270 research outputs found
Kyrgyzstan’s Manas epos millennium celebrations: post-colonial resurgence of Turkic culture and the marketing of cultural tourism
No full textThe paper addresses the symbolic nature of the Manas epos and its influence on both the unification of Kyrgyzstan and the enhancement of the country's national and Turkic identity. The case of the Manas epos millennium celebrations event is then used to illustrate the relationship between the uses of the Manas 'legend' in the construction of a national identity and in the positioning of the cultural tourism product. The paper subsequently assess the potential usefulness of the Manas epos in the creation of a destination image for Kyrgyzstan and in the positioning of Kyrgyzstan in the global tourism marketplace
Reflection of religious motives in the heroic epic «Manas»
No full textAt the beginning of the I millennium BC, one of the largest events in the history of the peoples inhabiting the mountainous expanses of Eurasia took place — the transition of steppe tribes to a nomadic lifestyle, to nomadic cattle breeding. The presented study examines the heroic epic «Manas» — one of the oldest epics in the world, which reflects not only the life and way of life of the nomadic Kyrgyz people, their ethical norms, but also religious cult rituals and actions. The main goal of the author is to reveal the religious foundations of the epic «Manas», which made it possible to formulate two key tasks: on the one hand, the identification of peculiar historical «signs of time», traces of various epochs found in the work, and the analysis of religious images of «Manas», on the other. Both tasks are inextricably linked and reflect, in fact, different sides of the same problem. ьThe author examines in detail the issues of reflection of early religious beliefs (totemism, animism, ancestor cult), as well as Muslim motifs in the epic text. The main purpose of the scientific analysis of religious motifs is to clarify their ontological and axiological value in the context of nomadic existence. The article presents the totemic beliefs on the example of the zoomorphic goddess Ak-Bugu very vividly. It tells how Ak-Bugu (literally, the Holy Deer-girl) feeds baby Semetei with her milk, and his mother seeing it,perceived it as a good sign. In ancient times, the deer, elk, argali, as well as the wolf or the leopard, were considered sacred animals patronizing the Kyrgyz tribes. The researcher also considered one of the most ancient and vivid female characters of the epic Manas, namely Aichuryok. Her image in “Manas” is associated with the motive of hero’s revival by his wife, which is widespread in the epic of Turkic-Mongolian peoples
Ancient Images and Plots of the Epic of Manas
No full textThe problem of the emergence and development of the Kyrgyz heroic epic of Manas has attracted
the attention of scholars since the very beginning of the study of this unique memorial.
The first researchers in the 19th century, Kazakh scientist Ch. Ch. Valikhanov and academician
V. V. Radlov, pointed to the antiquity of the Kyrgyz epic and expressed their thoughts about its
composition and existence. The question of the composition and development of the epic of
Manas on the basis of research on its plot, images and ideas was explained by scientists of the
20th century, such as V. M. Zhirmunsky, P. N. Berkov, S. M. Abramzon, R. Z. Kydyrbaeva, etc.
However, the question remains relevant today. There is still no consensus among scholars as to
the time of the epic’s origin and its main stages of development. The author of this article aims
to continue the study of the genesis of the epic of Manas and attempts to establish the historical
conditions that gave rise to the heroic epos as a new type of art and determined its further
development. The author considers and analyzes the most ancient plots and characters of the
epic of Manas, the formation and development of which largely predetermined the nature of
epic creativity in subsequent eras. The subject of analysis is mainly the image of the protagonist
and the most important themes of the archaic epic: the hero’s struggle with monsters,
heroic matchmaking, and the fight against raids. All material, when possible, is considered in
a comparative-historical perspective, in comparison with the epic work of Turkic peoples of
Southern Siberia and Central Asia
The Übermensch as the Deconstruction of Manas: A New Horizon for Eternal Recurrence
No full textThis paper proposes a cross-cultural philosophical synthesis by reinterpreting Friedrich Nietzsche’s concepts of Eternal Recurrence and the Übermensch through the lens of Buddhist Yogacara epistemology, specifically the deconstruction of Manas-vijnana (말라식). The author argues that the existential dread associated with the Eternal Recurrence—often perceived as a nihilistic trap of repetitive causality—stems not from the nature of reality itself, but from the rigid, self-grasping structure of the Manas. Within the Twelvefold Chain of Dependent Arising (12연기), the Manas functions as the architect of an ontological bifurcation, freezing the fluid process of existence into a fixed Subject ("I") and a fixed Object ("World").
