3,622 research outputs found
Database for: Excavations at Tall Jawa, Jordan: Volume 3, The Iron Age Pottery
No full textThis is a Microsoft Access database of imagery, drawings, and photos accompanying Excavations at Tall Jawa, Jordan: Volume 3, The Iron Age Pottery by P.M. Michèle Daviau. The text and database present a detailed typology of the Iron Age pottery excavated from 1989 to 1995. Together, they represent an in-depth analysis of the forming techniques employed to make each type of vessel from bowls to colanders, cooking pots to pithoi.
The digital archive is a work in progress by the author. The archive currently holds the collection for Excavation Field D. Upon completion, it will include seven collections, each one consisting of a database of diagnostic sherds and vessels as well as the images of these pots as .tiff files. Databases are related to excavation fields and are designed for meaningful searches: A, B, C-east, C-west, A-east (associated with C-west), D and E
Information generation and processing systems that regulate periodontal structure and function
No full textArticle first published online: 11 AUG 2013The periodontium is a very dynamic organ that responds rapidly to mechanical and chemical stimuli. It is very complex in that it is composed of two hard tissues (cementum and bone) and two soft connective tissues (periodontal ligament and gingiva). Together these tissues are defined by the molecules expressed by the resident periodontal cells in each compartment and this determines not only the structure and function of the periodontium but also how it responds to infection and inflammation. The biological activity of these molecules is tightly regulated in time and space to preserve tissue homeostasis, influence inflammatory responses and participate in tissue regeneration. In this issue of Periodontology 2000 we explore new experimental approaches and data sets which help to understand the molecules and cells that regulate tissue form and structure in health, disease and regeneration.P. Mark Bartold and Christopher A. McCulloc
Periodontitis: a host-mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. Unlearning learned concepts
No full textArticle first published online: 11 APR 2013New concepts evolve when existing ones fail to address known factors adequately or are invalidated by new evidence. For decades periodontitis has been considered to be caused by specific bacteria or groups of bacteria and, accordingly, treatment protocols have largely been based on anti-infective therapies. However, close inspection of current data leads one to question whether these bacteria are the cause or the result of periodontitis. Good evidence is emerging to suggest that it is indeed the host response to oral bacteria that leads to the tissue changes noted in gingivitis. These changes lead to an altered subgingival environment that favors the emergence of 'periodontal pathogens' and the subsequent development of periodontitis if the genetic and external environmental conditions are favorable for disease development. Thus, it seems that it is indeed the initial early host-inflammatory and immune responses occurring during the development of gingivitis, and not specific bacteria or their so-called virulence factors, which determine whether periodontitis develops and progresses. In this review we consider these concepts and their potential to change the way in which we view and manage the inflammatory periodontal diseases.P. Mark Bartold and Thomas E. Van Dyk
Current Trends in Periodontal Diagnosis Disease Recognition and Management : [ Proceedings of the 5th Asian Pacific Society of Periodontology Meeting, Cebu, The Philippines 2003]
No full textedited by P. Mark Bartold, Isao Ishikawa, Nannette Vergel de Dios.Ch.1. High Risk Individuals for Periodontitis & Their Genetic Markers / J. Zhang -- Ch.2. Current Trends in Periodontal Diagnosis & Disease Recognition in Malaysia / T.B. Taiyeb Ali -- Ch.3. Current Trends in Disease Recognition & Diagnosis: A Perspective From India / N. Surathu -- Ch.4. The Diagnosis of Periodontal Diseases in the Periodontal Clinic, Dental Hospital, University of Indonesia / Y. Syafril -- Ch.5. Current Trends in Periodontal Diagnosis & Disease Recognition: A Perspective from the USA / L.L. Cabanilla -- Ch.6. Periodontal Disease Risk Management: Smoking, The Patient Controlled Modifiable Risk / R.I. Marshall -- Ch.7. The Taming of the Host: Host Modulation in Periodontitis / F.B. Mercado -- Ch.8. Treatment Strategies in Periodontal Disease Management in Korea / H.J. Chung, S-H. Son -- Ch.9. Periodontal Risk Assessment & Prognosis: Current Status & Future Development: A Perspective From Hong Kong / E.F. Corbet, L.J. Jin -- Ch.10. Systemic Diseases & Periodontal Pathogens / I. Ishikawa, M. Umeda -- Ch.11. Trends in Periodontal Repair & Regeneration / P.M. Bartol
Stem cells and periodontal regeneration
No full textPeriodontitis is an inflammatory disease which manifests clinically as loss of supporting periodontal tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. For decades periodontists have sought ways to repair the damage which occurs during periodontitis. This has included the use of a range of surgical procedures, the use of a variety of grafting materials and growth factors, and the use of barrier membranes. To date periodontal regeneration is considered to be biologically possible but clinically unpredictable. Recently, reports have begun to emerge demonstrating that populations of adult stem cells reside in the periodontal ligament of humans and other animals. This opens the way for new cell-based therapies for periodontal regeneration. For this to become a reality a thorough understanding of adult human stem cells is needed. This review provides an overview of adult human stem cells and their potential use in periodontal regeneration.Lin N.H, Gronthos S and Bartold P.M
