26 research outputs found
Erratum: Proposal for a definition for response to treatment, inactive disease and damage for JIA associated uveitis based on the validation of a uveitis related JIA outcome measures from the Multinational Interdisciplinary Working Group for Uveitis in Childhood (MIWGUC) (Pediatr Rheumatol Online J (2019) 17 (66) DOI: 10.1186/s12969-019-0345-2)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], we have been notified that the author Joan Calzada should not have been included to the team of authors. The authors' team, thus, should be as follows: Ivan Foeldvari1*, Jens Klotsche2,3, Gabriele Simonini4, Clive Edelsten5, Sheila T. Angeles-Han6, Regitze Bangsgaard7, Joke de Boer8, Gabriele Brumm9, Rosa Bou Torrent10,21, Tamas Constantin11, Cinzia DeLibero12, Jesus Diaz23,24,Valeria Maria Gerloni13, Margarida Guedes14, Arnd Heiligenhaus15, Kaisu Kotaniemi16, Sanna Leinonen16, Kirsten Minden2,17, Vasco Miranda18, Elisabetta Miserocchi19, Susan Nielsen7, Martina Niewerth2, Irene Pontikaki13,Carmen Garcia de Vicuna10, Carla Zilhao14, Steven Yeh20, Jordi Anton10,21,2
Refraction and visual acuity in a national Danish cohort of 4-year-old children of extremely preterm delivery
No full textPURPOSE: A recent threefold increase in laser treatment for advanced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) triggered a nationwide preschool ophthalmic and developmental status among extremely preterm survivors. Here, we discuss refraction and visual acuity.METHODS: Survivors (n = 178) from a national birth cohort (February 2004 to March 2006) of gestational age <28 weeks (PT) and 56 full-term (FT) controls attended for evaluation at age 4 years. Cycloplegic refraction and keratometry were achieved by Retinomax autokeratorefractor and visual acuities by symbol recognition (HOTV, logMAR).RESULTS: The refractive distribution presented a myopic tail (4.5%) and a hyperopic tail (11.9% ≥+2.5 D) as special preterm features, and corneas were more curved. Astigmatism and anisometropia were only marginally increased, and visual acuities were generally good. Best-corrected binocular median logMAR visual acuity was 0.1 in FT and 0.2 in PT, in Snellen equivalents 0.8 and 0.63. Snellen acuity ≤0.5 occurred across the ROP subgroups, but mainly in those with at least ROP stage 3. Two children had low vision.CONCLUSIONS: The overall fair outcome for refraction and function is in accordance with other recent northern Europe experience. The results differ in particular from the poorer ophthalmic outcomes reported in the pioneer US treatment studies (cryotherapy for ROP and ETROP). The diode laser ablations (n = 32) appeared effective in our series; except one child, all treated subjects had good or fair social vision at the age of 4 years.</p
Palpebral myiasis in a Danish traveler caused by the human bot-fly (Dermatobia hominis)
No full textophthalmology, dermatobia hominis, human bot-fly, palpebral myiasis, parasite infection, myiasi
11p Microdeletion including <it>WT1 </it>but not <it>PAX6</it>, presenting with cataract, mental retardation, genital abnormalities and seizures: a case report
No full textAbstract WAGR syndrome (Wilms' tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities and mental retardation) and Potocki-Shaffer syndrome are rare contiguous gene deletion syndromes caused by deletions of the 11p14-p12 chromosome region. We present a patient with mental retardation, unilateral cataract, bilateral ptosis, genital abnormalities, seizures and a dysmorphic face. Cytogenetic analysis showed a deletion on 11p that was further characterized using FISH and MLPA analyses. The deletion (11p13-p12) located in the area between the deletions associated with the WAGR and Potocki-Shaffer syndromes had a maximum size of 8.5 Mb and encompasses 44 genes. Deletion of WT1 explains the genital abnormalities observed. As PAX6 was intact the cataract observed cannot be explained by a deletion of this gene. Seizures have been described in Potocki-Shaffer syndrome while mental retardation has been described in both WAGR and Potocki-Shaffer syndrome. Characterization of this patient contributes further to elucidate the function of the genes in the 11p14-p12 chromosome region.</p
Cerebral Damage May Be the Primary Risk Factor for Visual Impairment in Preschool Children Born Extremely Premature
No full textOBJECTIVES To investigate the importance of cerebral damage and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) for visual impairment in preschool children born extremely premature and to determine the primary risk factor of the two. METHODS A clinical follow-up study of a Danish national cohort of children born extremely premature (gestational age, <28 weeks). The study sample consisted of 262 extremely preterm children born between February 13, 2004, and March 23, 2006, of whom 178 children (67.9%) participated. A matched control group consisted of 56 term-born children (gestational age, 37 to <42 weeks). All participants were identified through the National Birth Register and invited to participate in a clinical examination. The children were evaluated with regard to visual acuity, foveal sequelae, and maximum ROP stage and the presence of global developmental deficits (an indicator for cerebral damage) that was measured by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. RESULTS Global developmental deficits and foveal sequelae occurred more often in extremely preterm children than in term-born control children and increased with ROP severity (χ2 test; P = .11 and P < .001, respectively). Global developmental deficits, moderate to severe foveal abnormality, and ROP treatment were independently associated with visual impairment (P < .05, for better and worse eyes). A stepwise multiple logistic regression for better-eye logarithmic visual acuities of 0.3 or greater (Snellen scale, ≤0.5) yielded an odds ratio of 8.7 (95% CI, 3.0-25.2; P < .001) for global developmental deficit and 6.3 (95% CI, 2.2-18.5; P < .001) for moderate to severe foveal sequelae. CONCLUSION Cerebral damage and ROP are independent risk factors for visual impairment in children born extremely premature, and cerebral damage may be the primary risk factor
Occurrence of lacrimal gland tissue outside the lacrimal fossa: comparison of clinical and histopathological findings
