123,974 research outputs found
Tight Approximation Guarantees for Concave Coverage Problems
No full textIn the maximum coverage problem, we are given subsets T_1, …, T_m of a universe [n] along with an integer k and the objective is to find a subset S ⊆ [m] of size k that maximizes C(S) : = |⋃_{i ∈ S} T_i|. It is a classic result that the greedy algorithm for this problem achieves an optimal approximation ratio of 1-e^{-1}.
In this work we consider a generalization of this problem wherein an element a can contribute by an amount that depends on the number of times it is covered. Given a concave, nondecreasing function φ, we define C^{φ}(S) := ∑_{a ∈ [n]}w_aφ(|S|_a), where |S|_a = |{i ∈ S : a ∈ T_i}|. The standard maximum coverage problem corresponds to taking φ(j) = min{j,1}. For any such φ, we provide an efficient algorithm that achieves an approximation ratio equal to the Poisson concavity ratio of φ, defined by α_{φ} : = min_{x ∈ ℕ^*} [φ(Poi(x))] / φ([Poi(x)]). Complementing this approximation guarantee, we establish a matching NP-hardness result when φ grows in a sublinear way.
As special cases, we improve the result of [Siddharth Barman et al., 2020] about maximum multi-coverage, that was based on the unique games conjecture, and we recover the result of [Szymon Dudycz et al., 2020] on multi-winner approval-based voting for geometrically dominant rules. Our result goes beyond these special cases and we illustrate it with applications to distributed resource allocation problems, welfare maximization problems and approval-based voting for general rules
Bassozetus nasus Barman 1899
No full textBassozetus nasus Barman, 1899. To 46.5 cm (19.0 in) SL (Nielsen and Merrett 2000). Central California (34°50’N, 123°00’W) to Central America, and to near Hawai’i (Priede et al. 2019). Depth: 2,068 –5,000 m (6,783 –16,400 ft) (min.: Nielsen and Merrett 2000; max.: Priede et al. 2019).Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/557800
Multidrug resistant tuberculosis
No full textOur objectives was to measure the serum zinc level in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
(MDRTB) patients and explore its association with different predictors of MDRTB in comparison with drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DSTB). We recruited 107 MDRTB and 87 DSTB patients from the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka, in our study. We have used laboratory data on drug resistance patterns of these patients through the line probe assay. About 5 ml overnight fasting blood was collected from each patient to measure serum zinc level through the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Multivariate logistic regression in forward LR method was employed to measure the associated factors of MDRTB.
Of them, serum zinc level was found significantly lower in MDRTB patients than DSTB (mean value, 65.1 µg/dl vs. 72.8 µg/dl, p-value<0.001). Younger age (Odds ratio [OR], 0.974; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.951 – 0.997), female gender (OR, 3.480; 95% CI, 1.519-7.972), BCG unvaccinated individuals (OR, 4.814; 95% CI, 2.228-10.400) and reduced level of serum zinc (OR, 0.955; 95% CI, 0.928 – 0.983) were found as the significant predictors for MDRTB
Green synthesis of magnetic bio-MOFs for combined cancer therapy via magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery
No full textUn groupe oublié : les étudiantes-ouvrières chinoises en France
No full textBarman Geneviève, Dulioust Nicole. Un groupe oublié : les étudiantes-ouvrières chinoises en France. In: Études chinoises, vol. 6, n°2, Automne 1987. pp. 9-46
Presence of vasomotor and respiratory rhythms in the discharge of single medullary neurons involved in the regulation of cardiovascular system
No full textWe analyzed the discharges of 77 single neurons located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM, n = 25), caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM, n = 18), lateral tegmental field (LTF, n = 19) and caudal raphe nuclei (n = 15). These recordings were made from 36 vagotomized and sinoaortic denervated cats that were either decerebrate (n = 27) or anesthetized with urethane (n = 9) and from 3 decerebrate cats with intact sinoartic and vagal nerves. These neurons were classified as sympathetic-related (n = 61) if spike triggered averaging showed that their naturally occurring discharges were correlated to either the cardiac related (2-6 Hz) or a faster (10 Hz) oscillation in inferior cardiac sympathetic nerve discharge. Neurons were classified as sympathetic-unrelated (n = 16) if they lacked these characteristics. We used autoregressive spectral techniques to detect additional slower oscillations hidden in the variability of neuronal discharge and possibly correlated to the oscillations of systolic arterial pressure (SAP). This analysis revealed the existence of a low frequency (LF) oscillation (0.12 +/- 0.02 Hz) in the discharges of 36 sympathetic-related and 9 sympathetic-unrelated neurons. In relation to 35 neurons in 21 animals there was also an LF component in SAP variability. In 29 instances the LF neuronal discharges and SAP variabilities were significantly correlated. In addition, there was a high frequency (HF) oscillation (0.34 +/- 0.06 Hz) in the discharges of 59 medullary neurons. In 56 cases the HF in neuronal discharge variability cohered to that in SAP variability. These data are the first to demonstrate the existence of an LF component in the discharges of individual medullary neurons, at least some of which were likely to be involved in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. Since these oscillations were evident in cats with section of sinoaortic and vagal nerves, they likely reflect central rhythmogenic properties
Evidenza di un ritmo a bassa frequenza nella scarica di singoli neuroni del tronco encefalico coinvolti nella regolazione del sistema cardiovascolare
No full textWe recorded discharge activity of 45 single neurons located in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (n = 21), lateral tegmental field (n = 10) and caudal raphe (n = 14) nuclei in baroreceptor-denervated decerebrate cats (n = 27). Autoregressive spectral analysis was performed on neuronal activity and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The discharges of the recorded neurons were correlated to 2- to 6 Hz oscillations or 10 Hz rhythm present in sympathetic neural discharge. A low frequency (LF) oscillation (0.12 +/- 0.02 Hz) was observed in 25 (55%) units. The same rhythmicity was found in SAP variability in 25 of 45 (55%) recordings. In 21 of these cases the LF in SAP variability was highly correlated to LF in neural activity. Moreover, 32 out of 45 (71%) neurons showed a higher rhythm (HF; 0.34 +/- 0.06 Hz) related to the ventilation rate. These data demonstrate the presence of an LF oscillation in the discharge of single medullary neurons, involved in the regulation of cardiovascular system. This LF component was similar to that detectable in the spectral analysis of SAP variability, thus supporting the hypothesis of a central origin of this rhythm, largely independent of baroreceptor input
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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