161 research outputs found
The benefits of growth for Indonesian Workers
No full textIndonesia's adopted development model has proved to be the most successful in alleviating poverty and benefiting workers in developing countries. The government's development efforts focused on agriculture, education, and transport infrastructure. It emphasized providing productive employment opportunities and gradually improving the labor quality through education and training. The wage, employment, and income growth rates were left to market forces. Although the rapid growth of labor-intensive manufacturing has led to more jobs and higher wages benefiting workers, workers employed in these industries have expressed growing dissatisfaction. They complain about problems of child labor, the denial of centrally mandated wages and benefits to workers, poor working conditions, and the abuse of young female workers. The government has tried to improve worker's wages and working conditions by centrally mandating higher labor standards, relying principally on minimum wages. Enforcement has improved and, despite low compliance, minimum wages are beginning to bite. Indonesians are debating whether they need labor intensive industries and whether it is a mistake to base Indonesia's growth on cheap labor. They argue that if labor is more expensive, manufacturers must substitute some capital for labor. However, if labor-intensive industries are rejected, the capacity of the economy to absorb plentiful workers will be reduced. The main alternatives are to push up wages now, or to let wages be determined by market forces and strengthen institutions that could improve working conditions, such as labor unions. The author recommends maintaining flexible labor markets and allowing market forces to set the pace of change, while strengthening labor unions.Environmental Economics&Policies,Public Health Promotion,Labor Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Work&Working Conditions,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions,Municipal Financial Management
Organizational resources, KM process capability and strategic flexibility: a dynamic resource-capability perspective
No full text
Purpose
Strategic flexibility is largely considered a source of competitive advantage, yet strategic flexibility in relation to organizational resources and knowledge management (KM) process capability is not well studied. To address this gap, this study aims to assesses the relationship of organizational resources (technical and social resources) and strategic flexibility through KM process capability.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper is built on the assumptions of the resource-based view and the dynamic capability perspective of firm. Two types of organizational resources – technical and social – were identified from relevant literature. Data were collected from 23 small- and medium-sized firms (family owned firms) using a 37-item questionnaire. In addition to descriptive statistics, multiple hierarchical regressions and bootstrapping were used to test the study hypotheses.
Findings
Findings suggest that organizational resources are positively and significantly related with strategic flexibility, and KM process capability partially mediates these relationships.
Research limitations/implications
The paper adds to strategic flexibility literature by exploring and assessing the linkage of organizational resources with strategic flexibility through KM process capability.
Originality/value
Findings of this research may help organizations and practitioners in enhancing strategic flexibility of firm.
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Improving the efficiency of urban bus services in India
No full textThis dissertation analyzed the performance of public bus services in Indian cities and explored factors that affect their efficiency. Following the Road Transport Corporation Act of 1950, most states in India established State Road Transport Corporations to provide public bus services in their respective states. By early 1990s, most of the State Transport Undertakings (STUs) had become large monopolistic operations that incurred huge losses. The government of India started to encourage the STUs to resort to privatization to expand their services and stopped providing funds for purchase of new vehicles. Delhi and Bangalore privatized part of their urban bus services to increase the supply of buses in the city. The analysis involved quantitative analysis of the performance of urban transport companies, the efficiency of their operations and a comparison of the privatization experience of Delhi and Bangalore to understand the differences in their experience. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the relative efficiencies of public bus companies. Then, tobit regression and truncated regression were performed on the estimated efficiencies to explore the exogenous factors that influence efficiency. Results from the multivariate analysis showed that privatization significantly affects service efficiency. Privatization led to an increase in the supply of buses, a decrease in crowding on buses and overall improvements in the quality of service. However, its impact on production efficiency was insignificant. The results from regression analyses indicated that factors other than privatization, such as higher population density and regular revisions of fares influence efficiency. Higher traffic speeds can also improve efficiency of bus systems. While some these factors can be directly controlled by the bus operator, others are beyond their control and have to be addressed though overall planning for land use and traffic management. The research also offers several practical implications to cities that are planning to privatize their operations. The comparison of the privatization experiences of Delhi and Bangalore does not support the theory that competition between operators improves efficiency. Regardless of the method of privatization chosen, the nature of regulations imposed on the private operators determines the outcome from privatization.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Nisha Korattyswaroopa
Toward a Sustainable Future: A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions in Sustainability Reporting Research
No full textThis study aims to review the extent of sustainability reporting (SR) research focusing on corporate disclosures. This study presents the evolution of SR research, describes the current state, and suggests potential directions for future research. For this research, we retrieved data from the Scopus Database, following the systematic literature review data retrieval protocol. Our search has yielded a total of 1206 eligible research documents. The retrieved metadata of relevant papers were analyzed using various bibliometric techniques such as performance analysis, structured network analysis, and thematic categories. The findings of this study reveal that there has been an increasing trend of publications with an annual growth rate of 28% in this domain. Our study constructed the conceptual and intellectual structure of SR research and described the past and present of this research base. In addition, our study portrays the various thematic categories of SR literature. The present study is an early effort to systematically evaluate SR research and has several implications for the theory, society, and policymakers. Firstly, stakeholders and the community can gain insights into organizational initiatives toward climate change, governance, and ethics. Secondly, Policymakers can analyze how and to what extent organizations are incorporating the guidelines into their strategic decisions and can focus on the further scope of the improvement in the policy formation
