379 research outputs found
Note---On "A Quantity Discount Pricing Model to Increase Vendor Profits"
No full textMonahan (Monahan, James P. 1984. A quantity discount pricing model to increase vendor profits. Management Sci. 30 (June) 720--726.) develops a model for establishing an optimal quantity discount schedule from a vendor's viewpoint. In this note we show that this model is limited to the case where the vendor buys from another supplier. Incorporating vendor's inventory carrying costs, we develop a generalized version of Monahan's model and demonstrate its equivalence with the joint economic lot size approach suggested by Banerjee (Banerjee, Avijit. 1986. A joint economic lot size model for purchaser and vendor. Decision Sci. 17 (Summer) 292--311.).inventory/production: policies, pricing, marketing: pricing, inventory/production: deterministic models
Minimally Invasive Esthetics
No full textEsthetic dentistry is an area of recognizable growth around the world and it often brings considerable challenges for the clinician. Professor Avijit Banerjee presents a new volume designed to introduce practitioners to the world of minimally invasive (MI) dentistry with the goal of safely expanding his or her current scope of ethical dental practice. Richly illustrated in full colour throughout, this beautiful volume guides readers through the key issues of tooth structure preservation relating to MI dentistry and includes a detailed discussion of dental bleaching, the use of adhesive resin composite restorations to re-constitute teeth effectively and the use of MI techniques for replacing missing teeth, both directly and indirectly. Throughout the book, emphasis is given to the importance of respecting natural tooth structure and maintaining pulp vitality, effective communication between the dentist, the oral healthcare team and the patient to ensure the patient’s and team’s expectations are appreciated, managed and met. Whether you are newly qualified or an experienced dental practitioner, this volume will be ideal for skill enhancement and is designed for use throughout the world
The Killing of Avijit Roy: Silencing free-thinking and progressive conscience in Bangladesh
No full text"On February 26 the blogger Avijit Roy, a US-citizen of Bangladeshi origin, published author, and prominent voice against religious intolerance was murdered publicly in Dhaka after returning from a book fair (cf. TheGuardian, 27.2.2015; cf. Alam, 7.2.2015). Roy, an engineer by profession was not only known as a passionate writer but also as the founder of the Bengalilanguage blog Mukto-Mona, the “Free Mind”. (...)
An in-vitro study investigating the effect of air-abrasion bioactive glasses on dental adhesion, cytotoxicity and odontogenic gene expression
No full textObjective
To assess the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) and interfacial characteristics of universal adhesives applied on dentine air-abraded using different powders. The analysis includes the cytotoxicity of the powders and their effect on odontogenic gene expression.
Methods
Sound human dentine specimens were air-abraded using bioglass 45S5 (BAG), polycarboxylated zinc-doped bioglass (SEL), alumina (AL) and submitted to SEM analysis. Resin composite was bonded to air-abraded or smear layer-covered dentine (SML) using an experimental (EXP) or a commercial adhesive (ABU) in etch&rinse (ER) or self-etch (SE) modes. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva (AS) and subjected to MTBS testing after 24 h and 10 months. Interfacial nanoleakage assessment was accomplished using confocal microscopy. The cytotoxicity of the powders was assessed, also the total RNA was extracted and the expression of odontogenic genes was evaluated through RT-PCR.
Results
After prolonged AS storage, specimens in the control (SML) and AL groups showed a significant drop in MTBS (p > 0.05), with degradation evident within the bonding interface. Specimens in BAG or SEL air-abraded dentine groups showed no significant difference, with resin-dentine interfaces devoid of important degradation. The metabolic activity of pulp stem cells was not affected by the tested powders. SEL and BAG had no effect on the expression of odontoblast differentiation markers. However, AL particles interfered with the expression of the odontogenic markers.
