112 research outputs found
El debate acerca del origen de la Gran Recesión de Estados Unidos
Get PDFThis article analyzes the debate over the origins of the Great Recession in the United States. The author analyzes three perspectives: the first is the position spearheaded by John B. Taylor, who proposes the Great Deviation. The second is that of Alan Greenspan, Donald L. Khon, Ben S. Bernanke, Frederic S. Mishkin, and Lars E. O. Svensson, who attribute the crisis to a global imbalance between savings and investment. The third is the point of view of Robert Hetzel, Anna Schwartz, and Alan Meltzer, well-known inheritors of the monetarist tradition, who all accuse the authorities of having provoked the crisis and implemented the wrong responses. In conclusion, the author presents the opinion of two Nobel Prize winners in economics, Paul Krugman and Joseph Stiglitz.Este artículo analiza el debate que existe en torno de los orígenes de la Gran Recesión de Estados Unidos. El autor aborda tres perspectivas: la primera es la posición encabezada por John B. Taylor, quien habla acerca de una “Gran Desviación”. La segunda es la que proponen Alan Greenspan, Donald L. Khon, Ben S. Bernanke, Frederic S. Mishkin y Lars E. O. Svensson, quienes atribuyen la crisis a un desequilibrio global entre ahorro e inversión. Y la tercera se refiere al punto de vista de Robert Hetzel, Anna Schwartz, and Alan Meltzer, conocidos herederos de la tradición monetarista, quienes acusan a las autoridades de haber provocado la crisis e implementar soluciones erróneas. Para concluir, el autor presenta la opinión de dos premios Nobel en Economía: Paul Krugman y Joseph Stiglitz
Poverty, inequality, and social policy in transition economies
Get PDFIn examining what happens to poverty and income inequality during the early period of transition to a market economy, the author covers the period up to 1993. His analysis includes almost all transition economies that were not affected by wars, blockades, or embargoes. (In economies so affected, the intrinsic issues of transition are overshadowed by more basic issues of war or quasi-war economy and survival). The two key issues of social policy in transition economies are pension reform and better targeting of social assistance. Pensions represent 70 to 80 percent of cash social expenditures. No reduction of current levels of social spending (which is unsustainable) can be envisaged without pension reform. Better targeting of social assistance is needed because many universally or enterprise-provided benefits have been terminated, poverty has increased, and social programs lack funding. If poverty is on the rise and money is scarce, better targeting is the only option.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Services&Transfers to Poor,Environmental Economics&Policies,Public Health Promotion,Poverty Impact Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Safety Nets and Transfers,Services&Transfers to Poor,Rural Poverty Reduction,Health Monitoring&Evaluation
The Debate over the Origin of the Great Recession in the United States
No full textThis article analyzes the debate over the origins of the Great Recession in the United States. The author analyzes three perspectives: the first is the position spearheaded by John B. Taylor, who proposes the Great Deviation. The second is that of Alan Greenspan, Donald L. Khon, Ben S. Bernanke, Frederic S. Mishkin, and Lars E. O. Svensson, who attribute the crisis to a global imbalance between savings and investment. The third is the point of view of Robert Hetzel, Anna Schwartz, and Alan Meltzer, well-known inheritors of the monetarist tradition, who all accuse the authorities of having provoked the crisis and implemented the wrong responses. In conclusion, the author presents the opinion of two Nobel Prize winners in economics, Paul Krugman and Joseph Stiglitz.Este artículo analiza el debate que existe en torno de los orígenes de la Gran Recesión de Estados Unidos. El autor aborda tres perspectivas: la primera es la posición encabezada por John B. Taylor, quien habla acerca de una “Gran Desviación”. La segunda es la que proponen Alan Greenspan, Donald L. Khon, Ben S. Bernanke, Frederic S. Mishkin y Lars E. O. Svensson, quienes atribuyen la crisis a un desequilibrio global entre ahorros e inversión. Y la tercera se refiere al punto de vista de Robert Hetzel, Anna Schwartz, and Alan Meltzer, conocidos herederos de la tradición monetarista, quienes acusan a las autoridades de haber provocado la crisis e implementar soluciones erróneas. Para concluir, el autor presenta la opinión de dos premios Nobel en Economía: Paul Krugman y Joseph Stiglitz
The virtual image : Brazilian literature in English translation
Get PDFThe
aim of this thesis is to
examine
how the virtual
image
of Brazil
and
its literature is
constructed
in the Anglo-American world. To this
end, a survey of
Brazilian literary
works
in English translation was
carried out.