An appraisal of the role of specific bacteria in the initial pathogenesis of periodontitis
No full textBACKGROUND:Historically, inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) have been recognized as being primarily of bacterial origin. Bacteria are necessary for disease development, but the presence of specific bacteria does not guarantee progression to periodontitis. Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease; specific bacteria are associated with disease, but may not be the target of treatment. Gingivitis and periodontitis are inflammatory conditions associated with bacterial overgrowth. AIM:To analyse evidence for established thought that specific bacteria directly participate in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and question the long-held tenet that penetration of the periodontal connective tissues by bacteria and their products is a significant phase in the initial development of periodontitis. METHODS:The literature was searched for studies on initiation of gingivitis and periodontitis by specific pathogens. The search results were insufficient for a systematic review and have been summarized in a commentary instead. RESULTS:There is very little evidence in the literature to support the commonly held concept that specific bacteria initiate periodontitis. CONCLUSION:We present evidence for a paradigm supporting the central role of inflammation, rather than specific microbiota, in the early pathogenesis of periodontitis, and discuss whether controlling the inflammation can influence the character and composition of the periodontal infection.Peter Mark Bartold, Thomas E. Van Dyk
Modulating effect of serum on the stimulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 production in human gingival fibroblasts by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1beta
No full textCopyright © 2004 Journal of the International Academy of PeriodontologyObjectivePlasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2) is an important counter proteolysis factor which helps protect tissues from inflammatory stress. The expression of PAI-2 can be modulated by various inflammatory stimulants and mediators. The aim of the present study was to investigate how serum factors, might modulate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-1beta on PAI-2 production by human gingival fibroblasts.MethodsHuman gingival fibroblasts were exposed to LPS derived from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans or Escherichia coli and a commercial source of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). The expression of PAI-2 and its mRNA was monitored by Western blotting, RT-PCR, and Northern blotting.ResultsThe results showed that the distribution of PAI-2 synthesised by human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) was mostly as an intracellular protein (47kDa). The presence of serum in the culture media was absolutely necessary for both the secretion of PAI-2 and for the effect of the inflammatory mediators (LPS and IL-1beta). A pattern of PAI-2 response in HGF after LPS stimulation was detected with a quick up-regulation of the PAI-2 mRNA, which was down regulated when extracellular PAI-2 (60kDa mass) levels reached plateau levels. The synthesis of PAI-2 by HGF, in terms of mRNA expression and protein synthesis, was more sensitive to stimulation with lower concentrations of LPS (10 ng/ml) than with higher LPS concentrations.ConclusionsPAI-2 is a serum dependent molecule with major cytosolic localisation in HGF. Its cellular accumulation and secretion can be modulated by bacterial LPS and IL-1beta through serum factors.Y. Xiao and P.M. Bartol
Multiphasic scaffolds for periodontal tissue engineering
No full textFor a successful clinical outcome, periodontal regeneration requires the coordinated response of multiple soft and hard tissues (periodontal ligament, gingiva, cementum, and bone) during the wound-healing process. Tissue-engineered constructs for regeneration of the periodontium must be of a complex 3-dimensional shape and adequate size and demonstrate biomechanical stability over time. A critical requirement is the ability to promote the formation of functional periodontal attachment between regenerated alveolar bone, and newly formed cementum on the root surface. This review outlines the current advances in multiphasic scaffold fabrication and how these scaffolds can be combined with cell- and growth factor-based approaches to form tissue-engineered constructs capable of recapitulating the complex temporal and spatial wound-healing events that will lead to predictable periodontal regeneration. This can be achieved through a variety of approaches, with promising strategies characterized by the use of scaffolds that can deliver and stabilize cells capable of cementogenesis onto the root surface, provide biomechanical cues that encourage perpendicular alignment of periodontal fibers to the root surface, and provide osteogenic cues and appropriate space to facilitate bone regeneration. Progress on the development of multiphasic constructs for periodontal tissue engineering is in the early stages of development, and these constructs need to be tested in large animal models and, ultimately, human clinical trials.S. Ivanovski, C. Vaquette, S. Gronthos, D.W. Hutmacher, and P.M. Bartol
Longitudinal assessment of changes in enamel mineral in vivo using laser fluorescence
No full text[Extract] This study aimed to identify the staining potential of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride (AFP) foam on restorative materials in vitro
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