Population aging and the labor market : the case of Sri Lanka
No full textSri Lanka's population is predicted to age vary fast during the next 50 years, bringing a slowdown of labor force growth and after 2030its contraction. Based on a 2006 representative survey of old people in Sri Lanka, the paper examines labor market consequences of this process, focusing on retirement pathways and the determinants of labor market withdrawal. The paper finds that a vast majority of Sri Lankan old workers are engaged in the informal sector, work long hours, and are paid less than younger workers. Moreover, the paper shows that labor market duality carries over to old age: (i) previous employment is the most important predictor of the retirement pathway; (ii) older workers fall into two categories: civil servants and formal private sector workers, who generally stop working before they reach 60 because they are forced to do so by mandatory retirement regulations, and casual workers and the self-employed, who work until very old age (or death) due to poverty and insufficient income and who stop working primarily because of poor health; and (iii) the option of part-time work is used primarily by workers who held regular jobs in their prime age employment, but not by casual workers and self-employed.Labor Markets,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Work&Working Conditions,
ESG disclosure and firm performance in global south economy: Does industry profile moderate the relationship
No full textOur paper explores the connection between ESG disclosure and firm performance (operational performance, accounting performance, financial performance, and market performance) in the context of the global south. Specifically, we investigated this relationship by gathering data from 237 firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange index, comprising 139 observations from heavy industries and 98 from light industries. Additionally, we examine the conditional effect of industry profile (heavy industry vs. light industry) and percentage of board independence. We employed panel regression method for data analysis. Our results indicate a positive and significant relationship between ESG disclosure and firm performance. Overall, we found that a higher ESG disclosure score is associated with improved firm performance across all four performance indicators. When considering individual components of ESG disclosure, we observed that governance disclosure score exhibited a positive and significant relationship with all four indicators of firm performance. On the other hand, environment and social disclosure scores showed a positive and significant relationship only with operational performance and market performance. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that industry profile moderates the relationship between ESG disclosure score and firm performance indicators. Specifically, it affects operational performance, and market performance. The moderating effect of board independence also significantly moderated the relationship. Specifically, board independence influences the relationship with operational, accounting and market performance concerning governance disclosure score, whereas for environment and social disclosure scores, it only influenced accounting and financial performance. Our findings offer a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between ESG disclosure and firm performance, considering various performance indicators and the influence of industry profile and board independence. These insights contribute significantly to both theoretical understanding and practical applications in this field
Usage, Benefits and Barriers of Human Resource Information System in Universities
No full textPurpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the university teaching staff's perception about functions, benefits and barriers of human resource information system (HRIS). It also aims to explore the relevance of attitudinal/demographic diversity with focused HRIS dimensions. Design/methodology/approach - A 26-item questionnaire was developed on the basis of similar research studies. Responses were collected through electronic mail from 90 faculty members of seven state universities in India. Descriptive statistics along with t-test and analysis of variance were used to answer the research questions. Findings - The results of the study reported that HRIS is mostly used for administrative purpose and not taken as strategic requirement. Results also revealed that the perceived functions, benefits and barriers in adoption of HRIS do not vary group-wise. Research limitations/implications - The findings of the study potentially can help in developing and implementing of HRIS in similar types of organizations. Originality/value - Past literature on HRIS mainly comes from the developed countries and is confined to for-profit organizations. The present study is among the few that coherently took up the issue from non-profit organizations, i.e. universities of a developing country.No Full Tex
How can LGBTQ cultural competency be increased in a health care setting?
No full textThe LGBTQ+ community faces unique challenges related to their sexual orientation and gender identity when trying to access healthcare services. Issues such as discrimination, lack of access to care and lack of cultural or knowledge competency from the healthcare system are prevalent in today's society and leads to worsening health outcomes. Understanding specific needs of this community can improve health outcomes and patient satisfaction leading to better overall health outcomes for the LGBTQ+ community. Literature review of 20 peer reviewed articles. Utilized several databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE, and ScienceDirect. Utilized a matrix format to gather and organize information. After completion of the cultural competency training, the AIM scores increased significantly in all three categories ‚ knowledge and skills, openness and support, and oppression awareness. Implicating this into psychiatric nursing practice, we see the importance of incorporating a solid knowledge base regarding LGBTQ individuals. This can be achieved via workplace workshops, implementation of courses in undergraduate classes, and taking personal responsibility to learn topics on your own time. Reinforces the importance of self-reflection and checking your own personal biases when working with transgender patients. This results in a health care environment that is free from judgment.
Poster submission was sponsored by Ruhina Rana, (Health Sciences Department) for Psychiatric Nursing course and was presented at the Coquitlam campus on April 5, 2023, for Student Research Days 2023.Not peer reviewedStudent Research Day People's Choice AwardStudent Research Day Award WinnerStudent Research Day Poster (2023
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