Significance
The use of bioactive glass air-abrasion may prevent severe degradation at the resin-dentine interface. Unlike alumina, bioactive glasses do not interfere with the normal metabolic activity of pulp stem cells and their differentiation to odontoblasts
From 'ICDAS' to 'cariescare international': the 20-year journey building international consensus to take caries evidence into clinical practice
No full textEste documento traza el viaje de colaboración de 20 años realizado por equipos internacionales de investigadores, educadores y profesionales de la odontología. Tras el desarrollo inicial del Sistema Internacional de Evaluación y Detección de Caries (ICDAS) en 2002, el Sistema Internacional de Clasificación y Manejo de Caries (ICCMS) se desarrolló en colaboración entre 2010-2017 con varias organizaciones de investigación y práctica dental, e influenciado por la mejor evidencia juzgada a través de Metodología SIGN, el Tratado de Minamata del PNUMA (y la eliminación progresiva de las amalgamas dentales vinculadas), tres laboratorios de políticas dentales y un movimiento internacional en odontología operativa para avanzar hacia la odontología mínimamente invasiva. La Federación Dental Mundial de la FDI publicitó y abogó por el ICCMS en 2019, cuando se publicó la Guía de consenso 'CariesCare International' y el sistema de manejo de caries 4D para ayudar a poner en práctica el ICCMS. Este sistema, que está diseñado para ayudar a los médicos a brindar una atención óptima de la caries a los pacientes, ahora se está adaptando internacionalmente para su uso pospandémico en el estudio 'Caries OUT'. También se está utilizando como un vehículo para implementar la actualización Brindar una mejor guía de salud oral sobre la caries, como parte del marco de atención médica oral de intervención mínima en el Reino Unido.This paper charts the 20-year collaborative journey made by international teams of dental researchers, educators and practitioners. Following the initial development of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) in 2002, the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) was collaboratively developed between 2010-2017 with several dental research and practice organisations, and influenced by best evidence judged via SIGN methodology, the UNEP Minamata Treaty (and linked phasing down of dental amalgam), three Dental Policy Labs and an international movement in operative dentistry to move towards minimally invasive dentistry. The FDI World Dental Federation publicised and advocated the ICCMS in 2019, when the 'CariesCare International' Consensus Guide and 4D caries management system was published to aid the delivery of ICCMS into practice. This system, which is designed to help practitioners deliver optimal caries care for patients, is now being adapted internationally for post-pandemic use in the 'Caries OUT' study. It is also being used as a vehicle for implementing the updated Delivering better oral health guidance on caries, as part of the minimum intervention oral healthcare delivery framework in the UK
Analysis of an inventory system with product perishability and substitution: a simulation-optimization approach
Full text linkThis thesis focuses on some inventory management policies for substitutable and perishable items under demand uncertainty. A set of perishable products with fixed shelf lives is considered under an (R,Si) system of inventory control where demand for a preferred product can be satisfied by a substitute product with a known probability, in the event of a stockout of the preferred product. While taking demand substitution and product expiration into account, the retailer is faced with the decision of determining the order-up-to level, Si, for each product i which maximizes expected total profit, given a common review period, R, determined exogenously.Under demand uncertainty, the problem detailed in this thesis involves stochastic optimization. An exact closed form expression, however, for expected profits becomes difficult for certain parameter values involving product shelf-life, product substitution, and lead time. As an alternative approach, order replenishment, demand consumption, substitution, and product expiration can be effectively modeled using discrete-event simulation. Through a discrete-event simulation model, each realization of the profit function can be evaluated for a selected value of Si, and a mean profit value can be estimated after a number of replications of a simulation run. In order to find the best Si solution, the technique of simulation-optimization is used.This thesis also examines the impact of key parameters such as substitution characteristics, shelf-life, cost structure, lead time, and number of products on the choice of inventory issuing policy on both the optimal Si levels and corresponding mean profit values. Through a factorial experimental design, the effects of these parameters on system performance are analyzed. In addition, heuristics are proposed and tested in order to provide managers with a convenient set of rules for determining near-optimal Si values in practice.Ph.D., Decision Sciences -- Drexel University, 200
Algorithm-PYSWARM.ipynb
No full textThis is a PYSWARM based algorithm that performs the optimization task discussed in the paper Quantitative analysis of non-equilibrium systems from short-time experimental data, to infer entropy production from stationary, non-equilibrium trajectories.Reference: Quantitative analysis of non-equilibrium systems from short-time experimental data ( https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.11374 )Sreekanth K Manikandan, Subhrokoli Ghosh, Avijit Kundu, Biswajit Das, Vipin Agrawal, Dhrubaditya Mitra, Ayan Banerjee, Supriya Krishnamurthy</div
Algorithm.ipynb
No full textIn this Jupyter notebook we implement a particle-swarm algorithm that performs the optimization task discussed in the paper Quantitative analysis of non-equilibrium systems from short-time experimental data, to infer entropy production from stationary, non-equilibrium trajectories.Reference: Quantitative analysis of non-equilibrium systems from short-time experimental data ( https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.11374 )Sreekanth K Manikandan, Subhrokoli Ghosh, Avijit Kundu, Biswajit Das, Vipin Agrawal, Dhrubaditya Mitra, Ayan Banerjee, Supriya Krishnamurthy</div
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