No full textophthalmology, ectopic lacrimal gland, complex choristoma, prolapsed lacrimal gland, orbit, conjunctiva Udgivelsesdato: 2005/
Prevalence and risk factors for hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression in infants receiving glucocorticoid eye drops after ocular surgery
No full textPurpose: To examine the prevalence and risk factors for hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression (HPA axis suppression) in infants receiving glucocorticoid (GC) eye drops after ocular surgery. Methods: This was a clinical observational cohort study. Children under the age of two receiving GC eye drops after cataract or glaucoma surgery between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021 were included at one centre. Medical history and results of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests were obtained through patient charts. Results: Forty-nine infants were included in the study. Ten out of 22 patients (45.5%) tested during treatment and two out of 27 patients (7.4%) tested after treatment cessation were diagnosed with HPA axis suppression. The duration of HPA axis suppression extended beyond 3 months in 8 out of 12 patients. Logistic regression showed that infants with HPA axis suppression had received a higher GC dose/body weight/day before the first ACTH test (p < 0.001). There was a 79% (95% CI:1.28;2.50) increase in the odds of having HPA axis suppression for a 0.01 mg GC increase/kg/day corresponding to an additional daily eye drop for an infant weighing 5 kg. There was an association between HPA axis suppression and number of days from surgery to test (p = 0.003), age at surgery (p = 0.035) and cumulated GC dose (p = 0.005). Three infants with HPA axis suppression had affected growth and one had Cushing-like features, but there were no cases of Addisonian crisis. Conclusion: Infants are at risk of having hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis suppression if they receive a high daily glucocorticoid dose per weight by topical ocular administration. Infants receiving glucocorticoids after ocular surgery should be monitored clinically or by ACTH testing.</p
Cataract Surgery with or without Intraocular Lens Implantation in Pediatric Uveitis: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses
No full textPurpose. To systematically review the results of comparative studies of modern cataract surgery in pediatric uveitis with or without intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and to perform comparative meta-analyses to compare visual acuity outcomes and complication rates. Methods. On 12 November 2020, we systematically searched the Cochrane Central, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, and all affiliated databases of the Web of Science. Two authors independently reviewed studies and extracted data. Studies were reviewed qualitatively in text and quantitatively with meta-analyses. Outcome measures were preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), inflammation control, and rates of postoperative complications. Results. Ten studies of 288 eyes were eligible for review of which the majority were eyes with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Summary estimates revealed that the BCVA was better in pseudophakic eyes vs. aphakic eyes (1-year postoperative: −0.23 logMAR, 95% CI: −0.43 to −0.03 logMAR, P=0.027; 5-year postoperative: −0.35 logMAR, 95% CI: −0.51 to −0.18 logMAR, P=0.000036). Pseudophakic eyes had more visual axis opacification (OR 6.76, 95% CI: 2.73 to 16.8, P=0.000036) and less hypotony (OR 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.95, P=0.044). Conclusions. In modern era cataract surgery on eyes with pediatric uveitis with IOL implantation leads to satisfactory and superior visual outcomes and no differences in complication rates apart from an increased prevalence of visual axis opacification and a decreased prevalence of hypotony when compared to aphakia. However, limitations of the retrospective design and the presence of selection bias necessitate a careful interpretation
Adrenal Suppression in Infants Treated with Topical Ocular Glucocorticoids
No full textPURPOSE: To analyze the incidence of adrenal suppression and the glucocorticoid (GC) dose per kilogram body weight given in infants treated with standard protocol for topical ophthalmic GCs after congenital cataract surgery.DESIGN: Retrospective, consecutive case series.PARTICIPANTS: All children younger than 2 years of age who underwent operation for congenital cataract between January 2011 and May 2015 in 1 center.METHODS: Patient charts were reviewed to collect data on results and timing of a standard corticotropin (adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH]) stimulation test and GC dose per kilogram body weight.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of adrenal suppression in children tested on GC treatment. Glucocorticoid dose per kilogram body weight.RESULTS: Among 26 consecutive infants, 15 (58%) were tested while they were still on GC treatment. Ten of these 15 infants (67%) had adrenal suppression, 2 of whom had obvious clinical signs of Cushing's syndrome and 1 of whom had signs of Addisonian crises during general anesthesia. Eleven of the 26 infants (42%) were tested at a median time of 21 days (range, 6-89) after treatment cessation, and they all had normal test results. Children with suppressed adrenal function had received cumulative GC doses per body weight that were significantly higher the last 5 days before testing compared with children with normal test results. Infants with adrenal suppression were treated with hydrocortisone replacement therapy. Adrenal function recovered after a median of 3.1 months (range, 2.3 months to 2.3 years).CONCLUSIONS: Two thirds of the infants tested during treatment with a standard GC protocol after congenital cataract surgery showed adrenal suppression. There was a significant association between the cumulative daily dose of GCs and the test result. Because adrenal suppression is a serious but treatable condition, we recommend a systematic assessment of adrenal function in infants treated with doses of topical ocular GCs comparable to our regimen and careful evaluations of other treatment regimens.</p