Having
gathered this data, it became
possible to establish
correlations
between the historical
moments when such translations
were made, when their number
increased,
and the events occurring at
those times in the international
panorama, as well as to look into the
role of sponsors, publishers and translators in the
selection and
production of such translations.
The data
also allowed a profile of
Brazilian literary
works
in
English translation to be drawn. It became
possible to suggest that
such works
fall into four
main categories:
`authorial
works',
'topical
works',
`ambassadorial
works'
and `consumer-oriented
works'.
In
order
to look
more closely
into how the translation process
has helped to
shape
the
virtual
image
of Brazilian literary
works
in
the Anglo-American world, an analysis of a sample of
translations
of
such works was made. Included in this
sample were
the translations
of works
by Machado de Asis, by Indianist
and
Regionalist
wirters,
culminating
in
an examination of translations of
GuimarAes Rosa's
works.
Having looked
at these aspects of
the translation
process, what
remained
to be done
was to investigate
to what extent
Brazilian
literary
works
in English translation
are read
by the English-
speaking public.
To this
end, a survey of availability and
library
readership was undertaken. Finally,
a reading experiment was carried
out
in
which native speakers of
English
were asked to read the short
story
'A terceira
margem
do
rio',
by GuimarAes Rosa.
The
conclusion attempts to pull all these threads together and
to indicate directions for further
research
The Political Economy of Textbook Writing: Paul Samuelson and the making of the first ten Editions of Economics (1945-1976)
Get PDFOver the past two decades, numerous contributions to the history of economics have tried to assess Paul Samuelson’s political positioning by tracing it in the subsequent editions of his famous textbook Economics. This literature, however, has provided no consensus about the location of Samuelson’s political ideas. While some authors believe that Samuelson has always had inclinations toward interventionism, others conclude that he more often acted as a pro-business advocate. The purpose of this paper is not to argue for one of these two interpretations but to depict the making of Economics itself as a political process. By ‘political’ it is not meant the conduct of party politics but the many political elements that a textbook author has to take into account if he wants to be published and favorably received. I argue that the “middle of the road” stance that Samuelson adopted in the book was consciously constructed by the MIT economist, with the help of his home institution and his publishing company, McGraw-Hill, to ensure both academic freedom and the success of the book. The reason for which the stance developed is related to pre-McCarthyist right-wing criticisms of the textbook and how Samuelson and the MIT department had to endure the pressures from members of the Corporation (MIT’s Board of Trustees), who tried to prevent the publication of the textbook and threatened Samuelson’s tenure at MIT as soon as 1947 – when early manuscripts were circulated. As a result, it was decided in accordance with both the Corporation and McGraw-Hill that the Readings volume would be published to balance conflicting ideas about state intervention. Following these early criticisms, the making of the subsequent editions relied on a network of instructors and referees all over the US in order to make it as successful and consensual as possible. This seemed to work quite well in the 1950s and for a good portion of the 1960s, until Economics became victim of its own success and was seen, in an ironical twist of fate, as a right wing text by younger, radical economists. From now on, Samuelson will try to have his book sent as often as possible to the radicals for referring process, with mixed results. Eventually, the book became criticized from both its left and its right.Paul Samuelson, Economics, Textbook, Politics, Economic Education
Education and earnings inequality in Mexico
Get PDFEducation attainment levels increased dramatically for Mexico's labor force in the 1980s and early 1990s. In parallel, the country experienced a pronounced increase in earnings inequality from 1984-94, reflected in a higher dispersion of wages and an absolute decline in the real incomes of less educated, poorer Mexicans. This increased wage dispersion presents policymakers with a tradeoff between efficiency considerations (favoring increased spending on higher education) and equity considerations (favoring a more equal distribution of per student spending) in the allocation of fiscal resources to education. The author concludes that the best way to deal with this equity-efficiency tradeoff is to encourage greater private participation in higher education. His main findings are that: a) The accumulation of human capital during 1984-94, as proxied by education attainment, was accompanied by a more equal distribution of education attainment levels over that period and, thus, exerted an equalizing effect on the distribution of incomes. The increased income inequalityobserved over that period appears to be caused by an increased rate of skill-based technological change, whose transmission to Mexico and other developing countries may have been facilitated by the increased openness of their economies. b) The greater dispersion of wager observed in Mexico during the past decade raised the rates of return on investing in higher education, reversing the traditional pattern where primary education exhibits the highest rates of return. c) The social rates of return across levels of schooling were more uniform in 1994 than in 1984, suggesting a more efficient assignment of education spending. At the same time, the distribution of spending on education became more egalitarian, as per student