0.89, 0.85); c, d – Sattath-Tversky (Sattath and Tversky 1977) additive trees. All classifications based on coordinates of joint samples of centroids of mtt V in size and shape morphospaces. Numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports>50%. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 14. Classifications of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces (a, c – males, b, d – females). a, b – UPGMA dendrograms (cophenetic correlations – 0.89, 0.85); c, d – Sattath-Tversky (Sattath and Tversky 1977) additive trees. All classifications based on coordinates of joint samples of centroids of mtt V in size and shape morphospaces. Numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports>50%.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 32, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
Text-fig. 15. Consensus Bayes trees of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces. a – males, mtt III, IVs; b – female, mtt II, IV, and V; c – males and females together (mtt II – V). Numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports> 50%. in Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
No full textText-fig. 15. Consensus Bayes trees of centroids of bear samples in morphospaces. a – males, mtt III, IVs; b – female, mtt II, IV, and V; c – males and females together (mtt II – V). Numbers near nodes – bootstrap (1000 repeats) supports> 50%.Published as part of Baryshnikov, Gennady F. & Puzachenko, Andrey Yu., 2017, Morphometric Analysis Of Metacarpal And Metatarsal Bones Of Cave Bears (Carnivora, Ursidae), pp. 7-47 in Fossil Imprint 73 (1-2) on page 33, DOI: 10.2478/if-2017-0001, http://zenodo.org/record/458627
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