Drawing on Nietzsche’s critique of the "Subject" as a linguistic fiction and his call for "self-overcoming," this study posits that the emergence of the Übermensch is synonymous with the deconstruction of the Manas. By dissolving the fixed ego-identity, the individual undergoes a profound Metanoia, transforming the "greatest weight" of infinite repetition into the "lightness" of creative play. Ultimately, the paper concludes that Amor Fati is only attainable when the Manas is dismantled, allowing the practitioner to embrace the necessity of Dependent Arising as an aesthetic phenomenon rather than a karmic prison. Through this "Transformation of Suffering," the Übermensch affirms the Eternal Recurrence as the ecstatic, ego-less dance of existence
Bagış Sazan Oğlu'nun Manas Destanındaki çon kazat (büyük savaş) varyantı : giriş, metin, aktarma, dizin
No full text06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Halk arasında sözlü olarak anlatılan destanlar ve halk hikayeleri yüzyıllar boyunca dilden dile, kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılarak, ait oldukları milletlerin tarihlerine, coğrafyalarına, adet, gelenek ve göreneklerine, inanışlarına, daha da önemlisi dillerine ışık tutmuşlardır. Kırgız Türklerine ait olan Manas destanı atalarımızdan kalan bir mirastır. Bu mirası yok etmek için çeşitli sıkıntılar meydana gelmiştir. Hatta ölüm cezasına çarpılan aydınlarımız da olmuştur. Her türlü sıkıntılara rağmen nesilden nesile ulaşan mirasımızın bundan sonra parlayacağı şüphesizdir. Günümüz Türkoloji alanı her alanda araştırmalarını sürdürmektedir. Biz de bu alanın vesilesi ile Türk Dünyasına yeni ve çalışılmamış konuları ele aldık. Çalışmamız bugüne kadar çalışılmamış Manas destanı Bagış Sazan Oğlu'nun "Çon Kazat" (Büyük Savaş) bölümü incelenmiştir. Çalışmamızın Giriş Bölümünde "Kırgız" adının kaynağı konusunda ilmî ve popüler görüşler ele alınmış, Kırgız Türklerinin tarihi hakkında çok fazla ayrıntıya girmeden açık ve anlaşılır bilgiler verilmiştir. Ardından "Kırgız Türklerinin Tarihi" ve "Kırgız Türkçesi Hakkında Genel Bilgi"verilmiştir. Onun ardından "Kırgız Edebiyatı Hakkında Genel Bilgi" belirtilmiştir. Çalışmamızın Birinci Bölümü, "Destan Tanımı ve Konuları", "Manas İsmi ve Menşei", "Manas Destanı Hakkında Genel Bilgiler", "Manas destanı Üzerinde Yapılmış Çalışmalar" ve incelediğimiz destanın müellifi "Bagış Sazan Oğlu Hakkında Bilgiler" verilmiştir. Çalışmamızın İkinci Bölümünde Kırgız Türkçesi ile yazılmış metnin Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılması yerleştirilmiştir.Üçüncü Bölüm ise Dizin Metni'nden oluşmaktadır. Dizinde bir kelimenin hangi sayfada ve kaç kez tekrarlandığını verdik. Çalışmamız incelenirken bir kelimenin hangi satırda geçtiğini bulabilmek için orijinal metin kısmında satır numarası verilen yere bakılmalıdır.Oral-derived epics and folk tales are over the centuries transfered from generation to generation, from one language to other. These epics and folk tales of course shed light on to the history, geography, customs, traditions, beliefs and more importantly on language of the nation they belong.Kyrgyz epic of Manas is considered as a heritage of our ancestors. There was a variety of attempts to destroy this heritage. Even there were cases when intelligentsia was put into death penalty. Despite all the obstacles there is no doubt that that hereafter it will have much more clear and bright fate. Nowadays Turkology area is doing researches on different spheres. By means of this area we obtained new and unexplored topics for Turkish World. Our study have analyzed the unexplored up to this time epic of Manas by Bagysh Sazan Ogly "Chon Kazat" (Big Struggle) section. İn the Introduction part some scientific and popular views were shared about the origin of the word "Kyrgyz". In adittion to this short but clear information about the Kyrgyz Turks is given. And afterwards a general information about the "History of Kyrgyz Turks" and "Kyrgyz Language" takes place. At the very end a general information about the "Kyrgyz Literature" is given. The first chapter of our study discusses topics like "The definition of Epic and its Types", " Etymology of the word Manas and its Meaning", "A General İnformation About Epic of Manas", "Studies made on Epic of Manas" and short information about of the author Bagysh Sazan Ogly.The second chapter of the study includes the translation of the Kyrgyz text into Turkish language. The third chapter consists of İndex