spending in higher education declined markedly compared with per student spending at the primary level. This surprising coincidence in the pattern of spending on education was only possible because Mexico started out with a very distorted resource allocation in education that was both highly inequitable and inefficient. As Mexico's policymakers are on the way to correcting these distortions, the opportunities for avoiding the equity-efficiency tradeoff within Mexico's centralized education framework will become progressively exhausted. d) There is little reason to expect the pace of technological change, which appears mainly responsible for raising wage dispersion and the relative returns on higher education, to abate. Efficiency considerations dictate that Mexico should respond by devoting more resources to higher education. However, the federal budget, which traditionally has financed the lion's share of higher education costs in Mexico, is unable to accommodate additional spending on higher education, while spending cuts elsewhere in the education sector are bound to raise serious equity questions. Thus, to avoid falling behind in terms of human capital accumulation, greater private sector participation is necessary, at least, in terms of cost recovery from the main beneficiaries of higher education.Decentralization,Teaching and Learning,Environmental Economics&Policies,Public Health Promotion,Curriculum&Instruction,Teaching and Learning,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Gender and Education,Curriculum&Instruction
Transforming the old into a foundation for the new - lessons of the Moldova ARIA Project
Get PDFThis paper is a case study of what is recognized as one of the more successful projects in any country in the Europe and Central Asia region, not to mention in the poorest country of the region-Moldova. The ARIA project shows new ways to attack some of the most intractable problems of private sector development in Europe and Central Asia: how to facilitate reorganization and liquidation bankruptcies; how to promote small and medium enterprise spin-offs and new start-ups; and how to promote new learning at the enterprise level, both in the form of"Marshall Plan"programs with more advanced post-socialist countries, as well as continuous improvement programs (such as those adapted from Japanese programs). The prime mover for these programs is the quasi-public restructuring agency, ARIA, which was established as part of the Moldova Private Sector Development I loan. ARIA was structured to try to combine private sector entrepreneurship with a public function in the process of restructuring and bankruptcy. The study tries to account for the strategies and innovations that lead to results. And it tries to connect the ARIA strategy to past development literature by viewing the study through Albert Hirschman's work on social learning and change.Enterprise Development&Reform,Public Health Promotion,Banks&Banking Reform,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Small Scale Enterprise,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Banks&Banking Reform,Small Scale Enterprise,Microfinance,Private Participation in Infrastructure
Jews and gender in British literature 1815-1865.
No full textPhDThis thesis examines the variety of relationships between Jews and gender in early
to mid-nineteenth century British literature, focussing particularly on representations
of and by Jewish women. It reconstructs the social, political and literary context in
which writers produced images and narratives about Jews, and considers to what
extent stereotypes were reproduced, appropriated, or challenged. In particular it
examines the ways in which questions of gender were linked to ideas about religious
or racial difference in the Victorian period.
The study situates literary representations of Jews within the context of
contemporary debates about the participation of the Jews in the life of the modern
state. It also investigates the ways in which these political debates were gendered,
looking in particular at the relationship between the cultural construction of
femininity and English national identity.
It first considers Victorian culture's obsession with Rebecca, the Jewess created in
Walter Scott's influential novel Ivanhoe (1819). It examines Rebecca's refusal to
convert to Christianity in the context of Scott's discussion of racial separatism and
modern national unity.
Evangelical writers like Annie Webb, Amelia Bristow and Mrs Brendlah were
prolific literary producers, and preoccupied with converting Jewish women.
Particularly during the 18'40s and 1850s, evangelical writing provided an important
forum for the construction and consolidation of women's national identity.
Grace Aguilar's writing was an attempt to understand Jewish identity within the
terms of Victorian domestic ideology. In contrast, Celia and Marion Moss, in their
historical romances, offered narratives of female heroism and national liberation,
drawing on the contemporary debate about slavery.
Benjamin Disraeli's construction of a "tough version of Jewish identity was a
response both to the contemporary stereotype of the feminised Jew and to the debate
about Jewish emancipation. It also drew on the virile ideology of the Young England
movement of the 1840s
Sacrificio y tratamiento ritual del cuerpo humano en la antigua sociedad maya: el caso del Depósito E-1003 de Becán, Campeche. 33. Arqueología
No full textAnda, Guillermo de, Vera Tiesler y Pilar Zabala
2004. “Cenotes, espacios sagrados y la práctica del
sacrificio humano en Yucatán”, en Memorias del
XIII Encuentro Internacional de Investigadores de la
Cultura Maya, Campeche, Universidad Autónoma
de Campeche (en prensa).Aufderheide, Arthur C. y Conrado Rodríguez-Martin
1998. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human
Paleopathology, Cambridge, Cambridge University.Becker, Marshall J.