Mobile interface to sensor networks
No full textThesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-150).This thesis presents the Ubicorder. The Ubicorder is a location and orientation aware sensor network browsing and interactive visualization system together with in-situ event denition and identification (termed EDITY). The mobile browser allows real-time viewing of sensor network data, and enables the user to easily establish correlation between physically observed phenomena and their sensor signature. Based on the observed correlations, events are triggered every time a given set of sensor-value conditions are satised. Event rules can then be recursively combined to detect complex physical phenomena. Through a first-use user study, we evaluate the system for its usefulness and usability.by Manas Mittal.S.M
Citta, Manas and Vijñāna in the Mahāyānasamgraha
No full textThe present research is an attempt to elucidate a problematical passage in the Mahayanasamgraha (MS) from the historical standpoint of Vijnaptimatrata thought.The passage has been considered as a difficult one by Fujaku 普寂, a Japanese Buddhist scholar in the Edo period, whose studies have been mainly based on Paramartha\u27s translation of the Mahayanasamgrahabhasya (MSBh).As it is well known, the Sanskrit original of the MS having lost, the only method to clarify the passage seems to be to apply itself to the Tibetan and Chinese translations of the MS and the commentaries on it.These translations of the passage in question are as follows: Buddhasanta\u27s tr.“心及身第三，離阿犁耶識，更餘處無．以是義故，釋成阿犁耶識是心事．”；Paramartha\u27s tr.“尋第三體，離阿黎耶識，不可得．是故，阿黎耶識成就爲竜．”；Dharmagupta\u27s tr.“心體第三，離阿梨耶識，不可得．是故，成就阿梨耶識爲心．”；Hsuan-chuang\u27s tr.“心體第三，若離阿頼耶識，無別可得．是故，成就阿頼耶識以爲心體．”；Tibetan tr.“kun gshi rnam par ses pa ma gtogs par sems kyi lus gsum pa mi dmigs te/de bas na kun gshi rnam par ses pa ni sems nid yin par grub po//”.Dr. H. Ui revised the word第三into第二according to Paramartha\u27s translation of the MSBh.The present author, however, does not follow his reading because the translation of Paramartha contains the addition and re-edition by himself and his followers in China.Without the intervention of this translation, a careful perusal of these translations of the MS itself would reveal that some differences among them are not those of the original.So one might be able to restore them into the following original form:“citta-sariram trtiyam anyatralaya-vijnanan nopalabhyate/tasmat siddham alaya-vijnanam cittatvena/”.Here the interpretation of“citta-sarlram trtiyam”comes under discussion.In its French translation,“une troisieme categoric (kaya) nommee pensee (citta)”by Prof.E. Lamotte, he seems to interpret that the citta is the third, grouped with the first manas and the second vijnana.But the present author, on the contrary, concludes that the third (trtiya) means the citta treated as the third subject after the preceding subjects, i. e. the first alaya-vijnana and the second adana-vijnana.In order to prove his own interpretation, the present author gives a Japanese translation of the MS, Chap.I,§§ 1-9 with the detailed annotations, and consults the commentaries on the MS, i. e. the MSBh, the Mahayanasamgrahopanibandhana and the Vivrtaguhyarthapindavyakhya, among which the latter is preserved only in the Tibetan.Lastly he elucidates the historical meaning of citta in relation to manas and vijnana on the basis of the early Yogacara literature
LEVELS OF OBSERVATION AND PRACTICE OF TEACHING SKILLS OF STUDENT-TEACHERS