1992. “Burials as Caches; Caches as Burials: A New
Interpretation of the Meaning of Ritual Deposits
among the Classic Period Lowland Maya”, en E.C.
Danien y R. J. Sharer (eds.), New Theories on the
Ancient Maya, Philadelphia, The University
Museum, University of Pennsylvania, pp. 185-196.1993. “Earth Offerings among the Classic Period
Lowland Maya: Burials and Caches as Ritual
Deposits”, en Ma. Josefa Iglesias y Francisco
Ligorred (eds.), Perspectivas antropológicas en el
mundo maya, Girona, España, Sociedad Española
de Estudios Mayas, pp.45-74.Campaña, Luz Evelia et al.
2002. “Proyecto Arqueológico Becán. Informe
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México, Archivo Técnico del Consejo de
Arqueología, INAH.Coe, Michael D.
1959. Piedras Negras Archaeology: Artefacts, Caches and
Burials, Philadelphia, Museum Monograph 4,
University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.Duday, Henry
1997. “Antropología biológica ‘de campo’,
tafonomía y arqueología de la muerte”, en Elsa
Malvido, Gregory Pereira y Vera Tiesler (eds.), El
cuerpo humano y su tratamiento mortuorio, México,
INAH (Científica), pp. 91-126.Edmonson, Munro S.
1984. “Human Sacrifice in the Books of Chilam
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Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection,
pp. 91-100.García Moreno, Renata y Josefina Granados
2000. “Tumbas reales de Calakmul”, Arqueología
Mexicana, 7(42): 28-33.Krejci, Estella y Patrick Culbert
1995. “Preclassic and Classic Burials and Caches in
the Maya Lowlands”, en Nikolai Grube (ed.), The
Emergence of Lowland Maya Civilization, Acta
Mesoamericana, Markt Schwaben, Anton Saurwein,
pp. 103-116.Kunen, Julie L., Mary Jo Galindo y Erin Chase
2002. “Pits and Bones: Identifying Maya Ritual
Behavior in the Archaeological Record”, Ancient
Mesoamerica, 13(2): 197-211.Lucero, Lisa J.
2003. “The Politics of Ritual. The Emergence of
Classic Maya Rulers”, Current Anthropology, 44(4):
523-558.Landa, Fr. Diego de
1982 [~1566]. Relación de las cosas de Yucatán,
introducción por A.M. Garibay, México, Porrúa.López Austin, Alfredo
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Arqueología Mexicana, 34: 4-17.Miller, Mary E. y Karl Taube
1993. The Gods and the Symbols of Ancient Mexico and
the Maya, London, Thames and Hudson.Mock, Shirley Boteler
1994. “Destruction and Denouement during the
Late-Terminal Classic: The Colha Skull Pit”, en
Thomas Hester, Harry Shafer y Jack Eaton (eds.),
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Texas, pp. 221-231.Nájera, Martha Ilia
1987. El don de la sangre en el equilibrio cósmico,
México, Centro de Estudios Mayas, UNAM.Ortner, Donald J.
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Ortner (ed.), Identification of Pathological Conditions
in Human Skeletal Remains, 2da. edición,
Amsterdam, Academic Press, pp. 273-323.Pijoan, J. y J. Mansilla
1997. “Evidencia de sacrificio humano,
modificación ósea y canibalismo en el México
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Calakmul, Campeche”, Antropología Física
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Calakmul. Reporte técnico entregado a la
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y Mario Coyoc
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humano entre los mayas del Clásico: una mirada
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University of Florida Potato Variety Trials Spotlight: 'Snowden'
No full text‘Snowden’ is a potato variety that is commonly grown for the potato chip market. It was selected from a cross of ‘Le-nape’ and ‘Wischip’ by Dr. Stan Peloquin and Mr. Donald Kichefski at the University of Wisconsin. It was named and released in 1990 from the University of Wisconsin’s Lelah Starks Potato Breeding Farm in Rhinelander, WI. Tuber production and quality results are summarized from various variety trials conducted by the University of Florida’s Hastings Agricultural and Extension Center from 1998 to 2019.
This is a minor revision with an added author. Originally published 10/2016.
https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs128
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