No full textBu çalışmada amaç; Düzce Teknik Eğitim Fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin öğretmenlik becerilerini uygulama ve gözleyebilme düzeylerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada, survey yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, Düzce Teknik Eğitim Fakültesi Elektrik, Yapı ve Mobilya-Dekorasyon Öğretmenliği Bölümleri son sınıf öğrencileri üzerinde yapıldı. Öğretmenlik uygulaması dersinde kullanılan öğretmenlik becerileri ölçeği esas alınarak öğretmen adaylarıyla birlikte toplam 39 beceri belirlendi. Bunlardan üç ayrı ölçek oluşturuldu. Her ölçekte 15 beceri yer aldı. Öğretmen adaylarının yapmış oldukları ders sunuları, bu ölçekler kullanılarak araştırmacı ve diğer öğretmen adayları tarafından gözlenerek gözlem formları dolduruldu. Toplanan veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak analiz edildi. Araştırmacı tarafından yapılan gözlemlerin analizi sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik becerilerini uygulama ve gözleme düzeyleri ortaya konuldu. Öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik davranışlarını uygulama ve gözleme düzeyleri arasındaki fark için t testi yapıldı. Analiz sonucunda öğretmen adaylarının öğretmenlik davranışlarını uygulama ve gözleme düzeylerinde 39 davranıştan 21 davranış açısından anlamlı farklılık olduğu görüldüThe aim of this study is to determine levels of observation and practice for self teaching skills of senior student teachers at educational departmants in Düzce Technical Education Faculty. Survey method was used in this study. Since all senior students involved in the survey there was no need for sampling. There are a total of thirty-nine skills such as subject matter, planing, instructural proceses, classroom administration, communication, and evaluation by taking an account of teacher skills measurement in teaching practice course. Reascher of this study and students in the classroom observed the presentation of each student and filled the scale form. Data obtained from this observation were analyzed using stastistic program called SPSS. Two aspect from these results come out. One is levels of practice teaching skills of the students obtained by the author. The other is levels of student teachers observation ability in teaching skills
Blocker-tolerant Receiver Design Suitable for Software-defined and Cognitive Radio Applications
No full textThe ever growing demand for higher data rates and the heavy usage of wireless communication devices have created frequency congestion on certain bands of the radio spectrum. The push has been towards new standards that can quench this thirst for data capacity and more space on the spectrum. This has led to added complexity and cost for radio platforms. In particular, the increase in the number of antennas, switch banks and pre-select filters have made it challenging to implement these platforms cost-effectively. Therefore, concepts such as software-defined radio(SDR) and cognitive radio(CR) have been proposed to tackle this problem. These concepts, allow the use of a single wideband receiver which can handle multiple radio standards spread across the entire spectrum of interest. The introduction of a common flexible hardware platform eliminates the use of multiple off-chip RF pre-filters and thus lowers cost, reduces complexity and form factor. While attractive, these future radio receivers pose a number of unique challenges to the designer.
This thesis focuses on frequency translation (FT) techniques and addresses two key SDR/CR challenges: the robustness to out-of-band interference (OBI) or block-ers and the compatibility with CMOS scaling and system-on-chip (SoC) integration. The thesis studies the principles and the performance limitations of existing FT tech-niques and proposes new circuit-and-system techniques to improve the performance of wideband receivers suitable for SDR and CR applications.
First, the performance of the frequency translational resistive feedback receiver frontend is studied and analyzed. Instead of using a conventional LNA, the job of the LNA is shared along the receiver chain through the utilization of frequency translation techniques. This approach significantly relaxes the trade-off between noise, out-of-band linearity and wideband operation. Though frequency translation
is at the core of the receiver functionality, it is accomplished using time-varying, strongly nonlinear passive mixer circuits. So the operation and noise performance cannot be understood using standard LTI circuit analysis techniques. To this end, an in-depth LTV analysis is presented which accurately captures the gain, input matching and the noise performance of the receiver.
Next, a wideband blocker tolerant receiver with an RF frequency range of 0.1 GHz to 2.2 GHz is proposed. By using frequency-translational resistive shunt-feedback, the receiver achieves frequency selective input match across its entire range of operation. Four techniques for improving blocker tolerance of the receiver have been utilized: 1) voltage amplification only after baseband filtering 2) blocker rejection at the antenna interface using an N-path filter 3) blocker current cancellation in the baseband 4) frequency translational noise cancellation which uses an auxiliary path to cancel the noise of the main path. By introducing an auxiliary path, the value of the RF transconductor in the main path is halved which in turn relaxes the requirements of the main path and further improves the overall linearity of the receiver while degradation in the noise figure is prevented due to noise-cancellation. As a proof of concept, a receiver prototype is fabricated in a 130 nm CMOS process. The measurement results demonstrate that the receiver achieves +2dBm in-band IIP3 and +27dBm out-of-band IIP3. The measured noise figure varies from 2.6 dB at low frequencies to 3.2 dB at 2.2 GHz. The receiver can tolerate a +2.5 dBm blocker beyond a 40 MHz offset while achieving a blocker noise figure of 4.6 dB for a 0-dBm blocker at 40 MHz offset.
Finally, architecture and circuit techniques are proposed to improve the receiver’s resilience to strong harmonic blockers. Designed in a 40nm standard CMOS process, the receiver can tolerate up to -1 dBm harmonic blockers. On the other hand, it achieves a 1-dB standard blocker compression point of +3 dBm and OB-IIP3 of +24 dBm at a 40 MHz offset from the LO frequency.Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Govt. of India
An Autofictional Analysis of the Place of the Star by Patrick Modiano
No full textPatrick Modiano is one of the most important narrative writers of contemporary French literature, which was honoured with the Nobel Prize for literature in 2014 with his unique writing style. From the second half of the twentieth century to the present, the author continues to produce literary production. It is noteworthy that he emphasizes Jewish Genocide, the family, identity problem, the concern of belonging to a community or not, the yearning for the past, the image of the family and the father, the images of the Holocaust, the effects of Nazi occupation on the French people in his writing. When looking at Patrick Modiano’s works, it is understood that most of them are a product of his own life. It is possible to see his youth, his complex feelings towards his father, and traces going up to Paris during the war with the concepts of autobiography and auto fiction in his works. In this study, we aim to analyse the novel The Place of the Star in the context of autofictional novel theory in a structural and thematic context, based on the hypothesis that Modiano revives the past in his self-fiction narratives through memory.Patrick Modiano, üretkenliği ve özgün yazı biçimiyle 2014 yılında Nobel Yazın Ödülü ile onurlandırılmış çağdaş Fransız yazınının en önemli benli anlatı yazarlarından birisidir. Yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısından başlayarak günümüze kadar yazınsal üretimini sürdüren yazar, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Yahudilere uygulanan soykırımın acılarını ve Nazi işgalinin Fransız (Yahudi) halkının üzerindeki etkilerini yapıtlarında temel izlek olarak ele almış, aile, kimlik sorunsalı, bir toplumun üyesi olmak ya da olmamak kaygısı, yitip giden geçmişe olan özlem, aile ve baba imgesi, Yahudi soykırımını odak alan yapıtlara imza atmıştır. Patrick Modiano’nun yapıtlarının büyük bir çoğunluğunun kendi yaşamından esinlendiği görülmektedir. Yaşamının gençlik yılları, babasına karşı olan karmaşık duyguları, savaş yıllarındaki Fransa ve özellikle Paris uzamı, özyaşamöyküsel ve özkurmaca göndermelerle romanlarında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Biz bu çalışmada, Modiano’nun, ‘bellek aracılığıyla geçmişi özkurmaca anlatılarında yeniden canlandırmaktadır’ varsayımından devinimle La place de l’étoile adlı romanını özkurmaca roman kuramı bağlamında yapısal ve izleksel bir yaklaşımla çözümlenmeyi erek ediniyoruz
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